Effects of daily protein intake levels on the oral stereotypic behaviours in energy restricted lambs

., I. Yaman Yurtman; Savaş, Türker; Karaağaç, Fevzi; Coşkuntuna, Levent

doi:10.1016/s0168-1591(02)00025-4

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The higher level of protein intake in energy restricted condition causes an increase in energy deficiency (Yurtman et al, 2002), which may eventually result in reduced serum glucose with concomitant increase in serum urea (Hibbitt, 1988). In the present study also, serum levels of urea were increased (p<0.001) in both the energy-deficient groups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Varying the Energy Density of Protein-adequate Diets on Nutrient Metabolism, Clinical Chemistry, Immune Response and Growth of Muzaffarnagari Lambs

Singh

Pattanaik

Goswami

et al. 2013

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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Effects of varied dietary energy densities on immune response and performance of Muzzafarnagari lambs were ascertained in a 180-d study. Animals (n = 24), in three groups, were fed diets providing 100% (100E), 80% (80E) or 70% (70E) of their metabolizable energy requirement. Mean nutrient digestibilities varied significantly among treatments. Nitrogen intake was lower (p<0.01) in the 70E. Nitrogen retention, was reduced (p<0.001) in 80E and 70E vs 100E. The average daily gain (p<0.001) was 47.01±4.23, 13.54±1.72 and -16.67±8.24 g for 100E, 80E and 70E, respectively. Hemoglobin concentration, haematocrit, total and differential leukocyte counts were lower (p<0.001) for 80E and 70E than for 100E with a similar trend (p<0.05) for serum glucose and total protein. Serum cortisol was reduced (p<0.001) with decreased energy availability. Antibody titre to Brucella abortus S19 showed an initial reduction in 80E and 70E vs 100E. Delayed-type hypersensitivity response was lower (p<0.001) in 80E and 70E vs 100E, accompanying a lower (p<0.001) nitric oxide production by the peripheral lymphocytes. It is concluded that the reduced dietary energy density significantly affects the growth performance and immune response of lambs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Varying the Energy Density of Protein-adequate Diets on Nutrient Metabolism, Clinical Chemistry, Immune Response and Growth of Muzaffarnagari Lambs

Singh

Pattanaik

Goswami

et al. 2013

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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“…under a restricted regimen, have been also seldom studied (e.g. in lambs, Yurtman et al, 2002). The consequences of a reduction in dietary protein content, that have become relevant after the Nitrate Directive and its restrictions on nitrogen emissions, have mainly focussed on productive aspects such as meat quality or growth (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of behaviour in stabled draught horse foals fed diets with two protein levels

Sartori

Guzzo

Normando

et al. 2017

Animal

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The present work is aimed at evaluating the behaviour of Italian Heavy Draught Horse (IHDH) foals reared in semi-covered stables and fed two isoenergetic total mixed rations with different dietary protein levels (13.2% and 10.6% of CP on dry matter). The study was prompted by the restrictions for nitrate emissions in farms of the European Nitrate Directive. One suggested solution is to reduce dietary protein while maintaining normal performance and welfare, but there is a lack of literature in studies of horses. The behaviours of 20 foals of 437 ± 60 kg of BW, aged 379 ± 37 days and stabled in four pens by sex (S) and diet (D) were video recorded and analysed to build a suitable ethogram including 18 behaviours in six categories: ingestion, resting, maintenance, movement, social activities, other. The percentage of the daily time spent in each behavioural category and single behaviours was analysed via a single traits GLM including S, D and their interaction. Daily activity was consistent with existing literature: foals spent about 33% of the day in ingestion activities and 41% in resting, whereas social interactions constituted 8% of the time and individual maintenance <2%. Concerning diet, foals fed high protein spent more time in movement (19.62 ± 0.73% of day v. 10.45 ± 0.73% in low-protein (LP) foals; P ⩽ 0.001), whereas the LP group increased resting (43.42 ± 1.12% v. 38.02 ± 1.12%; P ⩽ 0.001). No stereotypies were found, and daily activity followed the typical values for draught breeds for foals in both dietary groups, a result that suggests the maintenance of well-being after dietary protein reduction. This result, together with the findings of a companion study showing no changes in growth performances of foals, showed that a reduction of CP in foal diet is reconcilable with the maintenance of performance and welfare.

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“…(2008) also observed that calves fed restricted quantities of milk ingested their available milk allotment faster than calves given ad libitum access to milk, suggesting that it was likely associated to hunger. In this sense, restricted levels of intake can also result in development of some stereotypies, like bar biting and feeder‐chewing (Cooper and Jackson, 1996; Yurtman et al., 2002), which have been related to an increased feeding motivation (Redbo et al., 1996). In our study, stereotyped behaviour was clearly stimulated by feed restriction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chewing patterns and digestion in sheep submitted to feed restriction

Galvani

Pires

Wommer

et al. 2010

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition

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Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the relationship among the level of feed intake, chewing pattern, and diet digestibility in sheep fed a moderate-concentrate diet. The first experiment was conducted using six male lambs at a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design to evaluate diet digestibility and microbial N synthesis according to the level of intake: ad libitum, or restricted to either 70 or 55% of the ad libitum intake. In the second experiment, fifteen male lambs were housed in individual stalls, in a completely randomized design, and fed one of the three levels of dry matter intake (DMI). Chewing patterns were then evaluated for 24 h using a regular 5-min interval observation technique, two times during the experimental period. Decreasing level of feed intake resulted in increased apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fibre, as well as of the true digestibility of organic matter. Total time spent eating and ruminating decreased with feed restriction. However, lambs fed at restricted levels of intake presented a higher rate of eating (g DMI/min) than those fed ad libitum, and spent more time ruminating each gram of DM (min/g DMI). In conclusion, our results suggest that a more effective chewing during rumination activity can have an important role on feed digestion in animals submitted to feed restriction.

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Effects of daily protein intake levels on the oral stereotypic behaviours in energy restricted lambs

Cited by 30 publications

References 16 publications

Effect of Varying the Energy Density of Protein-adequate Diets on Nutrient Metabolism, Clinical Chemistry, Immune Response and Growth of Muzaffarnagari Lambs

Effect of Varying the Energy Density of Protein-adequate Diets on Nutrient Metabolism, Clinical Chemistry, Immune Response and Growth of Muzaffarnagari Lambs

Evaluation of behaviour in stabled draught horse foals fed diets with two protein levels

Chewing patterns and digestion in sheep submitted to feed restriction

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