Effects of dietary fat type and energy restriction on adipose tissue fatty acid composition and leptin production in rats

Hynes, Geoffrey R.; Heshka, Jode T.; Chadee, Kris; Jones, Peter J.H.

doi:10.1194/jlr.m200318-jlr200

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This present fi nding is, moreover, in keeping with the generally accepted concept that plasma-leptin levels correlate positively with the amount of body adipose tissue and with adipocyte size [Hynes et al, 2003]. Whereas the hypothalamus is considered the principal site of action for leptin, the anterior pituitary would be an additional target organ for the hormone [Cai and Hyde, 1999].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Relationship between Pituitary and Adipose Tissue after Hypothalamic Denervation in the Female Rat

Camihort

Dumm

Luna

et al. 2005

Cells Tissues Organs

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Neonatal administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) to rats produces severe lesions in certain hypothalamic nuclei, with repercussions in different neuroendocrine axes, and serves as a model for their study. In addition, adipose tissue, as a target organ, is known to be directly related to several neurondocrine axes. We used 21-day-old female Sprague-Dawley rats that had received a neonatal treatment with MSG (4 mg/g body weight, i.p., from day 2 up to day 10 of age) in addition to control rats (injected with 10% NaCl solution, on a similar schedule). We performed a specific immunohistochemical study on each anterior-pituitary cell population, along with the morphometry of these cells and of the parietal and visceral adipose tissue, and measured the levels of serum leptin and triglycerides. The MSG animals evinced significant changes in volume density (VD), cell density (CD), and cell size (CS) in the corticotropes, thyrotropes, and LH gonadotropes, but not in the somatotropes, lactotropes, and FSH gonadotropes. The modification common to the three cell types was a hyperplasia, but with different results depending on cell size. Furthermore, in the MSG rats significant changes were also observed in the VD, CD, and CS of the adipose tissue, consisting of adipogenesis and decrease of adipocyte size in visceral fat, together with probable lipogenesis as judged by an increase in adipocyte size in the parietal fat. The serum levels of leptin and triglycerides appeared significantly higher in MSG animals. For the first time in this animal model, and at the level of three neuroendocrine axes, our results suggest changes that correlate hypothalamic damage, cellular pituitary alterations, and the response of the adipose tissue as a target organ for MSG insult.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Relationship between Pituitary and Adipose Tissue after Hypothalamic Denervation in the Female Rat

Camihort

Dumm

Luna

et al. 2005

Cells Tissues Organs

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“…Por outro lado, Sankar et al (2006), mesmo utilizando o óleo de gergelim, rico em ácidos graxos polinsaturados, observaram diminuição do peso e IMC em pacientes hipertensos. Neste caso, o consumo de ácidos graxos polinsaturados pode ter aumentado os níveis de leptina no plasma, o que por sua vez pode ter facilitado à redução do peso (Hynes et al, 2003).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Efeito do uso da farinha desengordurada do Sesamum indicum L nos níveis glicêmicos em diabéticas tipo 2

Figueiredo¹,

Modesto-Filho²

2008

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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RESUMO:Existe um incremento nas pesquisas de plantas e grãos com atividades hipoglicemiantes para prevenção e terapêutica do Diabetes Mellitus, que aumenta em grandes proporções mundialmente. Este estudo avalia o efeito do uso da farinha desengordurada do Sesamum indicum L. nos níveis glicêmicos de diabéticas tipo II submetidas a tratamento dietoterápico. Ensaio clínico controlado e aberto, em dois grupos, experimental (GE) e controle (GC) com avaliação na linha de base (AB), aos 30 (A-30) e 60 dias (A-60). As características gerais não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos. Observou-se diferença estatística signifi cativa na glicemia de jejum (GJ) (p = 0,004) na AB, na GJ (p = 0,002) e peso (p = 0,020) na A30, e apenas no peso (p = 0,011) na A60. Nas glicemias pós-prandiais (GP) e hemoglobinas glicosiladas não houve diferença estatística em nenhuma das avaliações entre os grupos. Evidenciou-se diferença estatística entre a AB -A30 em relação ao peso nos dois grupos, e na AB -A60 na GP (p = 0,04) e peso (p = 0,01) no GE, mas apenas no peso (p = 0,03) no GC. A farinha de gergelim contribuiu no controle glicêmico e no peso em pacientes diabéticas, de forma econômica, saborosa e saudável.Unitermos: Sesamum indicum, Pedaliaceae, farinha, diabetes, atividade hipoglicemiante, plantas medicinais, produtos naturais, nutracêutico.ABSTRACT: "Effect of defatted sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) fl our on the blood glucose level in type 2 diabetic women". There is an increment in the researches on plants and whole grains with hypoglycemic activity in order to prevent and treat Diabetes Mellitus which has increased rapidly on serious proportions all over the world. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of defatted Sesamum indicum L. fl our on blood glucose level in type 2 diabetic women on diet therapy. A controlled and open-label clinical trial, with two groups, experimental group (GE) and control group (GC) were evaluated at the basal line (AB), at thirty day (A-30) and sixty day (A-60). The general characteristics in both groups were similar. There was a signifi cant difference at fasting glucose level (GJ) (p = 0.004) on AB, GJ (p = 0.002) and weight (p = 0.020) on A-30, and only weight (p = 0.011) on A-60. There was no signifi cant difference at postprandial glucose level (GP) and glycosylated hemoglobin level at all the evaluation between the groups. There was a signifi cant difference between AB -A-30 of weight in two groups, and AB -A-60 of GP (p = 0.04) and weight (p = 0.01) on GE, but only of weight (p = 0.03) on GC. The defatted sesame contributed to the glycemic control and weight in diabetic women in a cheap, tasty and healthy manner.

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“…The hypophagia is due in part to the energy density of HFD (20.48 kJ/g) as compared with the chow diet (13.40 kJ/g). Together with this, high-fat diets rich in SFA would exert a control over appetite through an increase in the release of cholecystokinin and leptin (satiety promoters) [25,32,37]. Despite a lack of food intake excess, the HFD group showed an increase in body weight (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

High-fat diet based on dried bovine brain: an effective animal model of dyslipidemia and insulin resistance

et al. 2011

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Currently, there are no reports in the literature demonstrating any animal model that ingests one of the fattiest animal food source, the bovine brain. We hypothesized that a high-fat diet (HFD), based on dried bovine brain, could be used to develop an animal model possessing a spectrum of insulin resistance-related features. The HFD was formulated with 40% dried bovine brain plus 16.4% butter fat, prepared in-house. Furthermore, the diet contained 52% calories as fat and 73% of total fatty acids were saturated. Swiss mice weighing about 40 g were assigned to two dietary groups (n=6/group), one group received a standard chow diet and the other was given HFD for 3 months. The body weight and biochemical parameters of the animals were measured initially and at monthly intervals until the end of the experiment. Animals fed on a HFD showed a significant increase in the body and adipose tissue weight, serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, when compared with mice fed on the control diet. Additionally, the HFD group showed higher circulating levels of liver transaminases, such as alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, compared with the control group. Finally, to illustrate the usefulness of this model, we report that the HFD induced mild hyperglycemia, fasting hyperinsulinemia, and increased the homeostasis model of assessment (HOMA-IR), in comparison with the control group. In conclusion, our results show that HFD, based on dried bovine brain, causes insulin resistance-related metabolic disturbances. Thus, this may be a suitable model to study disturbances in energy metabolism and their consequences.

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Effects of dietary fat type and energy restriction on adipose tissue fatty acid composition and leptin production in rats

Cited by 27 publications

References 46 publications

Relationship between Pituitary and Adipose Tissue after Hypothalamic Denervation in the Female Rat

Relationship between Pituitary and Adipose Tissue after Hypothalamic Denervation in the Female Rat

Efeito do uso da farinha desengordurada do Sesamum indicum L nos níveis glicêmicos em diabéticas tipo 2

High-fat diet based on dried bovine brain: an effective animal model of dyslipidemia and insulin resistance

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