Effects of Dietary Supplementation of L-Carnitine and Mannan-Oligosaccharides on Growth Performance, Selected Carcass Traits, Content of Basic and Mineral Components in Liver and Muscle Tissues, and Bone Quality in Turkeys

Kwiecień, Małgorzata; Jachimowicz, Karolina; Krupa, Wanda; Winiarska-Mieczan, Anna; Krauze, M

doi:10.3390/ani13040770

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 87 publications

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“…The macroelements calcium and phosphorus form the basis of skeletal formation, while sodium, chlorine, and potassium are distributed in higher concentrations in soft tissues, controlling acid-base balance [72][73][74].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Addition of Trichoderma reesei Cellulase to Broiler Chicken Diets for a 21-Day Period

Perim,

da Silva,

de Souza

et al. 2024

Animals

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The cellulose present in the cell wall of vegetables prevents the greater release of nutrients to the animal. Therefore, the use of the cellulase enzyme is a viable strategy as it is capable of breaking cellulose bonds, releasing nutrients such as glucose, increasing dietary energy, and thus improving the productive performance of birds. Trichoderma reesei is efficient in the production of cellulase, which is produced via submerged fermentation followed by purification, formulation, and drying. Therefore, an experiment was carried out using 240 male broilers of the Cobb-500® lineage to verify the effects resulting from the addition of powdered (500 g/t and 1000 g/t) and liquid (500 mL/t) cellulase over a period of 1 to 21 days. A completely randomized experimental design was used, consisting of four treatments with six replications and ten birds per replication that were housed in an experimental cage. It was observed that performance and digestibility results were significantly different with cellulase supplementation. Also, the relative weight of the large intestine in the period between one and seven days increased when cellulase was added at 1000 g/t. In the period of between eight and 14 days of life, the birds that consumed only the basal diet obtained higher levels of liver protein than those that received the treatments with the addition of the enzyme. However, 15 and 21 days, the consumed feed effect did not occur between thus, it is not conclusive whether hepatotoxicity occurs with the addition of cellulase. For the blood parameters, at 21 days, the diets with added cellulase were not significantly different regarding electrolytes. It was concluded that this cellulase produced by Trichoderma reesei can be included in the animals’ diet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Addition of Trichoderma reesei Cellulase to Broiler Chicken Diets for a 21-Day Period

Perim,

da Silva,

de Souza

et al. 2024

Animals

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Incorporation of recovered food and food scraps into poultry feed: A systematic review

Simmons,

Duan,

Pitesky

et al. 2023

CABI Reviews

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Food wastage represents the loss of both economic and resource investments. Incorporation of recovered food and food scraps, defined as the potentially edible organic matter left over from the preparation, sale, and consumption of food, into animal feed is a potential strategy to reduce food wastage and recover some of the embedded resources within the residual food material. There is a need to align recovered food and food scraps’ nutritional quality, chemical and biological safety with scalable and feasible processing requirements that dovetail with the nutritional requirements of food animals. This review examines the feasibility of incorporating treated post-consumer food scraps into poultry feed, which currently represent the most consumed animal protein on the planet. The review summarizes the broad nutritional composition of post-consumer food scraps, toxicological considerations associated with incorporating food scraps into poultry feed, food scrap pre-treatments related to feed applications and feeding studies that incorporated post-consumer food scraps into animal feed rations. Research appears to indicate that sterilization through heat treatment is sufficient to control pathogenic microorganism contamination in recovered food. Other contaminants such as mycotoxins, heavy metals, microplastics, biogenic amines, antinutritional factors cannot always be removed from recovered food and subsequently, infrastructure to survey levels of contamination in recovered food to be used in concert with developing technologies to better remove these contaminants is recommended. Subsequently, the review illustrates that pre-treatments in concert with surveillance of incoming recovered food and food scraps may be used to ensure the safety of incorporating such material into poultry feed. Studies show large variability in the nutritional composition of consumer food scraps, but on average, lipid and fiber levels are higher in recovered food scraps compared to maize and soybean meal, while protein levels are higher than in maize and lower than in soybean meal. Feeding studies suggest an incorporation level of up to approximately 20% is associated with positive or neutral impacts on growth performance indicators

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Mannan oligosaccharides as a prebiotic for laying hens: effects on fertility, hatchability, productive performance, and immunity

Youssef,

Aldhalmi,

Felemban

et al. 2024

Translational Animal Science

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This experiment examined how adding mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) to the diet affected fertility, hatching rates, egg production, carcass characteristics, cost-effectiveness, and immune function in laying hens. One hundred and twenty Mandarah chickens (30 hens and 3 roosters per group) were randomly chosen between 34 and 50 weeks old and divided into four groups. The 1st group was the control group, which was given just the basal diet. The basal diet was given to the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th experimental groups along with three different levels of MOS (0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 g/kg diet, respectively). Results found that hens fed MOS at various levels laid eggs at a significantly higher rate, enhanced egg number, egg mass and feed conversion ratio than the control group (P<0.05). MOS seemed to improve carcass quality. The best results for egg quality (Haugh unit) and testosterone levels were seen with a dose of 0.5 g/kg of MOS compared to the control birds (P<0.05). All MOS levels led to higher estradiol-17β (E2) levels and better economic efficiency. MOS also improved the hens' immune systems as compared to the control group. Hens fed MOS had significantly greater levels of antibodies against Influenza viruses (H9N2) and Infectious Bronchitis Virus (P<0.05). Also, the spleen and thymus gland, both crucial immune system components, were slightly larger (P<0.05). It's important to note that fertility rates, hatchability, and embryo mortality rates remained similar across all groups. So, our findings suggest that incorporating MOS into the birds' diet enhances their productivity, strengthens their immune system, improves economic efficiency, and contributes to the overall health of the hens.

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Effects of Dietary Supplementation of L-Carnitine and Mannan-Oligosaccharides on Growth Performance, Selected Carcass Traits, Content of Basic and Mineral Components in Liver and Muscle Tissues, and Bone Quality in Turkeys

Cited by 5 publications

References 87 publications

Effects of the Addition of Trichoderma reesei Cellulase to Broiler Chicken Diets for a 21-Day Period

Effects of the Addition of Trichoderma reesei Cellulase to Broiler Chicken Diets for a 21-Day Period

Incorporation of recovered food and food scraps into poultry feed: A systematic review

Mannan oligosaccharides as a prebiotic for laying hens: effects on fertility, hatchability, productive performance, and immunity

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