Effects of dehydration and heat stress on food intake and dry matter digestibility in East African ruminants

Maloiy, G. M. O.; Kanui, Titus I.; Towett, P.K.; Wambugu, S.N.; Miaron, J. O. O.; Wanyoike, MM

doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.06.019

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In similar experiments on water restriction (Maloiy et al 2008), carried out at an ambient temperature of 22 °C, a significant and progressively increasing reduction in feed intake from fat-tailed sheep (-48%), to Zebu (-50%) and Turkana goats (-58.3%) was reported; the same authors also noted a dietary depression in non-domestic species such as Grant's gazelles (-34%; Nanger granti) and oryx (-40%; Oryx beisa). In comparable experiments conducted by other authors (Aganga et al 1989;Ikhatua et al 1992;Abdelatif and Ahmed 1994) in Yankasa sheep and native goats, marked effects of water deficiency on feed intake under various regimens of water restriction were detected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The effect of water-restriction on various physiological variables in intensively reared Lacaune ewes

Casamassima¹,

Vizzarri²,

Nardoia³

et al. 2016

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:The effects of water restriction on rectal temperature, respiratory rate and selected blood variables in intensively reared Lacaune ewes were evaluated. The tests were carried out over the course of 28 days in spring on 30 lactating sheep divided into three groups of 10 animals each, matched by lactation status and body weight and allocated into individual boxes. The animal groups were as follows: control group W100 with drinking water for the whole day (24 h/24 h), while the two experimental groups each received 80% (W80 group) and 60% (W60 group) of the water ration of the control group, respectively. The feed, in according with physiological and production needs of the animals, was administered in three daily meals (08:00, 14:00 and 20:00 h). Water intake was recorded three times per day (at 08:00, 14:00 and 20:00 h) and the daily feed intake at 08:00 h, while the rectal temperature, respiratory rate were measured and blood samplings were carried out on Day 0, Day 14 and Day 28. In water-restriction groups (W80 and W60) a lower (P < 0.01) feed intake of meadow hay, and a lower ingestion of alfalfa hay pellet in the W60 group compared to W100 group were observed. In addition, the water restriction regimen resulted in a significant decrease of respiratory rate (P < 0.05) and an increase in serum total protein, urea, creatinine, sodium, chlorine, reactive oxygen metabolites, cortisol, haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (P < 0.05), red blood cell counts, and haematocrit (P < 0.01). These results show the important role of water, as limiting factor for animal breeding in low-water availability environments. Where possible, the management of low-dairy breeds should be well adapted to support the productive performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The effect of water-restriction on various physiological variables in intensively reared Lacaune ewes

Casamassima¹,

Vizzarri²,

Nardoia³

et al. 2016

Vet. Med. - Czech

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“…This result was obtained without any drop of feed intake. However, most of previous works showed that feed consumption is strongly related to water intake [2], where sheep reduced their voluntary feed intake under 3-4 days intermittent watering regime [1], Specially when it is associated with heat stress [11]. In such cases, it is difficult to differentiate if loss ob body weight reflects changes in feed intake or changes in body water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Pre-Mating Water Deprivation on Ovarian Activity and on Reproductive Traits of Mature Barbarine Ewes during Summer Season

Khnissi¹,

Lassoued²,

Rekik³

et al. 2014

IJESD

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Abstract-60 mature Barbarine ewes were used to study the effect of water deprivation on feed intake and reproductive traits. Animals were allocated to two groups of 30 animals each. Control ewes (C) had free access to water while deprived ewes (D) were watered every 3 days during 8 weeks in mating period.Feed and water intake were recorded daily for each animal. Body weight was measured every week. Rectal temperature was also measured every week of the trial on the 1 st , 2 nd and the 3 rd day of water deprivation. Ovulation rate was determined by endoscopy 12 days after oestrus behaviour. Lambing rate and litter size were calculated. Body weight and feed intake were not affected (P>0.05) by water deprivation. However water intake increase in deprived ewes (P<0.01). Reproductive results showed that water deprivation did not affect significantly either the percentage of females in oestrus during the 3 days following ram introduction nor the return rate (80% vs 90% and 13% vs 10% respectively for control and water deprivation groups). Moreover ovulation rate, fertility and litter size were similar for both groups (110% vs 130%, 93.3% vs 100% and 103% vs 123% respectively for control and water deprivation groups). These results indicate the wide adaptation of Barbarine sheep for water deprivation as indicated by the absence of significant negative effects on reproductive performances.Index Terms-Ewe, ovarian activity, reproductive traits, water deprivation.

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“…This, as well as the fact that dehydrated animals have reduced forage intakes (Maloiy et al 2008), highlights the importance of assessing both forage and water intake when attempting to understand the effects of topdown and bottom-up forces on a population's fitness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As populations of lions, the main predator of wildebeest in Etosha , were relatively stable throughout this study (W. Kilian personal communication), it is unlikely that predation levels were responsible for wildebeests' behavioural shift between the years. This, along with the deleterious effect of dehydration on forage intake (Maloiy et al 2008), highlights the importance of assessing all resource acquisition behaviour (e.g. , not just foraging behaviour, when assessing prey animals' resource acquisition-safety trade-off.…”

Section: The Behaviour Of Prey Animals and The Effect Of The Landscapmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This gap in understanding is important because the tradeoff between accessing water and staying safe is equally, if not more, critical than that between foraging and safety for water-dependent grazers. Acquiring enough water is particularly critical considering dehydration can cause some species' food intake to be significantly reduced (Maloiy et al 2008) and these species often suffer high predation near and at water sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the behavioural trade-offs made by blue wildebeest(Connochaetes taurinus): the importance of resources, predation and the landscape

Dannock¹

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Prey individuals must constantly make decisions regarding safety and resource acquisition to ensure that they acquire enough resources without being predated upon.These decisions result in a trade-off between resource acquisition behaviours (such as foraging and drinking) and safety behaviours (such as grouping and vigilance). This tradeoff is likely to be affected by the social and environmental factors that an individual experiences, including the individual's location in the landscape. The overall objective of my PhD was to understand the decisions a migratory ungulate makes in order to acquire enough resources, while not becoming prey, and to understand how these decisions are influenced by social and environmental factors. In order to do this, I studied the behaviour of blue wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) in Etosha National Park, Namibia, between 2013 and 2015. I studied wildebeests' behaviour while they acquired food and water and moved within the landscape. Along with observational studies, I also used lion (Panthera leo) roar playbacks to experimentally manipulate perceived predator presence to test wildebeests' responses to immediate predation risk.For Chapter 2 I studied the foraging-vigilance trade-off of wildebeest to determine how social and environmental factors, including the location within the landscape, were correlated with wildebeests' time spent foraging and vigilant as well as their bite rate. I found that environmental variables were more important than social variables in predicting the foraging-vigilance trade-off of adult wildebeest. Food availability was the most important factor, with wildebeest increasing time spent foraging, at a cost to vigilance time, when food was more readily available. This result suggests that wildebeests' behavioural decisions were more affected by forage availability than predation risk.The objective of Chapter 3 was to study the effects of individual characteristics, social variables and environmental variables on wildebeests' behaviour during their approach to, time at, and retreat from, waterholes, to understand the water acquisition-safety tradeoff. I looked at time spent vigilant, moving and drinking as well as step rate. and forage competition factors. Wildebeests' within-group density was associated with forage competition more than the landscape of fear. These findings suggest that wildebeests' landscape-use and within-group density were altered in response to predator avoidance and resource acquisition.My thesis provides insights into how prey species trade-off between resource acquisition and safety. By assessing the social, environmental and landscape variables that affect the trade-off, this study showed that prey adapt their behaviour according to group dynamics, forage availability and predation risk and suggests that individuals may consider different aspects of their environmental and social surroundings when accessing different resources. Therefore, future studies should examine social, environmental and landscape variables togeth...

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Effects of dehydration and heat stress on food intake and dry matter digestibility in East African ruminants

Cited by 30 publications

References 21 publications

The effect of water-restriction on various physiological variables in intensively reared Lacaune ewes

The effect of water-restriction on various physiological variables in intensively reared Lacaune ewes

Effect of Pre-Mating Water Deprivation on Ovarian Activity and on Reproductive Traits of Mature Barbarine Ewes during Summer Season

Understanding the behavioural trade-offs made by blue wildebeest(Connochaetes taurinus): the importance of resources, predation and the landscape

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