Effects of dietary lactosucrose on the gene transcript profile in liver of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Abstract

Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) is a valuable aquacultural species in China, but it is highly vulnerable to infectious diseases, which consequently may cause tremendous economical loss. To reduce the risk of disease in the fish, antibiotics have been used in the fish diet, which in turn caused some negative effects on human health. In this study, we choose lactosucrose (LS) as antibiotic alternative added to the diet of the grass carp juveniles and then to evaluate the effects of 15 g Kg À1 LS in the diet on the gene transcript profiles. After the trial for 56 days, we observed that the weight gain rate, specific gain rate and feed conversion rate were increased by 14.2%, 9.2% and 10.1%, respectively, in the trial group compared with the control group. The gene expression levels in the liver tissues of grass carps were assayed using the zebrafish cDNA microarray technology and real-time RT-PCR. Comparing with the control group, 416 genes were identified, and among them, 266 genes were up-regulated and 150 were downregulated on the trial group. Among the up-regulated genes selected, most of them related to growth, immune reaction and sugar metabolism. Most of the down-regulated genes are RAS oncogene family members, V-myc viral oncogene homologue and programmed cell death-related factors. The apparent regulation of gene expression stimulated by LS suggests that the potential application of the LS in improving the growth performance and immunity on the grass carps. Together, this study provides convincing data in support of the use of LS as an alternative dietary antibiotic in fish.

Effects of dietaryBacillus nattosupplementation on growth performance and the growth-related gene/microRNA expression in the skeletal muscle of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

“…; Chu et al . ). In recent years, the probiotic effects of Bacillus bacteria have been demonstrated and are widely used in aquaculture with the demand for more environment‐friendly aquaculture practices.…”

“…Prebiotics are the potential additives that provide benefits to the host primarily via the enhancement of growth, modulation of the intestinal microbiota, stimulation of enzyme activity and improvement of disease resistance (Gatesoupe 1999;Askarian et al 2011;Chu et al 2013a). In recent years, the probiotic effects of Bacillus bacteria have been demonstrated and are widely used in aquaculture with the demand for more environment-friendly aquaculture practices.…”

Biocatalytic synthesis of lactosucrose using a recombinant thermostable β-fructofuranosidase from Arthrobacter sp. 10138

“…Lactosucrose (O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1,4)-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1,2)-β-D-fructofuranoside) is a non-reducing trisaccharide composed of galactose, glucose, and fructose ( Figure S1), which can be regarded as a condensate of a molecule of galactose with one molecule of sucrose or a molecule of lactose with one molecule of fructose. Lactosucrose with good solubility and indigestibility is a promising dietary fiber with an ideal prebiotic effect [1]. It was listed in the Foods for Specific Health Uses (FOSHU) in Japan in 2005 [2] and has wide applications in the food, chemical, pharmaceutical, and feed industries [3][4][5][6][7].…”

Perspectives on the biotechnological production and potential applications of lactosucrose: A review

“…Moreover, the results obtained suggested the potential use of lactosucrose as an alternative dietary antibiotic in fish aquaculture (Chu et al, 2013).…”

“…Rats (Hino et al, 2007) Fishes (Chu et al, 2013) Prevention of allergic diseases Rats (Taniguchi et al, 2007) Reduction of faecal odour Dogs (Terada et al, 1992) Cats (Terada et al, 1993) Chickens ) Kumemura et al, 1992 Treatment of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases…”