Effects of dietary lipid levels on the growth, fatty acid profile and fecundity in the oriental river prawn,Macrobrachium nipponense

Abstract

An 8‐week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary lipid levels on growth performance, fatty acid profile and fecundity in the oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense. Five isonitrogenous experimental diets were formulated with graded lipid levels [A (5.02%), B (5.98%), C (6.91%), D (7.91%) and E (8.89%) respectively]. The results indicated that the values of body weight gain, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio and protein retention presented a similar trend of increasing first and then decreased with increasing dietary lipid levels. Furthermore, prawns fed diets containing 6.91% lipid showed the best values on these parameters among all the treatments. EPA, DHA and n‐3/n‐6PUFA contents showed associated increasing with the increase in lipid deposition of prawn muscle. The activities of hepatopancreatic amylase, protease and lipase were also significantly (p < .05) improved by dietary 6.91% lipid. Increasing dietary lipid levels could not suppress early maturation with no differences detected in berried females throughout the feeding trial. Significant lower relative fecundity may contribute to describing the dietary moderate lipid level (6.91%) could promote the growth of spawners and decrease spawning quantity. The recommendation dietary lipid requirement, estimated by the broken‐line model based on specific growth rate against dietary lipid levels, was 7.19% of the dry matter for M. nipponense.

Dietary fatty acid profiles shape crayfish biosynthesis and performance: Implications for riverine food webs

“…(2020) who reported that marine crabs modified dietary FAs in a similar way for each of their distinct experimental diets (suggesting a consistent strategy for lipid metabolism), we found that freshwater crayfish fed high‐quality pellets were selectively enriched in only four FAs; two long‐chain polyunsaturated FAs 20:4ω6 (ARA) and 20:5ω3 (EPA), and two monounsaturated FAs 18:1ω9 (OA) and 16:1ω7 (POA), suggesting that proportion of these molecules may be particularly important for their somatic growth. Proportion of ARA and EPA in tissues of other aquatic animals have been associated with increased growth and survival (e.g., Li et al., 2020; Nhan et al., 2020), and as discussed previously, monounsaturated FAs, such as POA and OA, are known to be important energy sources for fish (Tocher, 2003) and have been associated with ontogenetic changes to metabolism to maximise growth or for periods of fasting (Chaguaceda et al., 2020).…”

Effects of Dietary Lipid Sources on the Growth, Gonad Development, Fatty Acid Composition and Spawning Performance of Broodstock, and Early Larvae Quality of Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius)

“…Fatty acid composition of samples was assayed by following the method of Li et al (2020). Here, the procedures were introduced briefly.…”

“…Up to now, it has become one of the most important sea urchin species for aquaculture in the coastal areas of China (Zuo et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2019). At present, fresh kelp Laminaria japonica are used as the main food category for S. intermedius (Zuo et al, 2018;Li et al, 2020). However, the gonad development of S. intermedius was shown to be retarded when they were fed solely macroalgae and could be markedly accelerated after the addition of some mussel Mytilus edulis (Zhou et al, 2013).…”

“…The level and fatty acid composition of dietary lipids are considered one of the key factors that affect the spawning performance and larvae quality of aquatic animals (Izquierdo et al, 2001). In particular, the absolute level and specific composition of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) and the ratio of members, such as arachidonic acid (ARA; 20:4n-6), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3), have been proven to be critical factors in regulating the reproductive performance, egg, and larval viability of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Agh et al, 2019;Yldz et al, 2020;Yldz et al, 2021), Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Ng and Wang, 2011), Yucatan octopus Octopus Maya (Tercero et al, 2015), Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis (Xiao et al, 2002;Sui et al, 2009), tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis (Liang et al, 2014), Pearl gourami Trichogarster leeri (Mobaraki et al, 2020), European eel Anguilla anguilla (Kottmann et al, 2020), and Oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense (Li et al, 2020). Fish oil (FO), as the major source of LC-PUFAs, will not be sufficient and continuous for the expanding aquaculture industry (Turchini and Francis, 2009;Ng and Wang, 2011;Tocher, 2015;Yuan et al, 2019).…”

High dietary lipid level decreases the immunity and disease resistance of abalone Haliotis discus hannai and affects the perilipin‐2/TLR4, JNK and Keap1/Nrf2 pathways

“…High‐lipid content diets have been increasingly used in aquaculture because of its protein‐sparing effects (Jannathulla et al, 2019; Yigit et al, 2002), which not only reduced nitrogen waste but also decreased feed cost. Nevertheless, a high levels of dietary lipid resulted in anomalous lipid deposition and metabolic disturbance in body, which is frequently accompanied by decreased immunity in fish and shrimp (Jia et al, 2020; Li et al, 2020; Yuan et al, 2016). Hence, understanding how high‐lipid level influences the immunity and possible signalling is vital for healthy culture of aquatic animals.…”