Effects of different modes of exercise on appetite and appetite-regulating hormones

Kawano, Hiroshi; Mineta, Mayuko; Asaka, Masahiro; Miyashita, Masashi; Numao, Shigeharu; Gando, Yuko; Ando, Takafumi; Sakamoto, Shizuo; Higuchi, Mitsuru

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2013.01.017

Cited by 61 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The consensus among these studies is that, after the recovery from exercise-induced anorexia, appetite during the postexercise period does not differ from a resting control trial (13,15,(17)(18)(19)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34) . However, although appetite perceptions do not appear to decrease during the post-exercise period, it must be acknowledged that some investigations have reported elevated appetite perceptions after exercise compared with a control trial (35)(36)(37) . The majority of the studies listed earlier have investigated the appetite response to exercise in healthy nonobese men and demonstrated no differences in appetite between exercise and control trials during the 2 h after a range of exercise modes including walking (26) , cycling (15,(17)(18)(19)35) and running (13,28,30) .…”

Section: Exercise-induced Anorexiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating an acute energy deficit without stimulating compensatory increases in appetite: is there an optimal exercise protocol?

Deighton

Stensel

2014

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Recent years have witnessed significant interest from both the scientific community and the media regarding the influence of exercise on subsequent appetite and energy intake responses. This review demonstrates a consensus among the majority of scientific investigations that an acute bout of land-based endurance exercise does not stimulate any compensatory increases in appetite and energy intake on the day of exercise. Alternatively, preliminary evidence suggests that low volume, supramaximal exercise may stimulate an increase in appetite perceptions during the subsequent hours. In accordance with the apparent insensitivity of energy intake to exercise in the short term, the daily energy balance response to exercise appears to be primarily determined by the energy cost of exercise. This finding supports the conclusions of recent training studies that the energy expenditure of exercise is the strongest predictor of fat loss during an exercise programme. Physical activity: Energy balance: CompensationOverweight and obesity are defined by a BMI of 25-29·9 and 30 kg/m 2 or greater, respectively, and characterised by an excess accumulation of body fat. Recent decades have witnessed a global increase in BMI to the extent that 22·5 % of adults worldwide were estimated to be overweight in 2008, with an additional 11·8 % qualifying as obese (1) . These conditions are associated with an increased prevalence of several chronic diseases (2) , which has resulted in the classification of overweight and obesity as one of the top five global risk factors for mortality and one of the top ten risk factors for morbidity (3)

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Section: Exercise-induced Anorexiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating an acute energy deficit without stimulating compensatory increases in appetite: is there an optimal exercise protocol?

Deighton

Stensel

2014

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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“…Single sessions of exercise have consistently been shown to suppress circulating concentrations of acylated ghrelin at intensities above 60% VȮ2 peak [23][24][25], which coincides with elevations in satiety hormone concentrations including PYY, GLP-1 and PP [26,27,34,[37][38][39]. These hormonal fluctuations are shortlived, typically returning to resting control values in the hours after exercise [22,23,26,27,38].…”

Section: Acute Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Acute and Chronic Effects of Exercise on Appetite, Energy Intake and Appetite-Related Hormones: the Modulating Effect of Adiposity, Sex and Habitual Physical Activity

Dorling

Broom

Burns

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Exercise facilitates weight control, partly through effects on appetite regulation. Single bouts of exercise induce a short-term energy deficit without stimulating compensatory effects on appetite, whilst limited evidence suggests that exercise training may modify subjective and homeostatic mediators of appetite in directions associated with enhanced meal-induced satiety.However, large variability in responses exists between individuals. This article reviews the evidence relating to how adiposity, sex and habitual physical activity modulate exercise-induced appetite, energy intake and appetite-related hormone responses. The balance of evidence suggests that adiposity and sex do not modify appetite or energy intake responses to acute or chronic exercise interventions, but individuals with higher habitual physical activity levels may better adjust energy intake in response to energy balance perturbations. The effect of these individual characteristics and behaviours on appetite-related hormone responses to exercise remains equivocal. These findings support the continued promotion of exercise as a strategy for inducing short-term energy deficits irrespective of adiposity and sex, as well as the ability of exercise to positively influence energy balance over the longer term. Future well-controlled studies are required to further ascertain potential mediators of appetite responses to exercise.

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“…Exercise intensity and duration are determinants of the AG response to acute exercise 30) . For example, AG is suppressed by rope skipping (295 ± 40 kcal; three 10-minute sets performed at 5-minute intervals), similar to using a bicycle ergometer (288 ± 36 kcal; three 10-mintue sets at 5-minute intervals) 31) . In addition, AG was previously shown to be suppressed during swimming 32) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain science of exercise-eating linkage for improvements in modern human health

Yoshikawa

Ueda

Ishii

et al. 2017

JPFSM

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The health values of exercise and eating are separately established as two independent pillars for human life. However, a substantial amount of evidence shows the physiological crosstalk by which exercise might be associated with hunger and satiety, as regulated by gut hormones. A single bout of exercise tends to suppress the blood levels of orexigenic acylated ghrelin (AG) and to increase the levels of anorectic hormones like peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). It was reported that, while sustained physical activity increases the drive to eat in the fasting state, this seems to be compensated by an improved satiety response to a meal through changes in the gut hormone systems. A few studies reported exercise-induced reductions in the neural responses to food-related cues in higher brain center networks involved in the attentional, emotional and cognitive functions. The present review introduces the latest research on the effects of various types of exercise on the neuroendocrine networks related to hunger, satiety, appetite, and responses to food-related cues, suggesting the physiological rationale for the linkage between exercise and eating in humans. Next, the possibilities of the brain science of exercise and eating for improvements in modern human health in various generational groups are discussed.

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Effects of different modes of exercise on appetite and appetite-regulating hormones

Cited by 61 publications

References 28 publications

Creating an acute energy deficit without stimulating compensatory increases in appetite: is there an optimal exercise protocol?

Creating an acute energy deficit without stimulating compensatory increases in appetite: is there an optimal exercise protocol?

Acute and Chronic Effects of Exercise on Appetite, Energy Intake and Appetite-Related Hormones: the Modulating Effect of Adiposity, Sex and Habitual Physical Activity

Brain science of exercise-eating linkage for improvements in modern human health

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