Effects of Dietary Inclusion of Ginger (Zingiber Officinale) and Garlic (Allium Sativum) Oil (GGO) Mixtures on Carcass Characteristics and Sensory Evalaution of Broiler Chickens

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to assess the influence of GGO on carcass features and sensory assessment of broiler chickens. 120 1-day-old (Arbo acre) birds were separated into five treatments, each with three replicates of 8 birds. Throughout the 8-week trial, clean feed and water were available at all times. NRC's basal diet was designed to suit avian nutritional needs (1994). A 0% GGO meal was given to the birds in treatment 1, whereas GGO levels of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 percent were given to the birds in treatments 2, 3, 4, and 5. As well as studying the phytochemical content of (Zingiber officinale) and garlic (Allium sativum) oil, carcass and organ features of birds were also studied. Zingiber officinale contains phenols (8.21%), alkaloids (5.12%), flavonoids (7.49%), tannins (6.52%), saponins (3.18%), streiods (2.38%), glycosides (0.18%), oxalates (0.07%), and phytate (0.07%). (0.02 %). Sativum contains flavonoids (10.67%) alkaloids (7.02%) tannins (4.72%) steroids (3.65%) saponin (2) glycoside (0.33%) oxalates (0.26%) and phytate (0.26%). (0.05 %). Dressing %, carcass and relative organ weights differed across treatments (P0.05). The liver, kidney, spleen, and other internal organs showed no signs of inflammation. GGO altered meat sensory assessment (tenderness, juiciness, taste, and fragrance) except meat color which was not significantly (P0.05) different across treatments. GGO may be fed to broilers up to 0.4 percent without affecting their health or performance.

Bioactive compounds in ethanolic extract of <em>Strychnos innocua</em> root using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS)

“…They can also be used traditionally for the treatment of various ailments such as cold, cough, gastrointestinal disease, skin disease, respiratory disease, malaria, typhoid and snake bites (Nascimento et al, 2000) [42] . Bioactive compounds are mostly secondary metabolites produced by plants via subsidiary pathways and are used by plants for growth, or defense against pathogens (Okeke et al, 2001;Narayani et al, 2012) [43,45,12] . Secondary metabolites in Strychnos innocua ethanolic root extract using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (Table 1) reveals that it is largely contains α-Cubebene (20.09%), Dibutyl benzene -1,2dicarboxylate (10.17%), β-Elemenone (10.02%), 4-Methoxy-2-nitroformanilide (7.21%), 1-Methyl cyclopropane methanol (5.96%), 1,3 propanediol, 2-ethyl 2-hydroxymethyl (3.71%), Azelaic acid (2.87%), Glycidol stearate (2.85%), Chloromethyl 2chlorodecanoate (2.83%) and γ-terpinene (2.56%) respectively.…”

“…These dissimilarity can be ascribed to processing or extraction procedures employed, parts of plant used, species, geographical location, age of plant as well as method of harvesting (Omokore and Alagbe, 2019; Hoet et al, 2006) [17,30] . The presence of phytochemicals in Strychnos innocua ethanolic root extract reveals that it has the ability to scavenge toxic chemicals in the body, inhibit the activities of pathogenic bacteria in the gut of animals, thus enhancing the absorption of nutrient as well as enhances the activities of enzymes Narayani et al, 2012) [12,45] .…”

“…According to WHO (1996) [39] about 80% of the population in developing countries rely on medicinal plants for the treatment of various ailments. There are over 2000 medicinal plants with high potential that are yet to be explored (Oluwafemi et al, 2020) [12] . Bioactive compounds from these medicinal plants can perform an anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, immune-stimulatory, analgesics, antibacterial, anti-proliferative, cytotoxic and hepato-protective, antipyretic, antihelminthic, antiprotozoal, anti-depressant, anti-tumor, anti-fibrotic and hypolipidemic properties Olafadehan et al, 2021; [4,16,[10][11] and could also aid in the discovery of drugs (Vasquez et al, 2017;Hirotani et al, 1991;Muritala et al, 2022) [7,29,3] .…”

Evaluation of Non-Fermented and Fermented Chinese Chive Juice as an Alternative to Antibiotic Growth Promoters of Broilers

“…In addition, when garlic bulbs or garlic husks were added to broilers, there was no effect on the cooking loss of chicken meat, but it had a significant effect on pH [ 67 ]. However, Oluwafemi et al [ 68 ] reported that the addition of a garlic and ginger mixture did not significantly affect the color of chicken meat, and in another study, the addition of onion extract did not affect chicken quality [ 69 ]. In our study, unlike other plants of the genus Allium , the addition of CCs did not significantly affect the quality of the chicken meat.…”

Effect of Dietary Inclusion Levels of Moringa Olerifera Oil on the Growth Performance and Nutrient Retention of Broiler Starter Chicks

“…Previous report has shown that essential oils is capable of enhancing the growth performance, feed conversion ratio, carcass meat safety and quality in animals [25][26][27][28]. Besides enhancing performance, essential oils also have anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial and hepato-protective and immune-modulatory property due to the presence of several phytochemicals embedded in them [29].…”