Effects of dietary cadmium on mallard ducklings

Cain, Brian W.; Sileo, L.; Franson, J. Christian; Moore, John F.

doi:10.1016/0013-9351(83)90112-3

Cited by 83 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The combined effects (0.1Cd + 0.1BHC), significantly decreased PCV (36.25 %). This observed decrease in PCV by combined Cd and β-BHC was similar to the decrease in PCV as reported by Cain et al, (1983) in 8 week-old ducklings exposed to 20 ppm Cd (200x higher). Hence, low levels but combined effect Cd and β -BHC may have a compounding action as endocrine disruptors.…”

Section: Stage Treatment Conc 0 Ppm (P0) β -Bhc (β-Bhc) 0033 Ppm (P1supporting

confidence: 89%

“…Thus, this study aimed to investigate the individual and the interacting effects of β-Benzenehexachloride (β-BHC) and Cadmium (Cd) in feed on physiologic and haematologic responses of domestic Mallard Ducks at sexual maturity to support the previously reported detrimental effects of these compounds in Mallard ducks (Cain et al, 1983;Vega, 2009;Vega et al, 2011;Anggraeni et al, 2012;Vega et al, 2014).…”

Section: Response Of Laying Domestic Mallard (Anas Platyrhynchos L)mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In chickens, Cd is said to be toxic to immune cells possibly by inducing oxidative stress resulting to DNA damage and apoptosis (Li et al, 2010). Previous research by Cain et al, (1983) in Mallard ducks reported a significant…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Interaction of β - Benzenehexachloride and Cadmium on Physiologic Response of Laying Domestic Mallard (Anas Platyrhynchos L.)

Vega¹

2014

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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This study aims to understand the effects of cadmium and β-Benzenehexachloride (β-BHC) administered in feed on the physiological response of laying Mallard. Laying ducks (n=120) at three different stages (I: 33-37, II: 38-42 and III: 43-47 weeks old) were randomly allotted into 3x2 factorial design in CRD with 3 Cd and 2 BHC doses, as first and second factor respectively replicated in 4. The doses were doubled (II) and tripled (III) from 0.017 (Cd1), 0.034 ppm Cd (Cd2), and 0.033 ppm β-BHC (P1) of stage I. Hematology, hepatosomatic index (HSI), gonadosomatic index (GSI) and oviductosomatic index (OVI) were compared. At stage I, Cd and β-BHC did not have any significant effects at all parameters observed. Significant effects were observed only at stage II and III. The HSI increased and decreased with 0.033 and 0.067 of Cd treatment, respectively, however β-BHC increased HSI at stages II and III (P<0.05). The OVI was reduced with 0.067Cd, but in combination with 0.067β-BHC it was enlarged (P<0.05). The number of RBC was significantly reduced by β-BHC. The number of WBC was reduced by Cd levels but β-BHC elevated it by 20x10 3 /µl (P<0.05). Percent heterophil was suppressed by Cd but elevated by β-BHC (P<0.05). Lymphocyte was suppressed by 0.1 ppm β-BHC, while monocyte was enhanced by the levels of Cd, but in combination with β-BHC it was reduced (P<0.05). Briefly, HSI, OVI, WBC and heterophil were suppressed by Cd, and lymphocyte and RBC were suppressed by β-BHC. Therefore, individual and low levels of Cd and β-BHC seem tolerable, but in combination their effects are compounded and threaten productivity and food safety. Over-all it is suggested that the combined tolerable limits of heavy metals and pesticide residue should be established for future research and regulatory purposes.All copyrights reserved to Nexus® academic publishers

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Section: Stage Treatment Conc 0 Ppm (P0) β -Bhc (β-Bhc) 0033 Ppm (P1supporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Response Of Laying Domestic Mallard (Anas Platyrhynchos L)mentioning

confidence: 94%

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Interaction of β - Benzenehexachloride and Cadmium on Physiologic Response of Laying Domestic Mallard (Anas Platyrhynchos L.)

Vega¹

2014

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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“…It is likely, a priori, that following acute exposure to cadmium, a higher fraction of tissue cadmium will be present in nonmetallothionein and therefore probably a more toxic form than is the case after more chronic low-level exposure. Cadmium-induced metallothionein has been shown to bind not only cadmium, but also copper and zinc, which can lead to increased concentrations of these metals in kidney and liver tissue (38)(39)(40) (42). But perhaps more important is the altered avoidance behavior in the form of hyperresponsiveness observed in young black ducks (Anas rubripes) produced from parents fed only 4 pg/g dietary cadmium for about 4 months before egg laying (43).…”

Section: Interpretation Ofmetals Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminants and Sea Ducks in Alaska and the Circumpolar Region

Henny¹,

Rudis²,

Roffe³

et al. 1995

Environmental Health Perspectives

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We review nesting sea duck population declines in Alaska during recent decades and explore the possibility that contaminants may be implicated. Aerial surveys of the surf scoter (Melanitta perspicillata), white-winged scoter (M. fusca), black scoter (M. nigra), oldsquaw (Clangula hyemalis), spectacled eider (Somateria fischeri), and Steller's eider (Polysticta stelleri) show long-term breeding population declines, especially the latter three species. The spectacled eider was recently classified threatened under the Endangered Species Act. In addition, three other diving ducks, which commonly winter in coastal areas, have declined from unknown causes. Large die-offs of all three species of scoters during molt, a period of high energy demand, were documented in August 1990August , 1991August , and 1992 at coastal reefs in southeastern Alaska. There was no evidence of infectious diseases in those scoters. The die-offs may or may not be associated with the long-term declines. Many scoters had elevated renal concentrations of cadmium (high of 375 pg/g dry weight [dw]). Effects of cadmium in sea ducks are not well understood. Selenium concentrations in livers of nesting white-winged scoters were high; however, the eggs they laid contained less selenium than expected based on relationships for freshwater bird species. Histological evaluation found a high prevalence of hepatocellular vacuolation (49%), a degenerative change frequently associated with sublethal toxic insult. Cadmium and selenium mean liver concentrations were generally higher in those birds with more severe vacuolation; however, relationships were not statistically significant. We do not know if sea duck population declines are related to metals or other contaminants.

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“…In addition, the testes of males in the 200 ppm Cd group atrophied and the spermatogenic process was disrupted . Among mallard ducklings, 20 ppm Cd in the diet produces mild to severe kidney lesions, reduces packed cell volume and hemoglobin concentrations in the blood (Cain et al, 1983). Avoidance behavior of black ducklings is impaired by diets containing 40 ppm Cd (Heinz and Haseltine, 1983 The .c sign signifies that the value corresponds to a LOEC, not a CV.…”

Section: G13-5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Report on the remedial investigation of Bear Creek Valley at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Volume 6: Appendix G -- Baseline ecological risk assessment report

1996

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Effects of dietary cadmium on mallard ducklings

Cited by 83 publications

References 23 publications

Interaction of β - Benzenehexachloride and Cadmium on Physiologic Response of Laying Domestic Mallard (Anas Platyrhynchos L.)

Interaction of β - Benzenehexachloride and Cadmium on Physiologic Response of Laying Domestic Mallard (Anas Platyrhynchos L.)

Contaminants and Sea Ducks in Alaska and the Circumpolar Region

Report on the remedial investigation of Bear Creek Valley at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Volume 6: Appendix G -- Baseline ecological risk assessment report

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