Effects of Diet and Bovine Somatotropin on Heifer Growth and Mammary Development

Radcliff, R.P.; VandeHaar, M.J.; Skidmore, A.L.; Chapin, L.T.; Radke, Brian R.; Lloyd, James W.; Stanisiewski, E.P.; Tucker, H.A.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(97)76143-5

Cited by 73 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Heifers on treatment 2 attained puberty 15.1 d earlier than did control heifers with no significant difference in WH (Table 4). Similar results were obtained by Radcliff et al (1997), as high-CP, high-energy diet increased BWG and decreased age at puberty but had no effect on WH at puberty. The implantation of Synovex-C to heifers on treatment 3 induced earlier puberty by 38.1 d as compared with the control heifers (P<0.08), and their WH was shorter by 4.5 cm (P<0.08).…”

Section: Feed Intake and Efficiencysupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Although BW and wither height (WH) are closely correlated (Heinrichs and Hargrove, 1987;Heinrichs et al, 1992), the correlation between WH and primiparous milk production was higher than that observed between yield and BW (Heinrichs and Hargrove, 1987;Heinrichs et al, 1992;Markusfeld and Ezra, 1993). Compensatory growth of heifers was found to be limited (Ryan, 1990;Barash et al, 1994 a,b;Radcliff, 1997). Implantation of Synovex-C in 3-months-old beef heifers significantly enlarged their pelvic area before calving and tended to reduce calving difficulties (Deutscher et al, 1991;Rusk et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of dietary concentration of crude protein and Synovex-C on skeletal growth of dairy heifers

Shamay¹,

Bruckental²,

Moallem³

et al. 1999

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Eighteen prepubertal Israeli-Holstein heifers were used in an experiment to study the effects of protein supplementation and implantation of Synovex-C on body weight gain (BWG), skeletal size and age at puberty. Heifers were allocated to three treatment groups as follows: 1. heifers received a diet that was formulated according to NRC (1989; Control) recommendations. 2. heifers received the same diet fed to heifers on treatment 1 except that the diet was supplemented with 3.3% maize gluten meal (MGM) during the first 6 months and with 2.5% MGM during the next 3 months 3. heifers received the same diet fed to heifers on treatment 2 and were implanted with Synovex-C. Supplementation of MGM to the diet enhanced BWG during the first 183 d of the experiment. The implantation of Synovex-C enhanced BWG only during the first 92 d of the experiment. From d 93 to 281, BWG of heifers on treatment 3 was reduced, and, by the end of the experiment, the BW of these heifers tended to be lower than of heifers on treatment 2. Supplementation of MGM to the diet enhanced growth rates of the wither and hip during the first 281 of the experiment. However, implantation of Synovex-C eliminated the effect of supplemented MGM, and, towards the end of the experiment, withers and hip heights of heifers on treatment 3 were lower than those of heifers on treatment 1. Implantation of Synovex-C was associated with increased serum IGF-1 during the first 150 d of the experiment and with reduced age and wither height at puberty.

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Section: Feed Intake and Efficiencysupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary concentration of crude protein and Synovex-C on skeletal growth of dairy heifers

Shamay¹,

Bruckental²,

Moallem³

et al. 1999

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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“…Desta forma, o crescimento dos animais pode ter sido limitado pela proteína da dieta, sendo o excesso de energia convertido em gordura. Radcliff et al (1997) afirmaram que o elevado ganho de peso para novilhas deve ser acompanhado de crescimento para evitar que fiquem excessivamente gordas, com maior possibilidade de terem partos distócicos.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Consumo, digestibilidade, desempenho, desenvolvimento ponderal e economicidade de dietas com polpa cítrica em substituição ao feno de capim-tifton 85 para novilhas leiteiras

Neto¹,

Campos²,

Filho³

et al. 2007

R. Bras. Zootec.

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Objetivou-se determinar o consumo, a digestibilidade, o desempenho, o desenvolvimento ponderal, a conversão alimentar e a economicidade de dietas com polpa cítrica em substituição ao feno de tifton 85 (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pear) para novilhas leiteiras. Os tratamentos consistiram de quatro níveis (0; 16,6; 33,3 e 50%) de substituição do feno por polpa cítrica. Os dados foram analisados em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados com sete repetições. Utilizaram-se 28 novilhas holandesas (12 meses de idade e peso médio inicial de 184 kg) mantidas em baias individuais. Os consumos de MS, MO, PB, CT e NDT aumentaram linearmente e o de FDN decresceu à medida que o feno foi substituído pela polpa cítrica. O consumo de EE elevou de forma quadrática com aumento dessa substituição, apresentando valor mínimo quando 2,27% do feno foi substituído pela polpa cítrica. Os consumos de Ca e P aumentaram com o aumento dos níveis de substituição do feno. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente da MS, MO, PB e FDN reduziram linearmente, enquanto os de EE e CT não foram influenciados pela substituição. O ganho de peso aumentou linearmente, mas o crescimento de altura de cernelha foi menor e o de altura de garupa não foi influenciado pelos níveis de substituição. Observou-se aumento linear no perímetro torácico à medida que o feno foi substituído pela polpa cítrica. A polpa cítrica pode ser utilizada em até 35% da dieta total na alimentação de novilhas leiteiras de acordo com a conveniência econômica e a disponibilidade de alimentos volumosos, como alternativa para o produtor reduzir a idade à primeira cobertura e ao primeiro parto, com menor custo de alimentação.

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“…Results from Capuco et al (1995), Radcliff et al (1997 and and Waldo et al (1998) indicated that mammary development could be either reduced or increased when feeding in excess or injecting bovine somatotropin before puberty. In both studies, no effect was noted on subsequent milk yield.…”

Section: Nutritional Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rearing strategy and optimizing first-calving targets in dairy heifers: a review

Cozler

Lollivier

Lacasse

et al. 2008

Animal

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Much research has been carried out and published on dairy replacement management, in order to rear heifers as efficiently as possible, from both a technical and economical point of view. In most cases, the aim is to rear the heifers at the lowest cost possible without any deleterious effects on future performances. However, the importance of dairy heifer husbandry is not sufficiently well recognized and probably mishandled by most farmers. The present review aims to give an actual overview of rearing procedures in dairy heifers and possible ways to achieve optimal goals. For many years, it has been well known that rapid rearing lowers the age of sexual maturity and consequently may be an efficient way to reduce the non-producing period prior to conception. But this may impair mammary development and consequently future milk production, at least during first lactation. In addition, a growth rate that is too low may not only be costly but also result in animals that are too fat at first calving, creating problems such as calving difficulties, dystocia, etc. Genetic considerations must also be factored, i.e. frame, size, body weight, etc. have changed during the last 20 years and there are differences between breeds. As a result, some time-honoured recommendations may not be appropriate. The present paper reviews factors and management practices that may affect rearing and subsequent performance of dairy heifers.

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Effects of Diet and Bovine Somatotropin on Heifer Growth and Mammary Development

Cited by 73 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of dietary concentration of crude protein and Synovex-C on skeletal growth of dairy heifers

Effect of dietary concentration of crude protein and Synovex-C on skeletal growth of dairy heifers

Consumo, digestibilidade, desempenho, desenvolvimento ponderal e economicidade de dietas com polpa cítrica em substituição ao feno de capim-tifton 85 para novilhas leiteiras

Rearing strategy and optimizing first-calving targets in dairy heifers: a review

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