Effects of decadal exposure to interacting elevated CO2 and/or O3 on paper birch (Betula papyrifera) reproduction

Darbah, Joseph N.T.; Kubiske, Mark E.; Nelson, Neil D.; Oksanen, Elina; Vapaavuori, Elina; Karnosky, David F.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2008.01.033

Cited by 56 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Unlike industrial pollutants or mineral aerosols, pollen emissions depend not only on the instantaneous meteorological conditions but also on the conditions during the pollen maturation within the plants before the pollination starts. Additional factors such as the CO 2 and O 3 concentrations can influence pollen production and emissions (Rogers et al, 2006;Darbah et al, 2008).…”

Section: Pollensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CHIMERE 2013: a model for regional atmospheric composition modelling

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Tropospheric trace gas and aerosol pollutants have adverse effects on health, environment and climate. In order to quantify and mitigate such effects, a wide range of processes leading to the formation and transport of pollutants must be considered, understood and represented in numerical models. Regional scale pollution episodes result from the combination of several factors: high emissions (from anthropogenic or natural sources), stagnant meteorological conditions, kinetics and efficiency of the chemistry and the deposition. All these processes are highly variable in time and space, and their relative contribution to the pollutants budgets can be quantified with chemistry-transport models. The CHIMERE chemistry-transport model is dedicated to regional atmospheric pollution event studies. Since it has now reached a certain level a maturity, the new stable version, CHIMERE 2013, is described to provide a reference model paper. The successive developments of the model are reviewed on the basis of published investigations that are referenced in order to discuss the scientific choices and to provide an overview of the main results.

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Section: Pollensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method has been applied to the Paris area in Valari et al (2011). O 3 concentrations can influence pollen production and emissions Rogers et al (2006), Darbah et al (2008).…”

Section: Sub-grid Scale Exposure Modelling For Health Impact Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

CHIMERE 2013: a model for regional atmospheric composition modelling

et al. 2013

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“…Germinability of the seeds was affected by O 3 such that germination rate was up to 30 % lower in O 3 -treated plants compared to control plants (Bender et al 2006a). Similarly, Darbah et al (2008) investigated the effects of elevated O 3 on reproductive fitness in paper birch (Betula papyrifera) under free air O 3 exposure. Elevated O 3 increased flowering, but decreased seed weight and germination rate.…”

Section: Effects On Growth and Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Mediated Ecosystem Effects of Tropospheric Ozone

2014

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“…In temperate grasslands, experimental O 3 treatment reduced seed number, fruit number, and weight, but increased flower number and flower weight in a number of species, for example, in paper birch ( Betula papyrifera ) (Leisner & Ainsworth, 2012), and decreased seed weight and germination rate (Darbah et al., 2008) with implications for the establishment and survival of the progeny. Where plant composition greatly depends on the belowground seed pool, declining reproductive success can be caused by elevated O 3 exposure, such as in the Dehesa annual grasslands, which cover several million hectares in the Iberian Peninsula within the highly O 3 ‐exposed “Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and shrubs” ER (Table 1; Gimeno, Bermejo, Sanz, De La Torre, & Elvira, 2004).…”

Section: Changes In Plant Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and future ozone risks to global terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem processes

Fuhrer

Martin

Mills

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Risks associated with exposure of individual plant species to ozone (O3) are well documented, but implications for terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem processes have received insufficient attention. This is an important gap because feedbacks to the atmosphere may change as future O3 levels increase or decrease, depending on air quality and climate policies. Global simulation of O3 using the Community Earth System Model (CESM) revealed that in 2000, about 40% of the Global 200 terrestrial ecoregions (ER) were exposed to O3 above thresholds for ecological risks, with highest exposures in North America and Southern Europe, where there is field evidence of adverse effects of O3, and in central Asia. Experimental studies show that O3 can adversely affect the growth and flowering of plants and alter species composition and richness, although some communities can be resilient. Additional effects include changes in water flux regulation, pollination efficiency, and plant pathogen development. Recent research is unraveling a range of effects belowground, including changes in soil invertebrates, plant litter quantity and quality, decomposition, and nutrient cycling and carbon pools. Changes are likely slow and may take decades to become detectable. CESM simulations for 2050 show that O3 exposure under emission scenario RCP8.5 increases in all major biomes and that policies represented in scenario RCP4.5 do not lead to a general reduction in O3 risks; rather, 50% of ERs still show an increase in exposure. Although a conceptual model is lacking to extrapolate documented effects to ERs with limited or no local information, and there is uncertainty about interactions with nitrogen input and climate change, the analysis suggests that in many ERs, O3 risks will persist for biodiversity at different trophic levels, and for a range of ecosystem processes and feedbacks, which deserves more attention when assessing ecological implications of future atmospheric pollution and climate change.

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Effects of decadal exposure to interacting elevated CO2 and/or O3 on paper birch (Betula papyrifera) reproduction

Cited by 56 publications

References 36 publications

CHIMERE 2013: a model for regional atmospheric composition modelling

CHIMERE 2013: a model for regional atmospheric composition modelling

Plant-Mediated Ecosystem Effects of Tropospheric Ozone

Current and future ozone risks to global terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem processes

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