Effects of dietary linolenate on the fatty acid composition of brain lipids in rats

Anding, Roberta; Hwang, Daniel

doi:10.1007/bf02537243

Cited by 52 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The higher percentage of arachidonic acid in the membranes of group I (ratio 120) gave a reciprocal concentration of 18:2. A similar relationship was also observed with respect to the 22:6/18:3 ratio in the synaptosomal membranes from group III (ratio 8) [26,27]. These results can be explained on the basis of substrate concentrations and their availability for z desaturase enzyme [9].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Activities of Synaptosomal Membrane-Bound Enzymes in Response to Dietary Alterations in Linoleic and .ALPHA.-Linolenic Acid.

Rupalatha

Rao

1999

J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Activities of Synaptosomal Membrane-Bound Enzymes in Response to Dietary Alterations in Linoleic and .ALPHA.-Linolenic Acid.

Rupalatha

Rao

1999

J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr.

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“…Mice fed 10% fish oil (15) showed a transient rise in brain EPA, which mostly disappeared by 10 d of feeding. Some studies involving the feeding of large amounts of 18:3n-3 also showed little effect on brain EPA levels (42,43). In the present study, modest amounts (0.44% of calories) of 18:3, EPA, and DHA were fed to n-3 fatty acid-deficient chicks, and generally no more than trace amounts of EPA appeared in the brain and retina.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Docosahexaenoic Acid Is the Preferred Dietary n-3 Fatty Acid for the Development of the Brain and Retina

1990

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ABSTRACT. The metabolism of individual dietary n-3 fatty acids was studied in n-3 fatty acid-deficient newly hatched chicks. Laying hens were fed the n-6 fatty acid, ethyl linoleate, as the only source of polyunsaturated fat. Chicks were then fed the n-3-deficient hens' diet, or one of three other diets supplemented with the ethyl ester of 18:3n-3, 20:5n-3 [eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)], or 22:6n-3 [docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] at 0.44% of calories. At the end of 0, 1, 2, and 3 wk, the fatty acid composition of the brain, retina, liver, and serum was determined. Dietary EPA and DHA were equally effective at raising levels of DHA in the brain and retina. Dietary 18:3 was relatively ineffective in restoring brain and retina DHA. In the n-3-deficient chicks fed EPA or DHA, levels of DHA recovered to control values in both the brain and retina by 3 wk. Very little EPA accumulated in the brain or retina of chicks fed EPA. Hepatic synthesis of DHA from EPA appeared low, suggesting that the brain and retina synthesized the DHA that accumulated rapidly in these tissues after the feeding of EPA. The 6-4-desaturase enzyme was apparently very active, then, in the brain and retina. Retroconversion of dietary 22:6 to 22:5 and 20:5 was evident in the serum, liver, and retina but not in the brain. Thus, it was possible to study the relative metabolism and especially the interconversion of n-3 fatty acids in a environment uncomplicated by existing stores of these essential fatty acids. This study would suggest that 18:3 as the sole source of n-3 fatty acids in the diets of animals, including the human infant, may not be adequate for the biochemical development of the brain and retina and that dietary DHA is the preferred fatty acid of the n-3 series. (Pediatr Res 27: 89-97, 1990) Abbreviations DHA, docosahexaenoic acid EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid The n-3 family of polyunsaturated fatty acids has become the focus of much interest because of evidence that these compounds

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“…These studies measured the accretion of the DHA in the total lipid and phospholipid of whole brain Anding and Hwang, 1986;Arbuckle et al, 1991), total lipid of the brain subcellular fractions (Bourre et al, 1984(Bourre et al, , 1989aYouyou et al, 1986) or individual phospholipids of whole brain (Foote et al, 1990;Galli et al, 1971;Samulski and Walker, 1982;Arbuckle et al, 1991). The present study focused on the influences of maternal dietary fish oil on (n-3) fatty acid deposit in individual phospholipids (i.e., PE, PI, PS, and PC) among different brain subcellular fractions, including Mt, Ms, Sy, and My of offspring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal dietary fish oil enriches docosahexaenoate levels in brain subcellular fractions of offspring

Yeh

Gehman

Yeh

1993

J of Neuroscience Research

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Prompted by the speculated essentiality of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for neural development, this study was undertaken to investigate the incorporation of (n-3) fatty acids in the maternal diet into various phospholipids of infant rat brain subcellular fractions: microsomes (Ms), synaptosomes (Sy), myelin (My), and mitochondria (Mt). Two groups of infant rats were nourished by dams fed diets containing 20% of either corn oil (CO) or menhaden oil (MO) from 2 until 12 days of age. DHA but not eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) was distributed to all subcellular fractions of infant rats in the CO group. The levels of DHA were higher in Ms and Mt than Sy and My, and higher in phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS) than phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylinositol (PI). The MO feeding enriched DHA in PE of all subcellular fractions, PS of all subcellular fractions, except My, PC of Sy, My and Mt, and PI of My. EPA was enriched in phospholipids in all subcellular fractions, except mitochondrial PS of the MO group. In the MO group, the ratios of EPA/DHA, ranging from 0.01 to 0.85, in all subcellular phospholipids were markedly lower than that found in the mother's milk (i.e., 1.5), suggesting an ability to elongate and desaturate EPA to DHA and/or disproportional uptake of the fatty acids by the brain. In PE of all subcellular fractions, the increased levels of DHA and EPA, with a concomitant reduction of arachidonic and/or linoleic acid, yielded higher ratios of total (n-3)/(n-6) fatty acids in the MO than the CO group. The inclusion of preformed DHA and EPA in the maternal diet provides an effective means to enrich these fatty acids in developing brains.

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Effects of dietary linolenate on the fatty acid composition of brain lipids in rats

Cited by 52 publications

References 19 publications

Activities of Synaptosomal Membrane-Bound Enzymes in Response to Dietary Alterations in Linoleic and .ALPHA.-Linolenic Acid.

Activities of Synaptosomal Membrane-Bound Enzymes in Response to Dietary Alterations in Linoleic and .ALPHA.-Linolenic Acid.

Docosahexaenoic Acid Is the Preferred Dietary n-3 Fatty Acid for the Development of the Brain and Retina

Maternal dietary fish oil enriches docosahexaenoate levels in brain subcellular fractions of offspring

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