Effects of dietary lysine restriction on inflammatory responses in piglets

Han, Hui; Yin, Jie; Wang, Bin; Huang, Xingguo; Yao, Jiming; Zheng, Jie; Fan, Wenjun; Li, Tiejun; Yin, Yulong

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20689-3

Cited by 37 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…These harmful events could be triggered by an immune system less prepared to combat pathogenic agents causing imbalances in the intestinal microbiota, since pigs subjected to Lys deficiency can have decreased immune responses (Li et al, 2007;Liao et al, 2015). This is likely due to impairment of the synthesis of proteins related to the animal inflammatory responses, including serum antibody, inflammatory cytokines, Tlrs system, and ERK1/2 and NF-κB signals (Han et al, 2018). It is also important to consider that the intestinal tissue has a high rate of cell turnover.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative bioavailability ofl-lysine sulfate is equivalent to that ofl-lysine HCl for nursery piglets1

Palencia

Resende

Lemes

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

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Supplementary l-lysine sources include l-lysine HCl and l-lysine sulfate. l-Lysine sulfate contains at least 50% l-Lys and other components as residues from the fermentation process, other amino acids, and other organic and inorganic substances, being an alternative to l-Lys HCl. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative bioavailability (RBV) of l-Lys sulfate in comparison with l-Lys HCl and its effects on performance, blood parameters, intestinal functionality, and the apparent total tract digestibility in nursery piglets. A total of 168 female piglets (DB90 × PIC337), weaned at 22 d (BW = 6.29 ± 0.41 kg), were distributed in seven dietary treatments and eight replicates, with three pigs per pen. The experimental period of 42 d was divided into two phases (phase 1, days 0-21; phase 2, days 21 to 42). The basal diet (CON) was lysine-deficient formulated to meet 73% of standardized ileal digestible Lys requirements. For the other diets, the CON was supplemented with three levels (80%, 90%, and 100% of standardized ileal digestible Lys requirements) of l-Lys sulfate (70% l-Lys) or l-Lys HCl (79% l-Lys). There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in the performance and concentrations of plasma urea and creatinine between the l-Lys sources. The RBV of l-Lys sulfate relative to l-Lys HCl was 106%, 119%, and 117% for effects on ADG, G:F, and plasma urea, respectively. Lys deficiency resulted in a greater (P < 0.05) incidence of diarrhea, while pigs supplemented with Lys sulfate or Lys HCl showed greater (P < 0.05) villus height in the jejunum when compared to those receiving the CON. Diets supplemented with l-Lys sulfate had greater (P < 0.05) apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, gross energy, and crude protein. In conclusion, the RBV of l-Lys sulfate for effects on ADG, G:F, and plasma urea is equivalent to that of l-Lys HCl for nursery piglets.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative bioavailability ofl-lysine sulfate is equivalent to that ofl-lysine HCl for nursery piglets1

Palencia

Resende

Lemes

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

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“…This result also was in line with that of Han et al . [ 48 ], who observed that a deficiency of critical AA decreased the splenic and intestinal expression of cytokine genes. The current findings suggested better humoral and cellular immune response of broiler chickens fed a low-protein diet supplemented with three critical AA (threonine, valine, and tryptophan).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementation of a low-protein diet with tryptophan, threonine, and valine and its impact on growth performance, blood biochemical constituents, immune parameters, and carcass traits in broiler chickens

et al. 2020

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Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of protein reduction with supplementation of limiting amino acids (AA, tryptophan, threonine, and valine) on growth performance, blood biochemical, immunity parameters, and carcass traits in broiler chickens. Materials and Methods: Three hundred one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly allotted into three treatment groups, with five replicates per treatment and 20 broiler chickens per replicate. The three experimental diets were formulated with different dietary crude protein (CP) %, (control [CON] and CON with 1% [CP-1%] or 2% [CP-2%] less CP units) during the starter, grower, and finisher phases. The CP of the experimental diets were 22, 21, and 20% for the starting period (day 1-14); 20, 19, and 18% CP for the growing period (day 15-28); and 18, 17, and 16% CP for the finishing period (day 29-35) in CON, CP-1%, and CP-2%, respectively. The low-CP diets (CP-1% and CP-2%) were supplemented with combined AA, threonine+tryptophan+valine, to meet the respective levels of the CON diet. Results: The CP-2% group had greater (p<0.05; linear, p<0.05) final body weight and gain and better feed conversion ratio. The combined AA inclusion in the low-CP diet (CP-1% and CP-2%) increased (p<0.001; linear, p<0.001) carcass and breast meat yield as well as CP% of breast meat. The reduction of CP% with AA supplementation (CP-2%) decreased (p<0.05; linear, p<0.05) serum triglycerides, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase, while increased (p<0.01; linear, p<0.01) phagocytic activity and phagocytic index. The mRNA expression of splenic and cecal tonsil interleukin 4 and interferon gamma was upregulated (p<0.001; linear, p<0.001) in the low-CP diets supplemented with AA (CP-1% and CP-2%). Dietary supplementation with AA to low-protein diets improved (p<0.01; linear, p<0.01) the economic returns of broiler chickens. Conclusion: A reduction of dietary CP and increased synthetic AA such as threonine, valine, and tryptophan should be considered to improve performance, health, and immunity in broiler chickens.

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“…S4 & Table S1). It is expected that the immune response to HKST results in the transcription of many genes, and studies have shown essential amino acid metabolism to be critical to proper immune system function (Chen et al, 2003;McGaha et al, 2012;Iseri and Klasing 2014;Han et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MNase Profiling of Promoter Chromatin in Salmonella typhimurium-Stimulated GM12878 Cells Reveals Dynamic and Response-Specific Nucleosome Architecture

Cole

Dennis

2020

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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The nucleosome is the primary unit of chromatin structure and commonly imputed as a regulator of nuclear events, although the exact mechanisms remain unclear. Recent studies have shown that certain nucleosomes can have different sensitivities to micrococcal nuclease (MNase) digestion, resulting in the release of populations of nucleosomes dependent on the concentration of MNase. Mapping MNase sensitivity of nucleosomes at transcription start sites genome-wide reveals an important functional nucleosome organization that correlates with gene expression levels and transcription factor binding. In order to understand nucleosome distribution and sensitivity dynamics during a robust genome response, we mapped nucleosome position and sensitivity using multiple concentrations of MNase. We used the innate immune response as a model system to understand chromatin-mediated regulation. Herein we demonstrate that stimulation of a human lymphoblastoid cell line (GM12878) with heat-killed Salmonella typhimurium (HKST) results in changes in nucleosome sensitivity to MNase. We show that the HKST response alters the sensitivity of -1 nucleosomes at highly expressed promoters. Finally, we correlate the increased sensitivity with response-specific transcription factor binding. These results indicate that nucleosome sensitivity dynamics reflect the cellular response to HKST and pave the way for further studies that will deepen our understanding of the specificity of genome response.

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Effects of dietary lysine restriction on inflammatory responses in piglets

Cited by 37 publications

References 28 publications

Relative bioavailability ofl-lysine sulfate is equivalent to that ofl-lysine HCl for nursery piglets1

Relative bioavailability ofl-lysine sulfate is equivalent to that ofl-lysine HCl for nursery piglets1

Supplementation of a low-protein diet with tryptophan, threonine, and valine and its impact on growth performance, blood biochemical constituents, immune parameters, and carcass traits in broiler chickens

MNase Profiling of Promoter Chromatin in Salmonella typhimurium-Stimulated GM12878 Cells Reveals Dynamic and Response-Specific Nucleosome Architecture

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