Effects of Different Catfish Pituitary Gland Extract Dosages on Eggs and Hatchlings Quantity of African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus at a Constant Latency Period

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to assess the effects of different dosages of catfish pituitary glands extract (CPGE) on eggs and hatchlings quantity of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus at a constant latency period. In this experiment, four dosages (2 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg of female) were used. Each dosage extracted from a male (300 g to 305 g) was injected to individual female (350 g to 355 g) at three replications and a total of 12 females were injected. The females were striped after 17 hour at 26°C to 28°C, eggs were counted and incubated. After for 24 hours of incubation at 26°C to 28°C, all hatchlings were counted and recorded. The results indicated that there were significant differences (P<0.05) among the dosages on egg and hatchlings quantity. Egg weight, egg number and percentage egg weight were significantly (P<0.05) higher in dosage three (4 mg/kg) compared to other treatments. Total hatchlings and percentage hatchlings produced from striped females were significantly (P<0.05) higher compared to other dosages. In conclusion, the experiment indicated that higher eggs and hatchlings quantity at a constant latency period are attained with 4 mg/kg of female. Therefore, it is recommended that for better induction of ovulation in African catfish, 4 mg/kg of female pituitary gland extract should be used as suggested by this study.

Induced spawning of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) using goat (Capra aegagrushircus) and pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) pituitary extracts

“…Both dosages used from the present study provided similar result in terms of egg quantity; however, lower dosage demonstrates advantage in terms of the number of breeders it can cater since utilisation of 4 mg kg -1 body weight is already adequate to induce the spawning of African catfish in contrast to higher dosage (200 mg kg -1 body weight). This result agreed with the findings of Mosha and Mlingi (2018) that exact dosage of 4 mg kg -1 body weight gave the highest eggs spawned for African catfish using homoplastic pituitary extract compared to those dosages that are lower or higher than 4 mg kg -1 body weight. Further, Michael et al (2004) reported that high dosage application in inducing Eleutherodactylus conqui to spawn using different hormone mixtures resulted to onset occurrence of side effects to breeders such as hemorrhaging, ataxia and lethargy which compromised egg quality and quantity.…”

“…African catfish, goat and pig. Pituitary extract form African catfish at 4 mg kg -1 body weight served as the control treatment (Mosha and Mlingi 2018). Additionally, the dosages of both 4 mg kg -1 and 200 mg kg -1 body weight from goat and pig pituitary extracts were used as the other treatments.…”

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“…Most fish farmers have to obtain their seeds from wild capture, mainly from rivers. This is due to the constraints that, there are few number of operating hatcheries, low level of technology in larval rearing and live feeds production [33].…”

Homoplastic Hypophysation of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822) Using Catfish Pituitary Gland with Coconut Water as Extender Agent

“…Its reproduction is seasonal and influenced by water temperature, photoperiod, and water level [3][4][5]. Extenders are important for inducing reproduction, and the pituitary gland is the main source of hormones responsible for reproduction in animals [6][7].…”