Effects of dietary L-Citrulline supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, and fecal microbial composition in finishing pigs

Du, J.; Gan, Mailin; Xie, Zhongwei; Zhou, Chengpeng; Ji, Yan; Li, Menglin; Liu, Chengming; Wang, Meng; Dai, Haodong; Huang, Zirui; Chen, Lei; Zhao, Yupei; Niu, Lili; Wang, Yan; Zhang, Shunhua; Guo, Zhanbao; Shen, Linyuan; Zhu, Li

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1209389

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Furthermore, the addition of citrulline increases the adhesion of Lactobacillus helveticas to IPEC-J2 cells [329]. Citrulline supplementation to finisher pigs modulates the microbiota and increases the alpha diversity of the faeces [330]. These studies highlight the potential of citrulline to act as a prebiotic and moreover, the potential synergistic effect of a combination of Lactobacillus helveticas and citrulline.…”

Section: Synbioticsmentioning

confidence: 87%

The Effect of Maternal Probiotic or Synbiotic Supplementation on Sow and Offspring Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Health, and Performance

Kiernan,

O’Doherty,

Sweeney

2023

Animals

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The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens has prompted the reduction in antibiotic and antimicrobial use in commercial pig production. This has led to increased research efforts to identify alternative dietary interventions to support the health and development of the pig. The crucial role of the GIT microbiota in animal health and performance is becoming increasingly evident. Hence, promoting an improved GIT microbiota, particularly the pioneer microbiota in the young pig, is a fundamental focus. Recent research has indicated that the sow’s GIT microbiota is a significant contributor to the development of the offspring’s microbiota. Thus, dietary manipulation of the sow’s microbiota with probiotics or synbiotics, before farrowing and during lactation, is a compelling area of exploration. This review aims to identify the potential health benefits of maternal probiotic or synbiotic supplementation to both the sow and her offspring and to explore their possible modes of action. Finally, the results of maternal sow probiotic and synbiotic supplementation studies are collated and summarized. Maternal probiotic or synbiotic supplementation offers an effective strategy to modulate the sow’s microbiota and thereby enhance the formation of a health-promoting pioneer microbiota in the offspring. In addition, this strategy can potentially reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in the sow and her offspring, enhance the immune potential of the milk, the immune system development in the offspring, and the sow’s feed intake during lactation. Although many studies have used probiotics in the maternal sow diet, the most effective probiotic or probiotic blends remain unclear. To this extent, further direct comparative investigations using different probiotics are warranted to advance the current understanding in this area. Moreover, the number of investigations supplementing synbiotics in the maternal sow diet is limited and is an area where further exploration is warranted.

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Section: Synbioticsmentioning

confidence: 87%

The Effect of Maternal Probiotic or Synbiotic Supplementation on Sow and Offspring Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Health, and Performance

Kiernan,

O’Doherty,

Sweeney

2023

Animals

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“…Bats on the optimal diet presented the highest TNFα values and intermediate levels of citrulline, suggesting that the ability to sustain high inflammation is probably compensated by citrulline, and possibly other amino acids (24) that allow gut good protection against damage. The important role of amino acids in regulating key immune-metabolic pathways and the benefits of arginine/citrulline diet supplementations have been proposed as a novel approach for health and welfare in challenging systems such as farmed fisheries (45,46) and livestock (47,48).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the dietary effects on bat viral shedding and potential consequences for pathogen spillover

Vanalli,

Falvo,

Crowley

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Changes in the quality and quantity of food resources can affect individuals’ health, the way they control infections and consequently the likelihood of onward transmission of pathogens. Dietary shifts have been proposed as one of the factors driving spillovers of zoonotic viruses from bats through a bridging host to humans. While there is a general understanding of the relationship between nutrition and infection in model systems, how diet affects pathogen shedding and the risk of spillover from bats is lacking. We used a data-driven mathematical modeling approach to disentangle the relation between diet, immunity, and viral shedding of Jamaican fruit bats infected with H18N11 and fed different dietary regimes. Model selection indicates that the synergistic interaction between the metabolite citrulline and the cytokine TNFα controls viral shedding in a diet-dependent manner. Bats on a sub-optimal fat diet are more successful in terminating shedding than bats on an optimal or sub-optimal sugar diet. However, when bat foraging behavior is considered, bats on the optimal diet show a lower spillover hazard, probably because of a feeding behavior less conducive to transmission. This study provides novel insights into the diet-driven mechanisms of viral shedding and how they can potentially contribute to spillover events.

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The Effect of Prebiotic Supplements on the Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Associated Health Parameters in Pigs

Kiernan,

O’Doherty,

Sweeney

2023

Animals

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Establishing a balanced and diverse microbiota in the GIT of pigs is crucial for optimizing health and performance throughout the production cycle. The post-weaning period is a critical phase, as it is often associated with dysbiosis, intestinal dysfunction and poor performance. Traditionally, intestinal dysfunctions associated with weaning have been alleviated using antibiotics and/or antimicrobials. However, increasing concerns regarding the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria has prompted an industry-wide drive towards identifying natural sustainable dietary alternatives. Modulating the microbiota through dietary intervention can improve animal health by increasing the production of health-promoting metabolites associated with the improved microbiota, while limiting the establishment and proliferation of pathogenic bacteria. Prebiotics are a class of bioactive compounds that resist digestion by gastrointestinal enzymes, but which can still be utilized by beneficial microbes within the GIT. Prebiotics are a substrate for these beneficial microbes and therefore enhance their proliferation and abundance, leading to the increased production of health-promoting metabolites and suppression of pathogenic proliferation in the GIT. There are a vast range of prebiotics, including carbohydrates such as non-digestible oligosaccharides, beta-glucans, resistant starch, and inulin. Furthermore, the definition of a prebiotic has recently expanded to include novel prebiotics such as peptides and amino acids. A novel class of -biotics, referred to as “stimbiotics”, was recently suggested. This bioactive group has microbiota-modulating capabilities and promotes increases in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production in a disproportionally greater manner than if they were merely substrates for bacterial fermentation. The aim of this review is to characterize the different prebiotics, detail the current understating of stimbiotics, and outline how supplementation to pigs at different stages of development and production can potentially modulate the GIT microbiota and subsequently improve the health and performance of animals.

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Effects of dietary L-Citrulline supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, and fecal microbial composition in finishing pigs

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

The Effect of Maternal Probiotic or Synbiotic Supplementation on Sow and Offspring Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Health, and Performance

The Effect of Maternal Probiotic or Synbiotic Supplementation on Sow and Offspring Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Health, and Performance

Modeling the dietary effects on bat viral shedding and potential consequences for pathogen spillover

The Effect of Prebiotic Supplements on the Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Associated Health Parameters in Pigs

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