Effects of Dietary Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisia) Supplementation in Practical Diets of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Abstract

Simple SummaryWorld communities are concerned about the increasing impact of the aquaculture activities on fisheries resources. Aquaculture sector uses 2–5 times more fishmeal to feed farmed species than what is supplied by the farmed product. Therefore, the reduction of fishmeal dependency may provide more economic and environmentally friendly aquaculture. By identifying alternative protein sources, the authors find that brewer’s yeast is a suitable raw material as fishmeal replacement in feed of tilapia. The 15% inclusion may promote growth without affecting the end-product quality. AbstractA 51-day feeding trial was carried out to determine the effects of various dietary levels of brewer’s yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in the growth performance, body composition and nutrient utilization in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, juveniles. Fish (7.6 ± 0.3 g) were stocked into eighteen 1,000-L tanks (100 fish per tank; n = 3) and fed to apparent satiation six isonitrogenous (27% crude protein) and isoenergetic (19 kJ/g) diets, formulated to contain different dried yeast levels (0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30% or 40% diet) in substitution to fishmeal. Body weight tripled at the end of the feeding trial for fish fed up to 20% dietary yeast incorporation. Daily growth coefficient (DGC, % body weight/day) decreased with increasing dietary yeast level (P < 0.0001). Voluntary feed intake (VFI, %BW/day) did not vary significantly with increasing yeast level. Fish fed 40% yeast showed significant reduction in protein efficiency rate, protein retention and nitrogen gain. Increasing levels of dietary yeast did not significantly affect protein or lipid digestibility. Dietary dried yeast was seemingly palatable to tilapia juveniles and was suitable up to 15% inclusion to promote growth and efficient diet utilization, without affecting body composition.

Yeast derived from lignocellulosic biomass as a sustainable feed resource for use in aquaculture

“…As an easily available natural industrial product, strains of S. cerevisiae have been used as a protein source in a number of studies with different fish species. Several growth performance studies have shown that intact S. cerevisiae can be used to partly replace fishmeal protein in diets for fish species such as sea bass; the omnivore pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus ; Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus ; Atlantic salmon; Thai Panga, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus × Pangasius bocourti ; and Arctic char . A majority of these studies have been carried out with isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets, with or without balancing amino acid composition with synthetic amino acids.…”

“…Fillet characteristics of fish fed yeast products may depend on fish growth and body condition . However, studies with different fish species have shown no or only minor effects of replacing fishmeal by different yeast products on whole body or muscle proximate composition . Carcass composition was not significantly affected by protein source when C. utilis replaced fishmeal in diets for rainbow trout, or fishmeal and blood meal in diets for fingerling grey mullet ( Mugil cephalus ) .…”

Growth performance and hemobiochemical parameters in South African dusky kob (Argyrosomus japonicus, Sciaenidae) offered brewer's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as a feed additive

“…Ozório, Portz, Borghesi, and Cyrino () reported that dried dietary yeast was palatable to tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus , juveniles and that a 15% inclusion level promoted growth and efficient diet utilization. However, the daily growth coefficient (% body weight/day) decreased with increasing levels of dietary yeast.…”

Innovative protein sources in shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) feeding

“…FM replacement with yeast has been proved in different fish species with contradictory results (Ozório et al . ). In shrimp, yeasts have been tested as an additive (probiotic) with very good results (Deng et al .…”