Effects of Dietary Fibres on Acute Indomethacin-Induced Intestinal Hyperpermeability in the Elderly: A Randomised Placebo Controlled Parallel Clinical Trial

Mall, John Peter Ganda; Fart, Frida; Sabet, Julia A.; Lindqvist, Carl Mårten; Nestestog, Ragnhild; Hegge, Finn Terje; Keita, Åsa V.; Brummer, Robert Jan; Schoultz, Ida

doi:10.3390/nu12071954

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…The full texts of the 33 remaining studies were examined to determine their eligibility, and 10 studies were excluded. Finally, 23 RCTs were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis (16)(17)(18)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45). The detailed workflow is shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Search Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Oats (Avena sativa L.) on Inflammation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

et al. 2021

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Background: Oat and its compounds have been found to have anti-inflammatory effects. Through this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to determine an evidence-based link between oat consumption and inflammatory markers.Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. By the end of April 2021, we included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of oat and oat-related products through screening PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ClinicalTrial.gov, and CENTRAL. Meta-analysis was conducted with a random-effect model on the standardized mean difference (SMD) of the change scores of inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8). Subgroup analyses were conducted to stratify confounding variables. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias tool and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was applied to report the quality of evidence. This study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42021245844).Results: Systematic screening of five databases yielded 4,119 studies, of which 23 RCTs were finally selected. For the four systemic inflammatory markers analyzed, no significant alterations were found after oat consumption. However, oat intake was found to significantly decrease CRP levels in subjects with one or more health complications (SMD: −0.18; 95% CI: −0.36, 0.00; P = 0.05; I2 = 10%). Furthermore, IL-6 levels were significantly decreased in subjects with dyslipidemia (SMD = −0.34; 95% CI: −0.59, −0.10; P = 0.006; I2 = 0%). These beneficial effects might be attributed to the effects of avenanthramide and β-glucan.Conclusions: Overall evidence supporting the alleviation of inflammatory response by oat intake was poor, calling for future studies including a larger sample size to confirm the findings.

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Section: Search Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Oats (Avena sativa L.) on Inflammation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

et al. 2021

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“…These results also suggest that MACs have beneficial effects on the intestinal barrier. Nevertheless, whether MAC supplementation is really recommended to maintain intestinal health including barrier function is not confirmed yet since some clinical studies show beneficial effects of fructo-oligosaccharides and polydextrose on intestinal barrier function in healthy subjects or patients of pancreatitis [ 82 , 83 ], but administration of oat β-glucan, arabinoxylan (soluble hemicellulose) do not show significant effects on acute indomethacin-induced intestinal hyperpermeability [ 84 , 85 ]. Oligofructose-enriched inulin also does not improve intestinal barrier function effective in the patients of celiac disease [ 84 , 85 ].…”

Section: Dietary Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaky Gut: Effect of Dietary Fiber and Fats on Microbiome and Intestinal Barrier

Usuda

Okamoto

Wada

2021

IJMS

122

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Intestinal tract is the boundary that prevents harmful molecules from invading into the mucosal tissue, followed by systemic circulation. Intestinal permeability is an index for intestinal barrier integrity. Intestinal permeability has been shown to increase in various diseases—not only intestinal inflammatory diseases, but also systemic diseases, including diabetes, chronic kidney dysfunction, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Chronic increase of intestinal permeability is termed ‘leaky gut’ which is observed in the patients and animal models of these diseases. This state often correlates with the disease state. In addition, recent studies have revealed that gut microbiota affects intestinal and systemic heath conditions via their metabolite, especially short-chain fatty acids and lipopolysaccharides, which can trigger leaky gut. The etiology of leaky gut is still unknown; however, recent studies have uncovered exogenous factors that can modulate intestinal permeability. Nutrients are closely related to intestinal health and permeability that are actively investigated as a hot topic of scientific research. Here, we will review the effect of nutrients on intestinal permeability and microbiome for a better understanding of leaky gut and a possible mechanism of increase in intestinal permeability.

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“…Hence, we applied a wash-out period of one week, as by this time cortisol levels should be back to normal [ 36 , 38 ] and barrier function should be re-established [ 2 , 39 , 40 ]. Indeed, at the control visit, salivary cortisol levels as well as intestinal permeability at the control visit were in the normal range [ 20 , 41 ]. This was also the case for I-FABP, L-FABP, and LBP [ 30 , 32 , 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short intense psychological stress induced by skydiving does not impair intestinal barrier function

et al. 2021

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Background and aim Psychological stress has been shown to increase intestinal permeability and is associated with the development of gastrointestinal disorders. This study aimed to investigate skydiving as an alternative model to analyse the effect of acute psychological stress on intestinal barrier function. Materials and methods Twenty healthy subjects participated in a tandem skydive followed by a negative control visit, of which 19 (9 females and 10 males, 25.9 ± 3.7 years) were included in the study. Intestinal permeability was assessed by a multi-sugar urinary recovery test. Sucrose recovery and lactulose/rhamnose ratio in 0-5h urine indicated gastroduodenal and small intestinal permeability, respectively, and sucralose/erythritol ratio in 5-24h urine indicated colonic permeability. Blood samples were taken to assess markers associated with barrier function. This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03644979) on August 23, 2018. Results Skydiving resulted in a significant increase in salivary cortisol levels directly after skydiving compared to the control visit. Cortisol levels were still increased two hours after landing, while cortisol levels before skydiving were not significantly different from the baseline at the control visit. Skydiving did not induce a significant increase in gastroduodenal, small intestinal or colonic permeability. There was also no significant increase in plasma intestinal and liver fatty acid-binding proteins, suggesting no damage to the enterocytes. Discussion These results show that the acute intense psychological stress induced by skydiving does not affect intestinal permeability in healthy subjects. Future models aiming to investigate the effect of stress on human intestinal barrier function should consider a more sustained exposure to the psychological stressor.

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Effects of Dietary Fibres on Acute Indomethacin-Induced Intestinal Hyperpermeability in the Elderly: A Randomised Placebo Controlled Parallel Clinical Trial

Cited by 27 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of Oats (Avena sativa L.) on Inflammation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Effects of Oats (Avena sativa L.) on Inflammation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Leaky Gut: Effect of Dietary Fiber and Fats on Microbiome and Intestinal Barrier

Short intense psychological stress induced by skydiving does not impair intestinal barrier function

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