Effects of dietaryn-6:n-3 PUFA ratio on fatty acid composition, free amino acid profile and gene expression of transporters in finishing pigs

Abstract

Revealing the expression patterns of fatty acid and amino acid transporters as affected by dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio would be useful for further clarifying the importance of the balance between n-6 and n-3 PUFA. A total of ninety-six finishing pigs were fed one of four diets with the ratio of 1:1, 2·5:1, 5:1 and 10:1. Pigs fed the dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio of 5:1 had the highest (P,0·05) daily weight gain, and those fed the dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio of 1:1 had the largest loin muscle area (P,0·01). The concentration of n-3 PUFA was raised as the ratio declined (P,0·05) in the longissimus dorsi and subcutaneous adipose tissue. The contents of tryptophan, tasty amino acids and branchedchain amino acids in the longissimus dorsi were enhanced in pigs fed the dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 1:1-5:1. The mRNA expression level of the fatty acid transporter fatty acid transport protein-1 (FATP-1) was declined (P,0·05) in the longissimus dorsi of pigs fed the dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 1:1-5:1, and increased (P, 0·05) in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of pigs fed the dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 5:1 and 10:1. The expression profile of FATP-4 was similar to those of FATP-1 in the adipose tissue. The mRNA expression level of the amino acid transceptors LAT1 and SNAT2 was up-regulated (P,0·05) in the longissimus dorsi of pigs fed the dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 1:1 and 2·5:1. In conclusion, maintaining the dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 1:1-5:1 would facilitate the absorption and utilisation of fatty acids and free amino acids, and result in improved muscle and adipose composition.

Influence of outdoor rearing and oleic acid supplementation on lipid characteristics of muscle and adipose tissues from obese Alentejano pigs

“…This increased uptake could have been used as a substrate by HSL, a rate limiting enzyme responsible for hydrolysis of TAG and importing esters of FA to mitochondria for β‐oxidation (Peffer, Lin, & Odle, ). In fact, the expression level of HSL was 159% higher in OUT‐reared pigs, which could be related to an enhanced lipolysis (Li et al., ). On the other hand, FABP3 expression, positively associated with transport of FA into intracellular trafficking (Zhao et al., ), although 16% higher in OUT‐ than in IND‐reared pigs (data not shown), did not attain statistical significance.…”

Effects of different n‐6 to n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio on reproductive performance, fecal microbiota and nutrient digestibility of gestation‐lactating sows and suckling piglets

“…The sows needed to increase the metabolic rate of body reserves to maintain health and survival, which leads to an increased back fat thickness loss (Muhlhausler et al 2011). Also, Li et al (2015) reported that the n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios had no effect (P < 0.05) on back fat thickness in finishing pigs. In our study, no differences were found on sow back fat thickness loss among dietary treatments.…”

Physico-chemical quality attributes and fatty acid profiles of pork from Windsnyer and Large White gilts

“…Previous studies have shown that dietary n-6 : n-3 ratio affects the fatty acid profile of the resultant muscle and fat tissues (Huang et al, 2008;Li et al, 2015). A high n-6 : n-3 proportion is undesirable for consumer health.…”