Effects of developmental noise exposure on inhibitory cell densities and perineuronal nets in A1 and AAF of mice

Reinhard, Sarah M.; Abundez-Toledo, Maximiliano; Espinoza, Katherine; Razak, Khaleel A.

doi:10.1016/j.heares.2019.107781

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…However, FS neurons showed a significantly larger amplitude of offset responses in comparison to RS neurons. AAF was previously shown to have more PV+ cells than the other auditory primary region A1 ( Reinhard et al, 2019 ). Mechanistically, we suggest that such a prominent PV network in AAF and the strong offset responses they exhibit could be crucial for evoking duration-dependent offset responses in AAF but not in A1 ( Sołyga and Barkat, 2019 ) or MGB ( Figure 6 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence and function of cortical offset responses in sound termination detection

Sołyga¹,

Barkat²

2021

eLife

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Offset responses in auditory processing appear after a sound terminates. They arise in neuronal circuits within the peripheral auditory system, but their role in the central auditory system remains unknown. Here, we ask what the behavioral relevance of cortical offset responses is and what circuit mechanisms drive them. At the perceptual level, our results reveal that experimentally minimizing auditory cortical offset responses decreases the mouse performance to detect sound termination, assigning a behavioral role to offset responses. By combining in vivo electrophysiology in the auditory cortex and thalamus of awake mice, we also demonstrate that cortical offset responses are not only inherited from the periphery but also amplified and generated de novo. Finally, we show that offset responses code more than silence, including relevant changes in sound trajectories. Together, our results reveal the importance of cortical offset responses in encoding sound termination and detecting changes within temporally discontinuous sounds crucial for speech and vocalization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence and function of cortical offset responses in sound termination detection

Sołyga¹,

Barkat²

2021

eLife

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“…Takahashi et al (2006) found that A1 responses of juvenile mice were more potentiated than those of AAF following exposure to an amplitude-modulated tone for 4–5 weeks but did not observe an over-representation of the exposure frequency in either field. A recent study documented differences in parvalbumin positive (PV+) interneuron and peri-neuronal net (PNN) densities in A1 and AAF following 70 dB SPL broadband noise exposure in mice during the first month of life (Reinhard et al, 2019). Noise exposure decreased the density of PNNs in A1 but not AAF, showing that inhibitory elements can be differently regulated across these two fields.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of Hyperacusis in Adult Rats Following Non-traumatic Sound Exposure

Thomas

Guercio

Drudik

et al. 2019

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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Manipulations that enhance neuroplasticity may inadvertently create opportunities for maladaptation. We have previously used passive exposures to non-traumatic white noise to open windows of plasticity in the adult rat auditory cortex and induce frequency-specific functional reorganizations of the tonotopic map. However, similar reorganizations in the central auditory pathway are thought to contribute to the generation of hearing disorders such as tinnitus and hyperacusis. Here, we investigate whether noise-induced reorganizations are accompanied by electrophysiological or behavioral evidence of tinnitus or hyperacusis in adult Long-Evans rats. We used a 2-week passive exposure to moderate-intensity (70 dB SPL) broadband white noise to reopen a critical period for spectral tuning such that a second 1-week exposure to 7 kHz tone pips produced an expansion of the 7 kHz frequency region in the primary auditory cortex (A1). We demonstrate for the first time that this expansion also takes place in the ventral auditory field (VAF). Sound exposure also led to spontaneous and sound-evoked hyperactivity in the anterior auditory field (AAF). Rats were assessed for behavioral evidence of tinnitus or hyperacusis using gap and tone prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response. We found that sound exposure did not affect gap-prepulse inhibition. However, sound exposure led to an improvement in prepulse inhibition when the prepulse was a 7 kHz tone, showing that exposed rats had enhanced sensorimotor gating for the exposure frequency. Together, our electrophysiological and behavioral results provide evidence of hyperacusis but not tinnitus in sound-exposed animals. Our findings demonstrate that periods of prolonged noise exposure may open windows of plasticity that can also be understood as windows of vulnerability, potentially increasing the likelihood for maladaptive plasticity to take place.

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“…It is important to note that abolishing PNNs by enzymatic approaches may not reflect processes occurring under physiological conditions in the brain. Rather, another suggestion is that learning induces slight changes to the ECM composition, either via incorporation of specific CSPGs [ 136 , 142 ], metalloproteinase activity [ 143 ], or recycling of PNN components [ 144 ]. We are far from understanding the full complexity of this system.…”

Section: Extracellular Matrix Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The extracellular matrix and perineuronal nets in memory

et al. 2022

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All components of the CNS are surrounded by a diffuse extracellular matrix (ECM) containing chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans (CSPGs), heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPGs), hyaluronan, various glycoproteins including tenascins and thrombospondin, and many other molecules that are secreted into the ECM and bind to ECM components. In addition, some neurons, particularly inhibitory GABAergic parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons, are surrounded by a more condensed cartilage-like ECM called perineuronal nets (PNNs). PNNs surround the soma and proximal dendrites as net-like structures that surround the synapses. Attention has focused on the role of PNNs in the control of plasticity, but it is now clear that PNNs also play an important part in the modulation of memory. In this review we summarize the role of the ECM, particularly the PNNs, in the control of various types of memory and their participation in memory pathology. PNNs are now being considered as a target for the treatment of impaired memory. There are many potential treatment targets in PNNs, mainly through modulation of the sulphation, binding, and production of the various CSPGs that they contain or through digestion of their sulphated glycosaminoglycans.

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Effects of developmental noise exposure on inhibitory cell densities and perineuronal nets in A1 and AAF of mice

Cited by 11 publications

References 64 publications

Emergence and function of cortical offset responses in sound termination detection

Emergence and function of cortical offset responses in sound termination detection

Evidence of Hyperacusis in Adult Rats Following Non-traumatic Sound Exposure

The extracellular matrix and perineuronal nets in memory

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