Effects of Different Fatty Acid Chain Lengths on Fatty Acid Oxidation-Related Protein Expression Levels in Rat Skeletal Muscles

Short- and medium-chain fatty acids in energy metabolism: the cellular perspective

“…However, in contrast to LCFAs (e.g., oleate), octanoate significantly raised the AMP level in the tissue (89, 100). It has also been reported that feeding rats with an MCFArich diet enhances skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity (62,103), an observation that is partly attributed to increased activity of citrate synthase (62).…”

“…These observations provide a likely explanation of why octanoate oxidation by isolated hepatocytes is about five times faster than that of oleate (61). Moreover, the intracellular metabolism of SCFAs and MCFAs seems to require no, or much fewer, fatty acidbinding proteins (62,63). In contrast, LCFAs require fatty acid-binding proteins for their cellular uptake, intracellular transport, regulatory functions, and metabolism [reviewed in (63)].…”

“…Therefore, they can serve as better energy-providing fuel than LCFAs, especially under pathological conditions, as exemplified by severe inflammation (85). Finally, MCFAs, having a slightly lower energy content than LCFAs (8.4 instead of 9.2 kcal/g), reduce body fat mass and enhance the insulin sensitivity of tissues [reviewed in (1,21,22,62)]. …”

Remodeling of energy metabolism by a ketone body and medium-chain fatty acid suppressed the proliferation of CT26 mouse colon cancer cells

“…However, SCFAs and MCFAs also increase the mitochondrial respiratory capacity in normal physiological and inflammatory conditions (23). MCFAs also stimulate fatty acid oxidization and energy production in mitochondria in type II skeletal muscle (24). In cancer, SCOT, the rate-limiting enzyme for the production of ketone bodies, and CPT1, the carnitine shuttle protein, is associated with the cell metastatic potential, as evidenced by their increased expression in the highly metastatic SW620 cells, as compared with in the low metastatic parental SW480 cells (25).…”

Metabolically Healthy Obesity

“…Interestingly, dietary MCT promote post-prandial energy production. A single dose of MCT ranging between 5 and 50 g or a weeklong diet containing 40% MCT-fat systematically leads to elevated post-prandial oxygen consumption and thermogenesis, increased total lipid oxidation, higher energy expenditure and diminished energy storage in comparison with LCT administered under identical conditions [101, [119][120][121][122][123]. Importantly, the propensity of MCT/MCFA to be degraded by oxidation is also observed in obese individuals [120,124].…”