Effects of dietary lecithin and l-carnitine on fatty acid composition and lipid-metabolic genes expression in subcutaneous fat and longissimus thoracis of growing-finishing pigs

Meng, Qiang; Sun, Shishuai; Sun, Yuecheng; Li, Jianan; Wu, Di; Shan, Anshan; Shi, Baoming; Cheng, Baohua

doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2017.10.012

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…FABP1 plays a crucial role in intracellular fatty acid transport by binding and properly targeting long-chain fatty acids to the correct metabolic sites (Samulin et al, 2008). CPT2 is a mitochondrial membrane protein that is responsible for transporting long-chain fatty acids to the mitochondrial inner membrane for fatty acid β-oxidation (Meng et al, 2018). These down-regulated genes indicated that fatty acid transport and oxidation in the gut of piglets may be inhibited by the weaning process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weaning Alters Intestinal Gene Expression Involved in Nutrient Metabolism by Shaping Gut Microbiota in Pigs

et al. 2020

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Weaning transition usually impairs intestinal architecture and functions and results in gut-associated disorders in pigs. Understanding the changes in intestinal transcriptome and gut microbiota during weaning transition is important for elucidating the underlying mechanism of weaning stress. In the present study, we performed RNA-seq to determine the changes in intestinal transcriptome and 16S rRNA sequencing to measure the gut microbiota changes in the weaning transition. Transcriptome results indicated that weaning transition altered intestinal gene expression involved in nutrient transport and metabolism. Regarding fatty metabolism, fatty acid-binding protein 1 (FABP1), acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (ACADSB), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2) expression in the intestine was decreased by weaning. Genes related to bile acid metabolism were increased by weaning, including FABP6, farnesoid X receptor (FXR or NR1H4) and organic solute transporter-α (SLC51A). In addition, genes associated with oxidative stress were altered by weaning transition, including decreased catalase (CAT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA) and increased glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2) and superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3). Results of microbiota composition showed that the Firmicutes abundance and Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio were increased and that the Proteobacteria abundance in the fecal microbiota was decreased by the weaning process; during the weaning transition, the Bacteroides and Fusobacterium abundances decreased markedly, and these bacteria nearly disappeared, while the Prevotella abundance showed a marked increase. Moreover, the levels of the microbial metabolites butyrate and acetate increased with changes in gut microbiota composition. In addition, predictive metagenome by PICRUSt analysis showed that the pathways related to D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, citrate cycle (TCA cycle), peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism were decreased and the pathway related to retinol metabolism was increased in the gut microbiota of piglets during weaning transition. Our results showed that early weaning alters intestinal gene expression involved in nutrient metabolism, which may be due to the changes in microbiota composition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weaning Alters Intestinal Gene Expression Involved in Nutrient Metabolism by Shaping Gut Microbiota in Pigs

et al. 2020

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“…Ethanolamine is an important component of lecithin, and previous studies have reported that lecithin is helpful to improve the digestibility of fat [ 38 ]. Therefore, the lower levels of Ethanolamine in CAG rats' kidney returned to normal after electroacupuncture and moxibustion treatment in this present study, indicating that CAG could bring the fat indigestion and these two therapies are very effective approaches to treat CAG by improving fat indigestion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difference of Liver and Kidney Metabolic Profiling in Chronic Atrophic Gastritis Rats between Acupuncture and Moxibustion Treatment

Huang

Zhu

et al. 2018

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Acupuncture and moxibustion proved to be very effective in chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). According to the Chinese traditional medicine theory, chronic diseases have an influence on the function of liver and kidney. However, there is little research to demonstrate this theory. This study is aimed at assessing the 1H NMR-based metabolic profiling in liver and kidney of CAG rats and comparing the difference between electroacupuncture and moxibustion treatment. Male SD rats were subjected to CAG modeling by intragastric administration of mixture of 2% sodium salicylate and 30% alcohol coupled with compulsive sporting and irregular fasting for 12 weeks and then treated by electroacupuncture or moxibustion at Liangmen (ST 21) and Zusanli (ST 36) acupoints for 2 weeks. A 1H NMR analysis of liver and kidney samples along with histopathological examination and molecular biological assay was employed to assess and compare the therapeutic effects of electroacupuncture and moxibustion. CAG brought characterization of metabolomic signatures in liver and kidney of rats. Both electroacupuncture and moxibustion treatment were found to normalize the CAG-induced changes by restoring energy metabolism, neurotransmitter metabolism, antioxidation metabolism, and other metabolism, while the moxibustion treatment reversed more metabolites related to energy metabolism in liver than electroacupuncture treatment. CAG did have influence on liver and kidney of rats. Both of these treatments had good effects on CAG by reversing the CAG-induced perturbation in liver and kidney. For regulating the energy metabolism in liver, the moxibustion played more important role than electroacupuncture treatment.

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“…Additionally, feeding finishing pigs diets containing carnitine has been shown to reduce carcass fat depth and lipid accretion rates, especially when fed in combination with PUFA (Owen et al, ). l ‐Carnitine in swine diets has been shown to stimulate FA oxidation and enhance the utilization of fat for energy (Meng et al, ; Ying et al, ). Dietary PUFA, especially of the n‐3 and n‐6 varieties, have gained attention in relation to their stimulation of gene expression, as these FA families have well‐known physiological impacts (Jump, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

l‐carnitine and fat type in the maternal diet during gestation and lactation modify the fatty acid composition and expression of lipid metabolism‐related genes in piglets

Shi

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2019

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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This study examined the influence of adding different amounts of maternal dietary l‐carnitine and two fat types on fatty acid (FA) composition and the expression of lipid metabolism‐related genes in piglets. The experiment was designed as a 2 × 2 factorial with two fat types (3.5% soyabean oil, SO, and 3.5% fish oil, FO) and two levels of l‐carnitine (0 and 100 mg/kg) added to the sows' diets. A higher proportion of n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and a lower ratio of n‐6/n‐3 PUFA in sow milk and piglet tissues were observed in the FO groups than in the SO groups. Adding l‐carnitine increased the proportion of C16:1 in sow milk and decreased n‐3 PUFA in piglet subcutaneous fat. Hepatic peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor α (PPAR‐α) was more abundantly expressed in piglets from the FO groups than from the SO groups (p < 0.05), whereas stearoyl‐CoA‐desaturase (SCD), sterol regulatory element binding protein‐1 (SREBP1) and ∆6‐desaturase (D6D) genes were less expressed in the FO groups compared with piglets from the SO groups. The expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) genes was decreased in the SO groups with l‐carnitine compared to that of the other dietary treatments. No differences among dietary treatments were observed with regard to the expression of acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC). In conclusion, FO and l‐carnitine supplementation in sows affect FA composition and hepatic gene expression in piglets.

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Effects of dietary lecithin and l-carnitine on fatty acid composition and lipid-metabolic genes expression in subcutaneous fat and longissimus thoracis of growing-finishing pigs

Cited by 19 publications

References 60 publications

Weaning Alters Intestinal Gene Expression Involved in Nutrient Metabolism by Shaping Gut Microbiota in Pigs

Weaning Alters Intestinal Gene Expression Involved in Nutrient Metabolism by Shaping Gut Microbiota in Pigs

Difference of Liver and Kidney Metabolic Profiling in Chronic Atrophic Gastritis Rats between Acupuncture and Moxibustion Treatment

l‐carnitine and fat type in the maternal diet during gestation and lactation modify the fatty acid composition and expression of lipid metabolism‐related genes in piglets

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