Effects of different diets on intestinal microbiota and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease development

Liu, Jianping; Zou, Wenli; Chen, Shui-Jiao; Wei, Haixia; Yin, Yani; Zou, Yiyou; Lu, Fanggen

doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i32.7353

Cited by 63 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The predicted PCoA exhibited partial clustering of CF and BARF groups (P value < 0.01), supporting the notion that the two distinct diets indeed cause differences in the canine gut microbiota. can also metabolize a wide range of different carbohydrates (Lopez-Siles et al, 2012;Liu et al, 2016). Specifically, Fusobacteria and Actinobacteria were significantly increased in dogs fed on a BARF diet, while Bacteroidetes showed an opposite trend ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…and Sutterella spp. can also metabolize a wide range of different carbohydrates (Lopez-Siles et al, 2012;Liu et al, 2016). Therefore, dogs fed with commercial pet foods, which are typically enriched in fibres and carbohydrates, are associated with a higher abundance of these saccharolytic species, as compared with dogs of the BARF group whose diet was based on a high abundance of animal proteins and fats.…”

Section: Role Of Diet As Modulator Of the Canine Core Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metagenomic dissection of the canine gut microbiota: insights into taxonomic, metabolic and nutritional features

Alessandri

Milani

Mancabelli

et al. 2019

Environmental Microbiology

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Summary Domestication of dogs from wolves is the oldest known example of ongoing animal selection, responsible for generating more than 300 dog breeds worldwide. In order to investigate the taxonomic and functional evolution of the canine gut microbiota, a multi‐omics approach was applied to six wild wolves and 169 dog faecal samples, the latter encompassing 51 breeds, which fully covers currently known canine genetic biodiversity. Specifically, 16S rRNA gene and bifidobacterial Internally Transcribed Spacer (ITS) profiling were employed to reconstruct and then compare the canine core gut microbiota to those of wolves and humans, revealing that artificial selection and subsequent cohabitation of dogs with their owners influenced the microbial population of canine gut through loss and acquisition of specific bacterial taxa. Moreover, comparative analysis of the intestinal bacterial population of dogs fed on Bones and Raw Food (BARF) or commercial food (CF) diet, coupled with shotgun metagenomics, highlighted that both bacterial composition and metabolic repertoire of the canine gut microbiota have evolved to adapt to high‐protein or high‐carbohydrates intake. Altogether, these data indicate that artificial selection and domestication not only affected the canine genome, but also shaped extensively the bacterial population harboured by the canine gut.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Role Of Diet As Modulator Of the Canine Core Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic dissection of the canine gut microbiota: insights into taxonomic, metabolic and nutritional features

Alessandri

Milani

Mancabelli

et al. 2019

Environmental Microbiology

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“…A recent study assessing the impact of iso‐caloric high‐fat, high‐sugar and high‐protein diets, as well as an unlimited high‐fat intake diet, upon the development of NAFLD in rats, showed that diets high in fat and sugar were detrimental to health. The authors also examined the effects of these diets upon gut microbiota composition . Rats fed a high‐fat diet (restricted and unrestricted calorie intake) had higher portal LPS levels than the other dietary groups.…”

Section: The Gut–liver–brain Axis In Cirrhosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was postulated that high‐fat and high‐sugar diets impact upon development of NAFLD, independently of caloric intake and alter the gut flora in different ways. The beneficial effects of a high protein diet may relate to increased levels of Prevotella and Oscillospira …”

Section: The Gut–liver–brain Axis In Cirrhosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Review article: the gut microbiome as a therapeutic target in the pathogenesis and treatment of chronic liver disease

Woodhouse

Patel

Singanayagam

et al. 2017

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

172

122

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Summary Background Mortality from chronic liver disease is rising exponentially. The liver is intimately linked to the gut via the portal vein, and exposure to gut microbiota and their metabolites translocating across the gut lumen may impact upon both the healthy and diseased liver. Modulation of gut microbiota could prove to be a potential therapeutic target. Aim To characterise the changes in the gut microbiome that occur in chronic liver disease and to assess the impact of manipulation of the microbiome on the liver. Methods We conducted a PubMed search using search terms including ‘microbiome’, ‘liver’ and ‘cirrhosis’ as well as ‘non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease’, ‘steatohepatitis’, ‘alcohol’ and ‘primary sclerosing cholangitis’. Relevant articles were also selected from references of articles and review of the ClinicalTrials.gov website. Results Reduced bacterial diversity, alcohol sensitivity and the development of gut dysbiosis are seen in several chronic liver diseases, including non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcohol‐related liver disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Perturbations in gut commensals could lead to deficient priming of the immune system predisposing the development of immune‐mediated diseases. Furthermore, transfer of stool from an animal with the metabolic syndrome may induce steatosis in a healthy counterpart. Patients with cirrhosis develop dysbiosis, small bowel bacterial overgrowth and increased gut wall permeability, allowing bacterial translocation and uptake of endotoxin inducing hepatic and systemic inflammation. Conclusions Manipulation of the gut microbiota with diet, probiotics or faecal microbiota transplantation to promote the growth of “healthy” bacteria may ameliorate the dysbiosis and alter prognosis.

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“…Adipose tissue releases cytokines to increase inflammation and fibrosis. Gut microbiota is also believed to play a role in the development of NASH via alterations in the BA pool level and composition (Jiang et al, 2015; Liu et al, 2016b; Mei et al, 2015; Wang et al, 2016). Recently, vitamin D deficiency has been proposed as another possible factor as mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) exhibited increased steatosis and hepatic ballooning when coupled with a vitamin D deficiency (Kong et al, 2014).…”

Section: Nafld and Nashmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of bile acids in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Chow

Lee

Guo

2017

Molecular Aspects of Medicine

120

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is growing in prevalence worldwide. It is started by the presence of macrosteatosis on liver histology but is often clinically asymptomatic. However, it can progress into nonalcoholic steatohepatitis which is a more severe form of liver disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis. Further progression leads to cirrhosis, which predisposes patients to hepatocellular carcinoma or liver failure. The mechanism by which simple steatosis progresses to steatohepatitis is not entirely clear. However, multiple pathways have been proposed. A common link amongst many of these pathways is disruption of the homeostasis of bile acids. Other than aiding in the absorption of lipids and lipid-soluble vitamins, bile acids act as ligands. For example, they bind to farnesoid X receptor, which is critically involved in many of the pathways responsible for maintaining bile acid, glucose, and lipid homeostasis. Alterations to these pathways can lead to deregulation in energy balance and increased inflammation and fibrosis. Repeated insults over time may be the key to development of steatohepatitis. For this reason, current drugs target aspects of these pathways to try to reduce and halt inflammation and fibrosis. This review will focus on the role of bile acids in these various pathways and how changes in these pathways may result in steatohepatitis. While there is no approved pharmaceutical treatment for either hepatic steatosis or steatohepatitis, this review will also touch upon the multitude of potential therapies.

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Effects of different diets on intestinal microbiota and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease development

Abstract: Compared with the high-protein diet, the NAFLD-inducing effects of high-fat and high-sugar diets are independent from calories, and may be associated with changed intestinal microbiota.

Cited by 63 publications

References 48 publications

Metagenomic dissection of the canine gut microbiota: insights into taxonomic, metabolic and nutritional features

Metagenomic dissection of the canine gut microbiota: insights into taxonomic, metabolic and nutritional features

Review article: the gut microbiome as a therapeutic target in the pathogenesis and treatment of chronic liver disease

The role of bile acids in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

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