Effects of dietary xylooligosaccharides supplementation on the intestinal morphology, nitrogen metabolism, faecal ammonia release, antioxidant capacity, and immune organ indices of broilers

The use of organic calcium derived from eggshell waste on physiological and intestinal conditions of broiler chickens

“…In this case, adequate calcium contributes to improving microbial populations (increasing Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium populations and decreasing Escherichia coli and Salmonella populations) in the digestive tract so that it indirectly has a positive effect on the development of lymphoid tissues and organs in poultry (Xing et al, 2020). Li et al (2022) supported this inference and reported that the improved bacterial community was attributed to the enhanced thymus index of broiler chickens.…”

Feeding Behavior, Growth Performance and Meat Quality Profile in Broiler Chickens Fed Multiple Levels of Xylooligosaccharides

“…The positive growth-promoting effect may be attributed to XOS stimulating the proliferation of beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactobacilli [ 21 ]. The villus height of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of broilers was longer through adding 150 mg/kg XOS [ 36 ], and the increased number of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) secreted by beneficial bacteria could reduce the pH of the intestine, provide a suitable working environment for digestive enzymes, and promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients [ 37 , 38 , 39 ]. XOS can enhance the expression of genes involved in carbohydrate transport metabolism, such as ABC transporter, amylase, xylosidase, galactosidase, and glucosidase [ 40 ].…”

Avaliação do potencial prebiótico de xilooligossacarídeos do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar extraído dentro de conceito de biorrefinaria

“…When there was a higher balance between protein and carbohydrate sources, with the mix of XOS and proteins, there was a higher balance between free ammonia in the medium, which may represent that part of the free ammonia released in the experiment was used as a source of nitrogen for cell growth, since The use of XOS has already been reported to be beneficial in reducing the level of ammonia in the blood of patients with liver cirrhosis, and, although the mechanism behind this still remains unclear, XOS may exert its effect by inhibiting enteric colonization of ammonia-producing anaerobes such as Bacteroides (Kajihara et al, 2000). In vivo studies in broilers have shown that the administration of XOS results in a greater utilization of nitrogen sources and a lower concentration of free ammonia in the fecal samples (Li et al, 2022), while a recent in vitro study with swine fecal samples have reported that the use of XOS as a carbon source results in lower pH values and ammonia concentration (Han et al, 2020), results that , although performed within the scope of animals, highlight the potential benefit of the use of XOS to attenuate the high pH value and concentration of free ammonia resulting from the intestinal fermentation of protein residues.…”

“…Until this chapter, all studies have focused on the most classic prebiotic property of oligosaccharides, which is the property of being selective for Bifidobacterium and generating higher levels of SCFA that results in lower pH values. In fact, most studies in the literature on the prebiotic properties of XOS have focused on the use of XOS to improve the levels of Bifidobacterium and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) production, both in vitro and in vivo, and little has been explored its use to attenuate the harmful effect of protein fecal fermentation of proteins derivates (Han et al, 2020;Kajihara et al, 2000;Li et al, 2022), which can add another great benefit to the use of XOS in health.…”