Effects of dietary chromium tripicolinate and lysine on growth performance, carcass traits and plasma metabolite levels in pigs

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of chromium tripicolinate (CrPic) and three levels of lysine in growing-finishing pigs. Average initial weight was 24.10 kg. Six treatments were replicated four times with four pigs per replicate. Three basal corn-soybean meal diets (B1 : 80 % National Research Council (NRC, 1988) lys level ; B2 : 120 % NRC lys level ; and B3 : 160 % NRC lys level) with three main diets supplemented with 200 ppb of Cr from CrPic (B1+ 200 ppb Cr, B2 + 200 ppb Cr and B3 + 200 ppb Cr). During the growing phase, daily weight gain was decreased by chromium tripicolinate (p < 0.04), without any effect on total growth performance and carcass traits. CrPic decreased pre-prandial state urea nitrogen values (p < .003) and increased post-prandial state urea nitrogen values (p < 0.02). On the other hand, lysine levels increased feed efficiency (Lysine linear, p < 0.08) in growing pigs. Lysine increased loin eye area (lysine linear, p < 0.05 ; lysine quadratic, p < 0.05), but decreased tenth rib fat (lysine linear, p < 0.03 ; lysine quadratic, p < 0.009). Cholesterol values were decreased by lysine levels under pre-prandial state (lysine linear, p < 0.02 ; lysine quadratic, p < 0.08), and under post-prandial state (lysine linear, p < 0.02 ; lysine quadratic, p < 0.005). At the end of the trial, values of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were elevated by lysine (lysine quadratic, p < 0.08), and so were those of total proteins (lysine quadratic, p < 0.02). Urea nitrogen values were elevated by lysine increment 19 (linear effect of lysine ; p < 0.0002). CrPic and lysine interaction was shown on NEFA and 20 urea nitrogen values. These results show that CrPic has minimal effects on growth efficiency, while lysine affects significantly growth performance, carcass characteristics and most of plasma metabolites in growing-finishing pigs.Key-words : Pig, chromium, lysine, growth, metabolites, USA. (lys linéaire, p < 0,05 ; lys quadratique, p < 0,05 (lys linéaire, p < 0,03 ; lys quadratique, p < 0,009). Les taux plasmatiques de cholestérol ont été réduits par le taux de lysine chez les animaux en état pré-prandial (lys linéaire, p < 0,02 ; lys quadratique, p < 0,08), et en état post-prandial (lys linéaire, p < 0,02 ; lys quadratique, p < 0,005 RESUME EFFETS DU TRIPICOLINATE DE CHROME ET DE LA LYSINE SUR LA CROISSANCE, LA CARCASSE ET LES TAUX DES METABOLITES PLASMATIQUES CHEZ LES PORCS