Effects of dietary supplementation with EPA and/or α‐lipoic acid on adipose tissue transcriptomic profile of healthy overweight/obese women following a hypocaloric diet

Abstract

In obesity, the increment of adiposity levels disrupts the whole body homeostasis, promoting an over production of oxidants and inflammatory mediators. The current study aimed to characterize the transcriptomic changes promoted by supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 1.3 g/day), α-lipoic acid (0.3 g/day), or both (EPA + α-lipoic acid, 1.3 g/day + 0.3 g/day) in subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue from overweight/obese healthy women, who followed a hypocaloric diet (30% of total energy expenditure) during ten weeks, by using a microarray approach. At the end of the intervention, a total of 33,297 genes were analyzed using Affymetrix GeneChip arrays. EPA promoted changes in extracellular matrix remodeling gene expression, besides a rise of genes associated with either chemotaxis or wound repair. α-Lipoic acid decreased expression of genes related with cell adhesion and inflammation. Furthermore, α-lipoic acid, especially in combination with EPA, upregulated the expression of genes associated with lipid catabolism while downregulated genes involved in lipids storage. Together, all these data suggest that some of the metabolic effects of EPA and α-lipoic acid could be related to their regulatory actions on adipose tissue metabolism. © 2016 BioFactors, 43(1):117-131, 2017.

Untargeted metabolomic on urine samples after α-lipoic acid and/or eicosapentaenoic acid supplementation in healthy overweight/obese women

“…Other fatty acid such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which is one of the principal omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) from marine origin, is associated with anti-inflammatory properties [ 17 ]. In this context, an intervention trial has shown that EPA modulates inflammation-related genes in adipose tissue [ 18 ]; moreover, EPA promotes changes in the adipose tissue extracellular matrix remodeling genes besides an increment of chemotactic factors and macrophages associated with wound repair [ 19 ]. Different metabolomic studies have been carried out on EPA and n-3 PUFA [ 9 , 20 ].…”

Guide for Current Nutrigenetic, Nutrigenomic, and Nutriepigenetic Approaches for Precision Nutrition Involving the Prevention and Management of Chronic Diseases Associated with Obesity

“…Diets with a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids favorably regulate the expression of neuropeptide genes involved in energy homeostasis [57]. Moreover, energy-restricted diets supplemented with eicosapentaenoic acid, and α-lipoic acid have been associated with upregulation of fatty acid-oxidizing genes, as well as downregulation of lipogenic and proinflammatory genes [58,59]. In contrast, high-protein diets prevent and reverse NAFLD by modulating the expression of genes involved in liver lipid metabolism [60,61].…”

Alpha‐lipoic acid supplementation significantly reduces the risk of obesity in an updated systematic review and dose response meta‐analysis of randomised placebo‐controlled clinical trials

“…One hundred and seven full‐text articles were evaluated to examine their eligibility for inclusion in this study, and of those, 83 articles were excluded for the following reasons: having no placebo or control group (n = 7), in vitro or animal studies (n = 9), review studies (n = 8), languages other than English (n = 4), studies performed on children (n = 2), studies that examined the effect of ALA in combination with other drug or supplement (n = 25) and observational studies, case reports, conference papers (n = 22). Several articles were related to the similar databases (eg , , and ); therefore, the studies which included the largest sample size were included in the meta‐analysis (eg Amirkhizi et al, Mahdavi et al and Huerta et al). Additionally, study by Masharani et al and Konrad et al because of low sample size were not included in this study.…”