Effects of dietary threonine on performance, plasma parameters and immune function of growing pigs

Li, Defa; Changting, Xiao; Qiao, Shiyan; Zhang, Jinhui; Johnson, Edna; Thacker, P. A.

doi:10.1016/s0377-8401(99)00005-x

Cited by 73 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A role for threonine in the immune response is consistent with the reports of increased health problems in threonine deficient animals [55]. For instance, threonine deficient mammals have been shown to be more susceptible to tumors and Plasmodium berghei infection [56,57].…”

Section: Enzymessupporting

confidence: 76%

“…For instance, threonine deficient mammals have been shown to be more susceptible to tumors and Plasmodium berghei infection [56,57]. Additionally, pigs fed with a diet deficient in threonine had low antibody levels to bovine serum albumin [55]. Bhargava et al [58] suggested two mechanisms for the effect of dietary threonine on antibody production in their study with chickens; such as firstly threonine may directly influence the process of antibody production, and secondly or alternatively threonine may act on this production indirectly by modifying virus replication.…”

Section: Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A deficiency or an excess of dietary threonine level affects weight gain, enzyme activity, immune response and immune-related gene expression in juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala)

Habte‐Tsion

Liu

et al. 2015

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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Section: Enzymessupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A deficiency or an excess of dietary threonine level affects weight gain, enzyme activity, immune response and immune-related gene expression in juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala)

Habte‐Tsion

Liu

et al. 2015

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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“…Bhargava et al (1971) found that Thr need in chickens for antibody production to Newcastle disease virus was higher than that for growth. Thr is the most abundant essential amino acid in immunoglobulin protein, and Defa et al (1999) show that growing pigs fed with Thr deficient diets have a significant lower plasma concentration of 480…”

Section: Journal Of Applied Animal Research 479mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of dietary threonine requirement for growth and immune responses of broilers

Taghinejad-Roudbaneh

Babaee

Afrooziyeh

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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This study was conducted to determine the effects of supplementing threonine (Thr) at different levels in the diets on growth performance and immune responses of broiler chickens challenged with infectious bursal disease (IBD) and also to estimate Thr requirement based on different response criterion. A total of 300 one-day-old male broiler chicks were assigned to one of the six dietary treatments. Chickens were fed eight graded levels of Thr: 0.60, 0.67, 0.74, 0.81, 0.88 or 0.95% from day 21 to 42 of age. On day 28, all birds were challenged with a commercial live-IBDV vaccine. Body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and carcass characterisation (breast, thigh and fat pad percentage) were significantly influenced by Thr levels. Increasing advisable level up to 0.81% of the diet resulted in significant improvement in the FCR and BWG. Thr supplementation had great effects on the antibody titer against IBD; the broilers receiving the Thr levels of higher than National Research Council (NRC) recommendation have a higher IBD antibody titer than those that received lower levels of Thr. The highest (0.822490.0211) and the lowest (0.724090.0140) were estimated with straight broken-line analysis for immune response (14 days post-challenge) and breast weight, respectively. The results obtained in the present study indicated that Thr requirements of broiler based on the recommendation of NRC are not sufficient to meet the requirement of the new commercial broiler companies under stress and non-hygienic conditions. The best level of Thr based on the current study was 0.81% for support growth performance and immune function.

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“…This may be because of other beneficial metabolic effect of threonine, like on immune response to Salmonella infection as coccidiosis challenge [6] . Some animals, like rats and pigs, have a specific requirement for threonine to optimize immunity that is much higher than that of growth [9,40,41] . In the present investigation no differences in humoral immunity or mortality were observed in challenged and non challenged groups in response to different Thr/Lys ratios.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella’ya Maruz Kalan Erkek Broyler Piliçlerde ThreonineLysine Oranındaki Artışın Performans, Kan Parametreleri ve Humoral İmmun Tepki Üzerine Etkileri

VALIZADE¹,

SADEGHI²,

Chamani³

et al. 2016

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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The aim of this study was to assess the effect of threonine to lysine (Thr/Lys) ideal ratio for optimum performance, blood parameters and immunity of broiler chicks. Supplemental threonine (equal or 25% more than breed's threonine/lysine ratio requirement) was added to a control, threonine deficient and high crude fiber diet, then fed to 288 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks (three treatments and eight replications per treatment). On day 11 and 21 of age, infectious bursal disease virus and infectious bronchitis virus vaccines were orally administered individually, respectively. Then, 21 days after each administration, blood antibody titers against viruses were measured. On day 32 of age, four birds in each treatment group were infected orally with equal numbers of Salmonella Paratyphi A (5×10 4 cfu/bird). As a result of this study, challenging with Salmonella led to increase in mortality rate and increase in Thr/Lys ratio could not decrease it. Increase in Thr/Lys ratio decreased feed intake and weight gain of ensemble challenged and nonchallenged groups, however improved feed conversion ratio of challenged group in finisher period. Feed consumption cost increased by salmonellosis and increase in Thr/Lys ratio could not improve salmonellosis based economic loss. Salmonellosis increased serum urea, uric acid and AST and decreased serum glucose and cholesterol and increase in Thr/Lys ratio did not alleviate triglyceride. Increase in Thr/Lys ratio improved non-significantly humoral immune response in the challenged and non-challenged groups. These findings indicate that higher Thr/Lys ratio in infected birds improved production performance, however could not be an economical lucrative medicative agent. Keywords: Broiler, Humoral immune responses, Lysine, Salmonella, Threonine Salmonella'ya Maruz Kalan Erkek Broyler Piliçlerde ThreonineLysine Oranındaki Artışın Performans, Kan Parametreleri ve Humoral İmmun Tepki Üzerine Etkileri ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı, etlik piliçlerde ideal lisin (Thr/Lys) oranının optimum performans, kan parametreleri ve immunite üzerine etkisini değerlendirmekti. 288 adet bir günlük erkek Ross 308 etlik civcivlere kontrol, treonin yönünden yetersiz ve yüksek ham selüloz diyetine treonin (türün treonin/lizin oranı gereksinimine eşit veya %25 daha fazla) eklendikten sonra verildi (üç uygulama ve her bir uygulama için sekiz tekrarlı tarzda). Bireylere 11. ve 21. günlükken sırasıyla bulaşıcı bursal hastalık virüsü ve bulaşıcı bronşit virüsü aşıları oral yolla ayrı ayrı uygulandı. Her uygulamadan 21 gün sonra, virüslere karşı kan antikor titreleri ölçüldü. 32 günlükken, her bir tedavi grubundan dört eşit sayıda piliç ağızdan Salmonella Paratyphi A (5 x 104 cfu/piliç) ile enfekte edildi. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda, Salmonella maruziyeti ölüm oranında artışa yol açarken, Thr/Lys oranındaki artış bu oranı azaltamadı. Thr/Lys oranındaki artış maruziyet olan ve olmayan grupların toplam yem alımı ve ağırlık kazançlarını azaltırken, maruziyet grubunun son periyottaki yem dönüşüm oranını artırd...

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Effects of dietary threonine on performance, plasma parameters and immune function of growing pigs

Cited by 73 publications

References 24 publications

A deficiency or an excess of dietary threonine level affects weight gain, enzyme activity, immune response and immune-related gene expression in juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala)

A deficiency or an excess of dietary threonine level affects weight gain, enzyme activity, immune response and immune-related gene expression in juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala)

Estimation of dietary threonine requirement for growth and immune responses of broilers

Salmonella’ya Maruz Kalan Erkek Broyler Piliçlerde ThreonineLysine Oranındaki Artışın Performans, Kan Parametreleri ve Humoral İmmun Tepki Üzerine Etkileri

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