Effects of dietary highly unsaturated fatty acids and astaxanthin on the fecundity and lipid content of pond-reared Penaeus monodon (Fabricius) broodstock

Abstract

Five diets that contained fresh squid meat as the basic constituent and were supplemented with different amounts of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) and astaxanthin were fed to pond‐reared Penaeus monodon broodstock. Diet A was sole squid meat. Diets B and C were supplemented with astaxanthin 50 and 100 mg kg−1 respectively. Diets D and E were supplemented with HUFA 5 and 10 g kg−1 and astaxanthin 50 mg kg−1 respectively. The result showed that the group fed diet E had the best reproductive performance in all experimental groups. It had a higher proportion of spawns (71.5%), spawning rate (0.047), a shorter latency period (7.7±0.3 d), higher absolute fecundity (× 103) (361.6±5.5) and egg production/female (× 103) (597.0±18.0) than all the other experimental groups. The fatty acid composition in broodstock diets strongly affected the tissue and fecundity of broodstock. Good correlations between the content of 20:4n‐6 in eggs and the fecundity (r2=0.6109) and egg production (r2=0.9876) of broodstock were found. On the other hand, 22:6n‐3 and DHA/EPA ratio was negatively correlated with the fecundity of broodstock (r2=0.5362, 0.8702 respectively). The result also showed that the balance between n‐3 and n‐6 fatty acid families, total polyunsaturated fatty acids and total saturated fatty acid and 20:5n‐3 (EPA) and 22:6n‐3 (DHA) may play vital roles in maturation and reproductive performance of P. monodon broodstock.

Role of Arachidonic Acid and COX Inhibitors in the Regulation of Reproduction in Freshwater Crab Oziothelphusa senex senex

“…The occurrence of eicosanoids and their precursors have been identified in various invertebrates [1,2]. The presence of AA has been also identified in different crustaceans such as kuruma prawns, Penaeus japonicus and Marsupenaeus japonicus [3,4], green tiger prawn Penaeus semisulcatus [5], shrimps Penaeus monodon [6,7], Litopenaeus vannamei [8] and Penaeus merguiensis [9]. Furthermore, the presence of prostaglandins PGE 2 and PGF 2α were reported in Procambarus paeninsulanus [10], Marsupenaeus japonicus [4] and Penaeus monodon [11], whereas, only PGE 2 was reported in Carcinus maenas [12].…”

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“…Diets deficient in n-3 HUFA displayed a negative effect on ovarian development, fecundity, and egg quality (Wouters et al, 1999). Huang et al (2008) also found that in P. monodon broodstock fed with diets containing the highest levels of AA, EPA, DHA, and n3:n6 ratio resulted in the highest fertilization, hatch rates, and spawning frequency. In this study, the AA, DHA, and EPA contents were not significantly different between the wild worms and the group of sandworms that were fed on red algae (P>0.05).…”

“…There have been many recent studies documenting the nutritional benefits of polychaetes for aquaculture species. These benefits include satisfactory food intake and reproductive performance in broodstock sole (Cardinaletti et al, 2009), provision of PUFAs like AA, EPA, DHA, and the high n3:n6 ratio that help in fertilization, hatch rates, and spawning frequency in penaeid shrimp broodstock (Huang et al, 2008). …”

Improving the Reproductive Performance of Domesticated Giant Tiger Shrimp, Penaeus monodon

“…series II prostaglandin) have significant roles in the onset of maturation, stimulation and sequestration of egg yolk and development of essential cellular machinery such as cortical rods in P. monodon (Wouters et al, 2001a, Meunpol et al, 2010, Wimuttisuk et al, 2013. It has previously been reported that the ARA:EPA ratio in mature ovaries of wild P. monodon range from 0.3-0.6 (Crocos, 1997, Marsden et al, 1991, D'Souza and Kelly, 2000, Wouters et al, 2001a, Huang et al, 2008, whilst the diet used by Coman et al (2011) contained a ARA:EPA ratio of 0.5 and resulted in a ratio of 0.57 in spawned eggs. In the present study, the ARA:EPA ratio within ovarian tissue declined from 0.55 to 0.41 between first and second spawn, suggesting that the production and utilization of ARA was limiting in this study, despite the use of current 'best practice' feeding regimes.…”

“…For many fish and crustacean species, ARA forms a significant fraction of the lipid present within reproductive tissues. Its presence has been linked to variation in maturation frequency, oocyte development, egg production and larval health (Millamena et al, 1993, Cahu et al, 1995b, Furuita et al, 2003, Mazorra et al, 2003, Meunpol et al, 2005, Huang et al, 2008, Coman et al, 2011, Ginjupalli et al, 2015, Ogata et al, 2004, Salze et al, 2005. Within most freshfrozen maturation shrimp broodstock maturation diets, polychaete worms (e.g.…”