Effects of Dietary Education Program for the Japan Diet on Cholesterol Efflux Capacity: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Improving cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) has been regarded as a novel target for preventing cardiovascular disease. HDL reportedly has antioxidant properties which may contribute to its functions. We investigated changes in CEC with intake of the Japan Diet (JD) recommended by the Japan Atherosclerosis Society and the relationship of these changes to serum antioxidant concentrations.Methods: A randomized parallel controlled clinical trial on JD intake was performed in Japanese patients with dyslipidemia. Ninety-eight participants were randomly divided into the JD (n 49) or the partial JD (PJD) (n 49) group. Nutrition education, based on each diet at baseline and at 3 months, was provided and the participants were followed up for 6 months.Results: Mean CEC was 1.05 in total and correlated positively with HDL-cholesterol (p 0.001) at baseline. CEC did not change while oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) was decreased in both groups (p 0.001). Although serum total carotenoid increased in both groups, serum -tocopherol decreased in the JD group as compared to the PJD group (p 0.05). CEC correlated positively with HDL ORAC at baseline (p 0.021) and with serum total carotenoid at 3 and 6 months (p 0.005, 0.035). Changes in CEC correlated positively with changes in HDL ORAC at 3 months and serum total tocopherol at 3 and 6 months (p 0.001). Conclusion:CEC was not changed by JD education in Japanese patients with dyslipidemia who already had normal CEC at baseline. CEC was suggested to be positively associated with serum -and -tocopherol and HDL ORAC.high HDL-C concentrations lead to CVD risk reduction has been challenged by intervention studies [2][3][4] . Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) is one of the major functions of HDL, which contributes to the first step of the reverse cholesterol transport pathway by promoting efflux of excess cellular cholesterol.

Effects of Nutrition Education Program for the Japan Diet on Serum Phospholipid Fatty Acid Compositions in Patients with Dyslipidemia: Re-analysis of Data from a Previous Randomized Controlled Trial

“…Blood was collected in the morning following a 12-hour fast and serum samples were obtained and stored at −80 ℃ until analyses. The data on total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, high density lipoproteincholesterol (HDL-C), TG, malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin and leptin, and the measurement methods for each were described in our previous report in detail 13,14) and were also used in this study.…”

Effect of a Community-Based Program to Accelerate Referral to Physicians for Individuals at High-Risk of Lifestyle-Related Diseases: A Cluster Randomized Trial

“…Studies have shown that lifestyle interventions generally yield small changes in cardiovascular risk factors [29][30][31] and few changes in the incidence and mortality resulting from a cardiovascular disease or total mortality in general populations [31][32][33] . The combination of lifestyle and medical interventions yielded larger effects on cardiovascular disease or total mortality.…”