Effects of Depressive Symptoms and Family Satisfaction on Health Related Quality of Life: The Hong Kong FAMILY Study

Abstract

ObjectiveTo examine the effect of depressive symptoms and satisfaction with family support (FS) on physical and mental Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL).MethodsData were obtained from the Hong Kong FAMILY Project baseline survey in 2009–2011, which included 16,039 community residents (age ≥20). The FS was measured using the Family Adaptation, Partnership, Growth, Affection, Resolve (APGAR, range 0–10) Questionnaire. HRQoL were assessed using the SF-12 version 2. Depressive symptoms were recorded using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Demographic and lifestyle variables, stressful life events, perceived neighborhood cohesion were also assessed.ResultsIn a multilevel regression model, socio-demographic and behavioral variables explained 21% and 19% of the variance in physical and mental HRQoL. The presence of depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 score ≥10, standardized coefficients, β of −1.73) and high FS (APGAR score 7–10, 1.15) were associated with mental HRQoL, after adjustment for age, education, household monthly income, drinking status, physical activity, chronic conditions, life stress and neighborhood cohesion. Not FS but the presence of depressive symptoms (β of −0.88) was associated with physical HRQoL. The presence of depressive symptoms in women than men were more associated with a poorer physical HRQoL (p<0.01) while depressive symptoms in men were associated with a decrease in mental HRQoL (p<0.001). The interaction between FS and depressive symptoms was nonsignificant in relation to HRQoL. Among those with depressive symptoms, high FS was associated with a better mental HRQoL (41.1 vs. 37.9, p<0.001) in women but not contribute to variance in men.ConclusionsHigher FS and presence of depressive symptoms were significantly associated with HRQoL in general population in Hong Kong. Among those with depressive symptoms, high FS was associated with a favorable mental HRQoL in women but not men.

Relationship between Families Perception of Health and Support in the Care of Vulnerable Children

“…In contrast to the families' perception of health noted in the literature, the DMD group reported higher scores in physical health, perceived health, and overall health [29] than the DMD/SMA group in 2012, which received higher scores in the above three groups of this study. And was also higher than the DMD/SMA or the ADHD group, and that reported in previous studies in 1999 [26] and 1997 [27], except for physical health. In addition, received self-esteem the highest score and social health received the second highest score, which was the same as that of the DMD/SMA group's families in 2012.…”

“…Higher scores on positive functional health indicated better health, and higher scores on negative functional health indicated worse health. Table 1 showed the internal consistency reliability results of the subscales (0.53-0.71) of the Duke Health Profile overall (0.80) for this study and compared them with those reported by Parkerson et al [26] and Beaton et al [27]. …”

The effects of family structure and function on mental health during China’s transition: a cross-sectional analysis

“…The Chinese version of the APGAR was still reliable and repeatable [18, 19], and had relatively good internal consistency (ɑ = 0.75) in the current study. The final family function score is the sum of all five aspects with higher APGAR scores denoting better family function.…”

Normative data and psychometric properties of the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and the abbreviated version (CD-RISC2) among the general population in Hong Kong

“…Family Adaptation, Partnership, Growth, Affection, Resolve (APGAR) was used to assess family functioning [11], and the internal consistency within the Chinese population is good (Cronbach's a = 0.94) [12].…”