Effects of dietary grape pomace on the intestinal microbiota and growth performance of weaned piglets

Wang, Rui; Yu, Hao; Fang, Hengtong; Jin, Yongcheng; Zhao, Yun; Shen, Jinglin; Zhou, Changhai; Li, Ruihua; Wang, Junmei; Fu, Yurong; Zhang, Jing

doi:10.1080/1745039x.2020.1743607

Cited by 20 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Balanced intestinal flora are important for the growth and health of piglets; the intestinal flora may range from simple to complex and will gradually stabilize with age (27,28). The most important beneficial effect of endogenous microflora is the creation of a barrier that makes it more difficult for exogenous pathogenic bacteria to colonize the gastrointestinal tract, which is a phenomenon known as colonization resistance (29).…”

Section: Bacterial Numbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the antimicrobial peptide WK3 on diarrhea, growth performance and intestinal health of weaned piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88

Zhang

Guo

Zhan

et al. 2021

Food & Nutrition Research

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Background: Antibiotics are very effective for treating diarrhea in weaned pigs, but the global prohibition of antibiotics makes it urgent to find an alternative to antibiotics. Objective: An experiment was conducted to determine the antimicrobial activity of a linear trpzip-like β-hairpin antimicrobial peptide WK3 in vivo and to assess its effects on growth performance and intestinal health. Design: Thirty-two piglets were weaned at 21 days and housed in individual metabolic cages, which were randomly divided into four groups and were maintained on a corn-soybean meal-based basal diet. Group 1 included a blank group. Groups 2, 3, and 4 were orally infected by feeding with Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88, which was followed by saline treatment (group 2), enrofloxacin injection at a dose of 2.5 mg/ kg (group 3), and WK3 injection at a dose of 2 mg/kg (group 4). The experiment lasted for 6 days, and feed and water were provided ad libitum. Results: Both WK3 and enrofloxacin effectively attenuated diarrhea and improved growth performance of piglets. Compared with the control group, WK3 significantly improved the villus height in the ileum (P < 0.05) but did not affect the villus height in the duodenum or jejunum. Additionally, we did not observe any obvious difference in crypt depth or villus height/crypt depth among the duodenum, jejunum and ileum (P > 0.05). WK3 also reduced the numbers of Enterococcus spp (P < 0.01) in the cecal contents, and the number of Enterobacterium spp tended to decrease (0.05 < P < 0.1). Moreover, the jejunal mucosa of the WK3 group exhibited lower interleukin-1α (IL-1a; P < 0.01), toll-like receptors-4 (TLR-4; P < 0.05), and myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88; P < 0.01) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression levels. The jejunum of the WK3 group also exhibited an increased antioxidant capacity, reduced concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA; P < 0.05), and enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (P < 0.05). Conclusions: WK3 has the potential to replace antibiotics as a new generation feed additive.

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Section: Bacterial Numbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the antimicrobial peptide WK3 on diarrhea, growth performance and intestinal health of weaned piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88

Zhang

Guo

Zhan

et al. 2021

Food & Nutrition Research

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“…It is therefore imperative to investigate the effect of a lower inclusion level of GP, particularly in comparison to antibiotics. At the intestinal level, the use of grape by-products showed modulatory effects on gut morphology in the duodenal mucosa of pigs ( Gressner et al, 2013 ; Wang et al, 2020 ) and the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Clostridia, Campylobacter, Salmonella , and Helicobacter pylori ( Viveros et al, 2011 ; Chamorro et al., 2019 ; Nardoia et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary grape pomace – effects on growth performance, intestinal health, blood parameters, and breast muscle myopathies of broiler chickens

et al. 2022

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The search for alternatives to antibiotics in poultry production is still on-going and has been directed towards investigation of the efficacy of different potential alternatives. However, it is important that the sought alternatives are cost-efficient and have no negative impact on meat quality, for ease of adoption and profit maximization. This study aimed at exploiting an agro-industrial waste, grape pomace ( GP ) as an alternative to in-feed antibiotics and assessing the effects on growth, intestinal morphology, ceca microbiota, ceca short-chain fatty acid ( SCFA ) concentration, blood biochemical parameters, and breast muscle myopathies of broiler chickens. A total of 576 one-day-old Cobb-500 broiler chicks were randomly allotted to 3 dietary treatments – Negative control ( NC , a corn-wheat soybean-based diet), NC + 0.05% bacitracin methylene disalicylate ( BMD ), and NC + 2.5% GP. Each treatment was assigned to 8 replicate pens with 25 birds per pen. Body weight ( BW ), feed intake ( FI ), and feed conversion ratio ( FCR ) were determined weekly. On d 36, 2 chickens/pen were euthanized for measuring blood biochemical parameters, ceca SCFA, and ceca microbiota. White striping ( WS ) and wooden breast ( WB ) incidence were assessed in 4 chickens/pen on d 42. The GP diet increased ( P < 0.05) average FI throughout the feeding phases compared to the other treatments, but overall FCR was similar. Birds in the GP treatment had higher ( P < 0.05) villus height ( VH ) and increased VH:crypt depth ratio in the duodenum and jejunum compared to other treatments. The level of ceca SCFA and the incidence of WS and WB was the same for all treatments. Plasma Ca and P were significantly higher ( P < 0.05) in birds fed GP and BMD, compared to the NC. Birds in the GP treatment had significantly reduced ( P < 0.05) plasma aspartate transaminase than other treatments. Birds receiving GP had a higher ( P < 0.05) relative abundance of the phylum Bacteroidetes and reduced ( P < 0.05) Firmicutes compared to other treatments. The relative abundance of Bacteroides and Lactobacillus genera were higher ( P < 0.05) among birds fed GP compared to other treatments. Inclusion of 2.5% GP in broiler chicken diets improved gut morphology and modified the cecal bacterial community and blood biochemical profiles with no adverse effect on growth performance and meat quality.

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“…In recent years, new reports on the use of pomace to develop new feed resources to alleviate the shortage of feed resources for pig breeding have continued to emerge ( 17 – 22 ). Previous experiments by our research group proved that adding 2% grape pomace to the diet of weaned piglets could improve ADG, ADFI and the gain/feed ratio, but the effect was not significant ( 23 ). Sung Dae LEE et al fed growing-finishing pigs diets supplemented with 2%-6% fermentable apple pomace for 5 weeks and found that adding 2% fermented apple pomace to the diet could significantly improve the final body weight, daily gain, feed intake and feed efficiency of pigs, while adding 4 and 6% fermented apple pomace significantly improved ADFI and pork quality ( 24 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In terms of regulating the immune response of the body, Gajic et al have shown that the oral administration of an AM extract to healthy mice upregulated the phagocytic activity of their intestinal macrophages and significantly increased the proportion of T and B lymphocytes, while in vitro experiments showed enhanced splenocyte viability following AM extract treatment ( 28 ). Adding 4% fermented grape dregs to the diet of weaned piglets significantly increased the IgG content in the serum of piglets ( 23 ). The results showed that different levels of AMP significantly increased the IgG and IgM contents in pig serum, and the effect of adding 8% AMP on the IgA and IgM contents was higher than that of the 4% AMP treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Aronia melanocarpa Pomace Supplementation Enhances the Expression of ZO-1 and Occludin and Promotes Intestinal Development in Pigs

et al. 2022

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A fruit juice production byproduct, Aronia melanocarpa pomace (AMP) is rich in natural polyphenol antioxidant components. The objectives of this study were to study the effects of dietary AMP supplementation on the feeding outcome and intestinal barrier function of pigs. In total, 27 growing pigs (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire, ~60 days, average weight of 27.77 ± 2.87 kg, males and females included at random) were randomly allotted to 3 treatment groups, with 3 repetitions per group and 3 pigs per repetition. At the experiment completion, 2 pigs (close to the average body weight of all experimental pigs) per replicate were slaughtered. The control group (CON group) was fed a basic diet, and the experimental groups were fed 4% (4% AMP group) and 8% (8% AMP group) AMP in the basic diet. These pigs were prefed for 3 days, and the formal experiments were performed for 7 weeks. The results showed that compared with the CON diet, the 4% AMP supplementation significantly increased the average daily gain of pigs (P < 0.05). Regarding intestinal development, 4% AMP significantly increased the jejunal villus height/crypt depth ratio (P < 0.05), and different AMP levels had no significant effect on the pig cecum morphology. Different AMP levels significantly decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria (P < 0.05). Regarding other microbial genera, 4% AMP supplementation significantly increased the levels of Lachnospira, Solobacterium, Romboutsia and other beneficial microorganisms (P < 0.05). Different AMP levels significantly decreased the relative abundances of the opportunistic pathogens Escherichia-Shigella and Pseudoscardovia (P < 0.05) and increased the contents of acetic acid and butyric acid in the pig cecal contents (P < 0.05). Compared with the CON treatment, 4% AMP supplementation significantly downregulated the jejunal gene expression of porcine proinflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α) and significantly upregulated the jejunal gene expression of ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin-1 (P < 0.05). In conclusion, 4% AMP supplementation in feed is beneficial to overall pig health and growth.

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Effects of dietary grape pomace on the intestinal microbiota and growth performance of weaned piglets

Cited by 20 publications

References 36 publications

Effects of the antimicrobial peptide WK3 on diarrhea, growth performance and intestinal health of weaned piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88

Effects of the antimicrobial peptide WK3 on diarrhea, growth performance and intestinal health of weaned piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88

Dietary grape pomace – effects on growth performance, intestinal health, blood parameters, and breast muscle myopathies of broiler chickens

Dietary Aronia melanocarpa Pomace Supplementation Enhances the Expression of ZO-1 and Occludin and Promotes Intestinal Development in Pigs

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