Effects of Dietary L-carnosine and Alpha-lipoic Acid on Growth Performance, Blood Thyroid Hormones and Lipid Profiles in Finishing Pigs

Bao, Yonghua; Gao, Chun‐qi; Hao, Wenbo; Ji, Cheng; Zhao, Lihong; Zhang, Jianyun; Liu, Tao; Ma, Qiugang

doi:10.5713/ajas.14.0604

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The present result indicated that dietary addition of L-CAR improved the ADG of pigs at the body weight of 50-75 kg, which was consistent with the result of Bao et al (16) showing dietary supplementation with carnosine presented beneficial effect on growth performance of finishing pigs. In addition, dietary L-histidine supplementation significantly decreased the ADFI of pigs compared with the L-carnosine supplementation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

β-alanine or L-carnosine prevents the development of pale, soft and exudative pork by inhibiting the glycolysis of porcinelongissimus dorsimuscle

Zhao

Chen

et al. 2020

Preprint

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16Carnosine plays an important role in regulating muscle buffering capacity and 17 glycolysis. In order to investigate the effects of dietary β-alanine, L-histidine, and L-18 carnosine supplementation on the pH value, glycolytic potential, the activities of AMP-19 activated protein kinase (AMPK) and pyruvate kinase (PK) activities in the porcine 20 longissimus dorsi muscle, a total of 60 barrows with an average body weight (BW) of 21 50.5 ± 1.7 kg were assigned into five groups which received diets containing basal diet 22 (control, CON), 0.04% β-alanine (β-ALA), 0.06% L-histidine (L-HIS), 0.04% β-23 alanine+0.06% L-histidine (β-ALA+L-HIS), or 0.1% L-carnosine (L-CAR). The results 24 showed that dietary supplementation of the combination of β-ALA and L-HIS or L-25 CAR significantly increased (P < 0.05) the average daily gain (ADG) of pigs with 50-26 75 kg BW, compared with other three groups. Compared with L-CAR group, L-HIS 27 supplementation significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the average daily feed intake (ADFI) 28 of pigs. There were no significant difference (P > 0.05) in back fat thickness and loin 29 eye area among treatments. At 0, 1 and 24 h postmortem (PM) the pH values in the 30 longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) of pigs receiving L-CAR were higher (P < 0.05) than 31 that of pigs receiving CON diet. The redness (a*) values of LM of pigs in the β-ALA+L- 32 HIS or L-CAR group were higher (P < 0.05) than those in other three groups. The 33 glycolytic potential of LM was not significantly different (P > 0.05) among treatments. 34 At 1, 24 h PM the AMPK activities in LM of pigs receiving β-ALA, β-ALA+L-HIS and 35 L-CAR were much lower (P < 0.05) than those of pigs receiving CON diet or L-HIS. 36 0.1% L-carnosine or 0.04% β-alanine supplemented to pigs' diet was effective in 37 regulating AMPK and PK activities in the porcine longissimus dorsi muscle and 38 preventing the development of pale, soft and exudative (PSE) pork. 39Keywords Carnosine · β-alanine · L-histidine ·Longissimus dorsi muscle · Glycolysis 48 Carnosine plays multiple biological functions including pH buffering, anti-oxidation, 49 anti-glycation, anti-aging, and chelation of divalent metal cations (4 ，5). Surface 50 aplication of carnosine on fresh beef steaks can reduce the oxidative damages and 51 enhance meat stability in storage by its antioxidant activity (6). Ma et al. (7) found that 52 the dietary supplementation of carnosine did not affect the growth performance and 53 carcass traits of pigs, but the addition of carnosine (100 mg/kg diet) increased the pH 54 value of muscle at 45min, 24h and 48h postmortem and decreased the drip loss at 48 h 55 postmortem. The improvement of dietary supplementation with carnosine on meat 56 quality of pigs could be attributed to its antioxidant capacity. However, little is known 57 about the effect of carnosine supplementation in swine diets on the postmortem muscle 58 physiology. Renner et al. (8) studied that carnosine may interfere with glycolysis, 59inferring from the observations that car...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

β-alanine or L-carnosine prevents the development of pale, soft and exudative pork by inhibiting the glycolysis of porcinelongissimus dorsimuscle

Zhao

Chen

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…The higher body weight gain in Cndp1 -KO mice is probably caused by higher food intake as compared to WT mice. Carnosine supplemented pigs achieve greater body weight gain together with an increased food intake [ 45 ] and carnosine treated STZ mice experience 50% less body weight loss than STZ mice without carnosine supplementation [ 42 ]. Cndp1 -KO zebra fish have increased carnosine concentrations, and exhibit less body weight gain with high-fat diet than the respective WT fish [ 46 ] and a combination of genetic variations in CNDP1 and CNDP2 were associated with obesity risk in Japanese men [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Global Cndp1-Knock-Out Selectively Increases Renal Carnosine and Anserine Concentrations in an Age- and Gender-Specific Manner in Mice

Weigand

Colbatzky

Pfeffer

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Carnosinase 1 (CN1) is encoded by the Cndp1 gene and degrades carnosine and anserine, two natural histidine-containing dipeptides. In vitro and in vivo studies suggest carnosine- and anserine-mediated protection against long-term sequelae of reactive metabolites accumulating, e.g., in diabetes mellitus. We have characterized the metabolic impact of CN1 in 11- and 55-week-old Cndp1-knockout (Cndp1-KO) mice and litter-matched wildtypes (WT). In Cndp1-KO mice, renal carnosine and anserine concentrations were gender-specifically increased 2- to 9-fold, respectively in the kidney and both most abundant in the renal cortex, but remained unchanged in all other organs and in serum. Renal oxidized/reduced glutathione concentrations, renal morphology and function were unaltered. In Cndp1-KO mice at week 11, renal asparagine, serine and glutamine levels and at week 55, renal arginine concentration were reduced. Renal heat-shock-protein 70 (Hspa1a/b) mRNA declined with age in WT but not in Cndp1-KO mice, transcription factor heat-shock-factor 1 was higher in 55-week-old KO mice. Fasting blood glucose concentrations decreased with age in WT mice, but were unchanged in Cndp1-KO mice. Blood glucose response to intraperitoneal insulin was gender- but not genotype-dependent, the response to intraperitoneal glucose injection was similar in all groups. A global Cndp1-KO selectively, age- and gender-specifically, increases renal carnosine and anserine concentrations, alters renal amino acid- and HSP70 profile and modifies systemic glucose homeostasis. Increase of the natural occurring carnosine and anserine levels in the kidney by modulation of CN1 represents a promising therapeutic approach to mitigate or prevent chronic kidney diseases such as diabetic nephropathy.

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“…Two recent papers have attracted the interest of the swine industry on the advantages of increasing muscle carnosine to improve pigs growing performances and meat quality. In the first paper, dietary supplementation of carnosine was found to increase pigs average daily gain, average daily feed intake and live weight [ 12 ] and, in the second paper, pigs with high muscle carnosine content had improved water holding capacity and meat color values [ 13 ]. The oxidative status of pigs skeletal muscle can greatly impact meat quality and carnosine was recently reported to improve the antioxidant capacity in skeletal muscles of pigs supplemented with carnosine [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The importance of satellite/myoblast cells proliferation and fusion in supporting hypertrophy of existing muscle fibers during postnatal growth was demonstrated recently [ 15 ] as well as their key roles in muscle regeneration [ 16 ]. The carnosine ability to improve pig growing performances [ 12 ] could be explained, at least in part, by its effect on myoblasts replicative capacity. This was indeed demonstrated by Maier et al [ 17 ] reporting an increase in human myoblasts proliferation after addition of carnosine, 30 days upon establishment of cell cultures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of intracellular molecular mechanisms modulated by carnosine in porcine myoblasts under basal and oxidative stress conditions

et al. 2020

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Carnosine is a naturally occurring histidine-containing dipeptide present at high concentration in mammalian skeletal muscles. Carnosine was shown to affect muscle contraction, prevent the accumulation of oxidative metabolism by-products and act as an intracellular proton buffer maintaining the muscle acid-base balance. The present study was undertaken to gain additional knowledge about the intracellular mechanisms activated by carnosine in porcine myoblast cells under basal and oxidative stress conditions. Satellite cells were isolated from the skeletal muscles of 3 to 4 day-old piglets to study the effect of 0, 10, 25 and 50 mM carnosine pre-treatments in cells that were exposed (0.3 mM H 2 O 2) or not to an H 2 O 2-induced oxidative stress. Study results demonstrated that carnosine acts differently in myoblasts under oxidative stress and in basal conditions, the only exception being with the reduction of reactive oxygen species and protein carbonyls observed in both experimental conditions with carnosine pre-treatment. In oxidative stress conditions, carnosine pre-treatment increased the mRNA abundance of the nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (NEF2L2) transcription factor and several of its downstream genes known to reduce H 2 O 2. Carnosine prevented the H 2 O 2-mediated activation of p38 MAPK in oxidative stress conditions, whereas it triggered the activation of mTOR under basal conditions. Current results support the protective effect of carnosine against oxidative damage in porcine myoblast cells, an effect that would be mediated through the p38 MAPK intracellular signaling pathway. The activation of the mTOR signaling pathway under basal condition also suggest a role for carnosine in myoblasts proliferation, growth and survival.

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Effects of Dietary L-carnosine and Alpha-lipoic Acid on Growth Performance, Blood Thyroid Hormones and Lipid Profiles in Finishing Pigs

Cited by 15 publications

References 28 publications

β-alanine or L-carnosine prevents the development of pale, soft and exudative pork by inhibiting the glycolysis of porcinelongissimus dorsimuscle

β-alanine or L-carnosine prevents the development of pale, soft and exudative pork by inhibiting the glycolysis of porcinelongissimus dorsimuscle

A Global Cndp1-Knock-Out Selectively Increases Renal Carnosine and Anserine Concentrations in an Age- and Gender-Specific Manner in Mice

Characterisation of intracellular molecular mechanisms modulated by carnosine in porcine myoblasts under basal and oxidative stress conditions

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