Effects of dietary n‐3 LC‐PUFA on the growth performance, gonad development, fatty acid profile, transcription of related genes and intestinal microflora in adult sea urchin (
            <i>Strongylocentrotus intermedius</i>
            )

Lv, Deliang; Zhang, Feng; Ding, Jun; Chang, Yaqing; Zuo, Rantao

doi:10.1111/are.14997

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…The GSI of female S. intermedius fed kelp was significantly lower than those fed formulated feeds, which was consistent with the findings of a variety of previous studies (Ning et al, 2022). Although n-3 LC-PUFA is essential for normal gonad development, results of this study and some previous studies showed that sea urchins seem to have a low n-3 LC-PUFA requirement for sustaining normal gonad development (Lv et al, 2020). In this study, sea urchins fed PO showed higher GSI than those fed other lipid sources.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of Dietary Lipid Sources on the Growth, Gonad Development, Fatty Acid Composition and Spawning Performance of Broodstock, and Early Larvae Quality of Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius)

Zuo

Ning

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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This study was carried out to investigate the effects of five formulated feeds with different lipid sources (colza oil (CO), fish oil (FO), linseed oil (LO), soybean oil (SO), or palm oil (PO)) and kelp (Laminaria japonica) on the growth, reproductive performance of broodstock, and early larvae quality of sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius). The experimental diets were randomly allocated to a total of 48 (eight urchins per experimental group) individually cultured S. intermedius(initial weight 90.51 ± 0.82g) and the feeding period lasted for 12 weeks. The results showed that the weight gain rate of female sea urchins fed kelp was significantly higher than those fed formulated feeds while the gonadosomatic index of spawned female sea urchins fed kelp was significantly lower than those fed formulated feeds.S. intermedius broodstock fed FO showed the largest egg diameter and fecundity, which could be due to the abundant n-3 LC-PUFA deposited in the gonads of this group. Sea urchins fed SO showed the lowest fecundity and hatching rate, and the highest inflammation level. Sea urchins fed CO showed the highest content of oleic acid in the gonads and eggs, but the lowest fertilization rate. The highest hatching rate was observed in the kelp treatment, which was comparable to that in the LO and PO but was significantly higher than that in CO, FO, and SO. Before mouth opening, all prismatic larvae showed no significant differences in survival during the first 2 days post hatchery (DPH). At the 3 DPH, the survival of S. intermedius larvae was highest in the FO group, followed by those in the PO group, with the lowest survival observed in the kelp group. Thus, FO was accepted as the most ideal lipid source based on growth, reproductive performance, and early larval quality. These results could contribute to adopting an efficient feeding strategy to promote the reproductive performance and offspring quality by choosing the optimal lipid source for S. intermedius broodstock.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of Dietary Lipid Sources on the Growth, Gonad Development, Fatty Acid Composition and Spawning Performance of Broodstock, and Early Larvae Quality of Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius)

Zuo

Ning

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…Dalian Ocean University imported Strongylocentrotus intermedius from Japan to China in 1989 [6]. Since then, extensive research has been conducted on genetic breeding, aquaculture, disease prevention and control, and nutritional physiology of this species [7][8][9][10][11]. Nowadays, S. intermedius is becoming one of the most important economical farming species in northern China with an estimated annual economic worth of 100 million CNY [2,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Supplementary Kelp Feeding on the Growth, Gonad Yield, and Nutritional and Organoleptic Quality of Subadult Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius) with Soya Lecithin Intake History

Di,

Heqiu,

Gou

et al. 2023

Aquaculture Nutrition

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A 23-week feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of supplementary kelp feeding on the growth, gonad development, and nutritional and sensory properties of sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius) with soya lecithin (SL) intake history. The feeding experiment was divided into experimental phase I and phase II. During phase I, 48 subadult sea urchins (initial weight: 6.28 ± 0.07 g) were fed one of the feeds with different levels of SL (0%, 1.6%, 3.2%) or kelp (Saccharina japonica) for 12 weeks. Then, all sea urchins were fed kelp for the next 11 weeks during the phase II. Each diet was randomly allocated to six cages of sea urchins. The results of phase I showed that weight gain rate (WGR), gonadosomatic index (GSI), gonad sensory properties (color and texture), and essential amino acid (EAA) contents were not significantly affected by SL level in the feed groups. High level (3.2%) of SL suppressed gonad development of S. intermedius with retarded gametogenesis in the 3.2% SL group (stage Ⅱ) compared to those fed 0% and 1.6% SL groups (stage Ⅲ). Sea urchins fed dry feeds exhibited significantly lower WGR and values of color (redness and yellowness) and texture (hardness and gumminess) but higher contents of EAA in the gonads than those fed kelp. The n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) of gonads in the groups fed with dry feeds showed no significant differences, but were significantly lower than that of kelp group. At the end of phase II, the gonad yellowness and EPA content of gonads in all dry feed groups were significantly increased by supplementary kelp feeding, with a higher increase observed in S. intermedius with SL intake history, while arachidonic acid (ARA) content was significantly improved by supplementary kelp feeding in S. intermedius with SL intake history. Gonad texture was improved to some extent by supplementary kelp feeding. These results indicated that S. intermedius fed dry feeds showed significantly higher GSI and EAA but poorer organoleptic quality and lower n-3/n-6 PUFA and EPA than those fed kelp. Kelp supplementary feeding improved the fatty acid value and organoleptic quality of gonads, especially for the sea urchins with SL intake history.

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“…Compared to the low-VE groups (78-105 mg/kg), the WGR of sea urchins in the moderate or relatively higher VE groups (152-302 mg/kg) showed an obvious increase, but declined in the highest VE group (390 mg/kg). The estimated VE requirement (262.4 mg/kg) based on the WGR regression model was higher than that for sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) (165.2-187.2 mg/kg) [8], that for medaka (Oryzias latipes) (121.3 mg/kg) in both the juvenile and adult stages [46], that for Caspian trout (Squaliobarbus ourriculus) (78.73-82.16 mg/kg) [47], and that for spotted bass (Pomoxis nigromacufatus) (48.2-55.7 mg/kg) [48], respectively. Excessive vitamin E leads to decreased growth performance of grass shrimp (Penaeus monodon) [49], and poor growth, hepatotoxicity, and death of keeling (Tor tambra) fingerlings [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Strongylocentrotus intermedius was imported from Japan to China in 1989 [3]. Since then, a series of studies was conducted on this species, including larval and juvenile production, farming technology, feed manufacture, and disease prevention and control [4][5][6][7][8]. Nowadays, S. intermedius has become one of the most important farming species, especially in the coastal areas of northern China [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation on the Effects of Dietary Vitamin E on Juvenile Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius): Growth, Intestinal Microbiota, Immune Response, and Related Gene Expression

Li,

Gou,

Gong

et al. 2023

Biology

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A 90 d feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of vitamin E (VE) on growth, intestinal microbiota, immune response, and related gene expression of juvenile sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius). Six dry feeds were made to contain graded levels of VE (78, 105, 152, 235, 302, and 390 mg/kg); these were named E78, E105, E152, E235, E302, and E390, respectively. Dry feed E50 and fresh kelp (HD) were used as the control diets. There were six replicates of cages in each dietary group, and each cage held 20 sea urchins with an initial body weight of approximately 1.50 g. Results exhibited that weight gain rate and gonadosomatic index (GSI) of the sea urchins were not significantly affected by dietary VE ranging from 78 to 390 mg/kg. Sea urchins in the dry feed groups showed poorer growth performance, but significantly higher GSI than those in the fresh kelp groups. The pepsin and lipase activities were not significantly promoted by low or moderate VE, but were inhibited by a high level of VE (302–390 mg/kg), while amylase and cellulase activities were significantly increased by low or moderate VE, with the highest values observed in the E105 and E235 groups, respectively. VE addition at a low dosage (105–152 mg/kg) showed inhibitory effects on immune and antioxidant enzyme activities and expression of inflammation-related genes, but showed no beneficial effects at moderate or high dosage (235–390 mg/kg), while a moderate or relatively higher level of VE (235–302 mg/kg) significantly increased the expression of several immune-related genes. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Ruegeria, and Maliponia in the intestine of the sea urchins increased with the increase in VE in the dry feeds. On the contrary, the relative abundance of the Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Escherichia-Shigella, Bacteroides, and Clostridium sensu stricto 1 gradually decreased as VE content increased. These results indicated that a moderate level of VE (172.5–262.4) can achieve ideal digestive enzyme activities and growth performance, but a relatively higher level of VE (235–302 mg/kg) was beneficial for maintaining the immune and antioxidant capacity of juvenile S. intermedius by regulating the expression of inflammation- and immune-related genes and abundance of some bacteria to a healthy state.

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Effects of dietary n‐3 LC‐PUFA on the growth performance, gonad development, fatty acid profile, transcription of related genes and intestinal microflora in adult sea urchin ( Strongylocentrotus intermedius )

Cited by 7 publications

References 42 publications

Effects of Dietary Lipid Sources on the Growth, Gonad Development, Fatty Acid Composition and Spawning Performance of Broodstock, and Early Larvae Quality of Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius)

Effects of Dietary Lipid Sources on the Growth, Gonad Development, Fatty Acid Composition and Spawning Performance of Broodstock, and Early Larvae Quality of Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius)

Effects of Supplementary Kelp Feeding on the Growth, Gonad Yield, and Nutritional and Organoleptic Quality of Subadult Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius) with Soya Lecithin Intake History

An Investigation on the Effects of Dietary Vitamin E on Juvenile Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius): Growth, Intestinal Microbiota, Immune Response, and Related Gene Expression

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