Effects of Diesel Exhaust on Neurobehavioral and Pulmonary Functions

Kilburn, Kaye H.

doi:10.1080/00039890009603379

Cited by 44 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…[1] Ever since, studies of the relationship between air pollution and cognitive function have been a point of focus. Residential proximity to a major roadway is a commonly accepted method for determining long-term air pollution exposure.…”

Section: Air Pollution and Cognitive Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical effects of air pollution on the central nervous system; a review

Babadjouni

Hodis

Radwanski

et al. 2017

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience

143

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The purpose of this review is to describe recent clinical and epidemiological studies examining the adverse effects of urban air pollution on the central nervous system (CNS). Air pollution and particulate matter (PM) are associated with neuroinflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS). These processes affect multiple CNS pathways. The conceptual framework of this review focuses on adverse effects of air pollution with respect to neurocognition, white matter disease, stroke, and carotid artery disease. Both children and older individuals exposed to air pollution exhibit signs of cognitive dysfunction. However, evidence on middle-aged cohorts is lacking. White matter injury secondary to air pollution exposure is a putative mechanism for neurocognitive decline. Air pollution is associated with exacerbations of neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases. Increases in stroke incidences and mortalities are seen in the setting of air pollution exposure and CNS pathology is robust. Large populations living in highly polluted environments are at risk. This review aims to outline current knowledge of air pollution exposure effects on neurological health.

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Section: Air Pollution and Cognitive Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, impact on the central nervous system (CNS) was first described only a decade ago. [1] A significant number of clinical and epidemiological studies indicate adverse associations between air pollution and neurological disease, but mechanistic pathways remain elusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical effects of air pollution on the central nervous system; a review

Babadjouni

Hodis

Radwanski

et al. 2017

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience

143

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“…Figure 13 shows two 3 PAHs, one light, and two heavy versus particles size for summer, 2005. The presence of PAHs in the ultrafine size mode shows a finer aerosol size that may have health consequences (Kilburn et al 2000;Parent et al 2007) as indicated by data on PAHs from diesel trucks (Zielinska et al 2004). …”

Section: Analysis Of Organic Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic and Organic Aerosols Downwind of California's Roseville Railyard

Cahill¹,

Cahill²,

Barnes³

et al. 2011

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Inorganic and organic constituents of aerosols from a major railyard and repair facility were characterized to develop a profile of emissions from railyard activities. The railyard has very consistent downslope winds blowing laterally across the railyard for about 8 hours each night, so two sampling stations were used, one just upwind of the railyard and one downwind adjacent to the railyard fence line. Aerosol samples were collected by rotating drum impactors (DRUM and Lundgren) in up to 9 size modes for 5 weeks in summer and fall of 2005 in tandem with the Roseville Received 13 June 2010; accepted 10 March 2011. The authors wish to acknowledge the continual support, encouragement, and expert scientific guidance of the Health Effects Task Force (HETF) of Breathe California of Sacramento-Emigrant Trails, its Chair, Jan Sharpless, and its Consultant, Betty Turner. HETF is a long term (1994) standing committee of volunteer experts from state and local agencies, universities and medical organizations. It provides high level technical expertise to Breath California of Sacramento Emigrant Trails, a local NGO that has focused on protecting lungs from disease, smoking, and air pollution since 1917. (http://www.sacbreathe.org).The Detection and Evaluation of Long-range Transport of Aerosols (DELTA) Group is a primarily global climate research association headquartered at UC Davis (http://delta.ucdavis.edu) that lends its samplers, analytical capabilities, and expertise to problems of human health. The staff of the Placer County APCD, especially Yushuo Chang, Kurt Schreiber, and Mike Sims, who were exemplary in their support of our field analyses and their provision of meteorology and data from RRAMP. We would like to gratefully acknowledge EPA Region IX for funding the organic analysis (Meredith Kurpius, project manager).The authors also gratefully acknowledge the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for the provision of the HYS-PLIT transport and dispersion model and/or READY website (http://www.arl.noaa.gov/ready.html) used in this publication.This report has benefited greatly from the comments and suggestions of the RRAMP Technical Advisory Committee, but the opinions expressed herein are solely those of the authors.Address correspondence to Thomas A. Cahill, DELTA Group, University of California-Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA. E-mail: tacahill@ucdavis.edu Railyard Aerosol Monitoring Project (RRAMP), which measured, black carbon (BC) PM 2 , as well as NO and NO 2 . The DRUM aerosol samples were analyzed for mass, optical absorption, and elemental content in 3 h time resolution to allow separation of day and night. Organic analysis was conducted on another set of time integrated size-segregated samples taken by a Lundgren impactor during nighttime hours. The ratio between the downwind versus upwind sites at night was as high as 21.9 (NO, RRAMP) and 6.4 (optical absorption, DRUM) but many species had ratios greater than 2, demonstrating which aerosols arose from railyard activities. The main emissions fro...

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“…One of these studies found a potential adverse effect of air pollutants in Mexico City on the CNS of dogs (Calderón-Garcidueñas et al, 2002). In humans, a subsequent study showed neurobehavioral and pulmonary impairment in railroad workers and electricians (Kilburn, 2000). Furthermore, X-ray fluorescence analysis in a kinetics report revealed that metal elements of DEP, which contained nano-sized particles, were detected in the olfactory epithelium and bulb of mice (Matsui et al, 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%