Effects of different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal backgrounds and soils on olive plants growth and water relation properties under well‐watered and drought conditions

Abstract

1The adaptation capacity of olive trees to different environments is well recognized. 2 However, the presence of microorganisms in the soil is also a key factor in the response of 3 these trees to drought. The objective of the present study was to elucidate the effects of 4 different arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi coming from diverse soils on olive plant 5 growth and water relations. Olive plants were inoculated with native AM fungal 6 populations from two contrasting environments, i.e. semi-arid -Freila (FL) and humid -7 Grazalema (GZ) regions, and subjected to drought stress. Results showed that plants grew 8 better on GZ soil inoculated with GZ-fungi, indicating a preference of AM fungi for their 9 corresponding soil. Also under these conditions, the highest AM fungal diversity was 10 found. However the highest root hydraulic conductivity (Lp r ) value was achieved by plants 11 inoculated with GZ fungi and growing in FL soil under drought conditions. So, this AM 12 inoculum also functioned in soils from different origins. Nine novel aquaporin genes were 13 also cloned from olive roots. Diverse correlation and association values were found among 14 different aquaporin expressions and abundances and Lp r , indicating how the interaction of 15 different aquaporins may render diverse Lp r values. 16 17

Fungal and Bacterial Microbiome Associated with the Rhizosphere of Native Plants from the Atacama Desert

“…Furthermore, AMF increases gas exchange and water use efficiency [67], increases photosynthetic efficiency, improves the antioxidant enzyme response, and induces the accumulation of antioxidant molecules such as glutathione and decrease lipid peroxidation of membranes [67][68][69]. The root hydraulic conductivity is also affected by mycorrhizal colonization, which is evidenced in proteins involved in water transport [70]. In our study, the presence of this phylum in the rhizosphere of the plants is directly related to the greater tolerance of B. scandens to stress conditions due to drought in the Atacama Desert.…”

Halo-tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for improving productivity and remediation of saline soils

“…Due to increased concentration of osmolytes in cells under osmotic and water stresses the osmotic potential becomes negative and causes endosmosis of water which thereby maintains the turgor pressure and integrity of cells [58] . After the stress is over, osmolytes help in repairing the endodermis and cortical cell layers of plants and act as source of nitrogen and energy [59] , [60] . Bacillus fortis SSB21 was reported to increase biosynthesis of proline and upregulation of stress- related genes CAPIP2, CaKR1, CaOSM1 , and CAChi2 in capsicum under saline conditions [5] .…”

Benefits of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Application to Crop Production under Water Scarcity

“…On the plant side, AMF could induce changes in the expression of various AQP genes in the host in order to strengthen root hydraulic conductivity and host tolerance under water-stress conditions in several plants, such as maize [69][70][71], tomato [10,11], black locust [72], trifoliate orange [73], olive [74], and Populus x canadensis plants [75]. AM-induced alterations in expression of plant AQPs could depend on stress duration as the observation in maize plants [69].…”