Effects of dietary protein levels on performance, nitrogen excretion, and odor emission of growing pullets and laying hens

Heo, Yun-Ji; Park, Jina; Kim, Yoo-Bhin; Kwon, Byeong-chan; Kim, Da-Hye; Song, Ju-Yong; Lee, Kyung-Woo

doi:10.1016/j.psj.2023.102798

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…This study revealed that protein intake and excretion in hens fed the RP diets were lower than the SP diet, thus improving environmental benefits. This is in agreement with other studies presenting that lowering levels of intact protein in the diet substantially reduced N-excretion [16,51,82]. The lower protein intake in hens fed the RP diets in this study might be due to the similar feed intake but lower CP levels in the RP diets compared to the SP diet.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Tibia morphology, breaking strength, and ash/mineral content are indicators of bone quality. In the current study, neither dietary protein level nor deficiency of essential AA exerted any effect on tibial characteristics, which supports earlier studies [82,86,87]. Therefore, it can be postulated that lowering CP levels might not affect bone quality in laying hens.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Uric acid is the metabolic end product of protein metabolism, and the relative values of serum uric acid levels and dietary CP are thought to be inversely correlated, as documented in previous broiler studies [5,83,84]. In the current study, similar serum uric acid levels were observed in hens fed the SP and RP diets, corresponding to the findings of other laying hen studies [51,82]. As the RP diets in the current and aforementioned studies had adequate levels of Met, Lys, and Thr supplementation, the findings may indicate the critical roles of Met, Lys, and Thr in protein utilisation in laying hens [84,85].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

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The Order of Limiting Amino Acids in a Wheat–Sorghum-Based Reduced-Protein Diet for Laying Hens

Jahan,

Dao,

Akter

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Understanding the order of limiting amino acids (AA) in reduced-protein (RP) diets for laying hens will facilitate precise feed formulation and ensure that AA requirements are met cost-effectively. The order of the first three limiting AAs—lysine (Lys), methionine (Met), and threonine (Thr)—has been well established in RP laying hen diets. This study aimed to determine the priority order of eight additional limiting AAs (critically important AAs) when formulating wheat–sorghum-based RP diets for laying hens: tryptophan (Trp), valine (Val), isoleucine (Ile), arginine (Arg), leucine (Leu), histidine (His), phenylalanine (Phe), and glycineequivalent (Gly). A total of 330 Hy-Line Brown laying hens were randomly assigned to 11 dietary treatments (30 replicates of individual birds per treatment) from 20 to 39 weeks of age (WOA). Treatments were a standard-protein (17.24% CP) diet as the control (SP); a reduced-protein (15.00% CP) diet with sufficient levels of Lys, Met, and Thr but insufficient levels of the eight experimental essential AA (RP); a reduced-protein diet with sufficient levels of all essential AAs (RP-EAA); and eight subsequent dietary treatments of the RP-EAA diet with one of the experimental essential AAs removed: Trp (RP-EAA-Trp), Val (RP-EAA-Val), Ile (RP-EAA-Ile), Arg (RP-EAA-Arg), Leu (RP-EAA-Leu), His (RP-EAA-His), Phe (RP-EAA-Phe), and Gly (RP-EAA-Gly). Eggs were collected and weighed daily, and feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were calculated weekly. External and internal egg quality was measured at 29 and 39 WOA. Nutrient digestibility, serum uric acid concentration, caecal microbiota composition, and tibia parameters were measured at 40 WOA. Overall, hens fed the RP-EAA-Val, RP-EAA-Ile, and RP diets presented significantly lower egg mass compared to hens fed the SP, RP-EAA-His, and RP-EAA-Gly diets (p < 0.001). Hens fed the RP diet and RP-EAA-Val diet had a higher FCR compared to those offered the RP-EAA, RP-EAA-Leu, RP-EAA-Phe, and RP-EAA-Gly diets (p = 0.046). Lower protein intake and excretion were observed in hens offered the RP diets compared to hens fed the SP diet (p = 0.001 and 0.018, respectively). Based on the egg mass, Ile may be considered the fourth and Val the fifth limiting AA, after Lys, Met, and Thr, in laying hens fed wheat–sorghum-based RP diets during peak lay. However, if ranked based on FCR, Val may be considered the fourth limiting AA, followed by Trp, Ile, Arg, and His as the co-fifth limiting AAs. Leu, Phe, and Gly may be considered as non-essential AAs for laying hens fed RP diets.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Order of Limiting Amino Acids in a Wheat–Sorghum-Based Reduced-Protein Diet for Laying Hens

Jahan,

Dao,

Akter

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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“…However, it has been generally observed that an improvement in FCR translates to a better use of the diet, explained by the higher uptake of nutrients such as protein and energy. This improved uptake then tends to translate into a reduction in the ammonia load in the farm effluents [22]. It would thus be interesting to investigate the influence of CEFA addition on the quantity and characteristics of farm effluents to assess if this aspect could also further benefit its overall environmental effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating the Environmental Impacts from Pig and Broiler Chicken Productions: Case Study on a Citrus Extract Feed Additive

Bui,

Cisse,

Ceccaldi

et al. 2023

Animals

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The rapid expansion of the livestock production sector to meet the world population’s demand is posing a big challenge to environmental sustainability. Plant-based feed additives extracted from agro-food byproducts could potentially result in multiple outcomes: reducing food-processing wastes and improving animal growth performances, hence mitigating environmental impacts of meat production chains. This presented study was carried out to assess the environmental impacts of the use of a commercial citrus extract feed additive (CEFA) in swine and broiler chicken farming. Life-cycle assessment (LCA) was applied to assess the impact of manufacturing and distributing one 25 kg bag of CEFA and its use in feed in broiler chicken and swine productions. With regards to CEFA manufacturing and distribution, results showed that most of the impact came from the production of CEFA ingredients, accounting for 70% of the impact generated. The remaining 30% effect was divided between transportation to the customer (25%), CEFA packaging (3%), and CEFA manufacturing and production loss (2%). When enlarging the scope, the use of the CEFA in pigs and broilers’ diets was shown to improve the measured environmental indicators, compared to such standard systems. Indeed, CEFA-added feeds have demonstrated enhanced growth performances, hence reducing the required amount of consumed feed to achieve the same level of growth. Consequently, this helped reduce environmental issues from animal feed ingredients’ agriculture. To be more specific, the use of one 25 kg bag of CEFA in feed at 250 g per ton of feed led to a reduction of 6 tons of CO2 equivalent (CO2 eq) emitted along the life cycle of poultry production and 5 tons in the case of fattening pigs. The inclusion of this CEFA in the diet also led to a reduction in the land use footprint by 0.7 hectares and reductions in water consumption by 201 m3 and 82 m3 for broiler chicken and swine production, respectively. The environmental performance assessment thus showed the interest in using this CEFA in swine and broiler chicken diets to mitigate the environmental impacts.

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Intestinal health of squab pigeons responded to parental dietary protein levels during breeding period

Cheng,

Niu,

et al. 2024

Poultry Science

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Effects of dietary protein levels on performance, nitrogen excretion, and odor emission of growing pullets and laying hens

Cited by 9 publications

References 69 publications

The Order of Limiting Amino Acids in a Wheat–Sorghum-Based Reduced-Protein Diet for Laying Hens

The Order of Limiting Amino Acids in a Wheat–Sorghum-Based Reduced-Protein Diet for Laying Hens

Mitigating the Environmental Impacts from Pig and Broiler Chicken Productions: Case Study on a Citrus Extract Feed Additive

Intestinal health of squab pigeons responded to parental dietary protein levels during breeding period

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