Effects of cutting frequency and height on alkaloid production in endophyte-infected drunken horse grass (Achnatherum inebrians)

Zhang, Xingxu; Li, Chunjie; Zhang, Nan

doi:10.1007/s11427-011-4181-y

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(23 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Increasing the clipping height from 5 to 8 cm above the soil surface caused an increase in dry weight per plant of 85.2, 308.3, 393.3, and 51.85 % in Galium aparine L., Galeopsis tetrahit L., Polygonum convolvulus L., and Avena fatua L., respectively (Andreasen et al 2002). Other studies have also reported that clipping height is an important influencing factor for grass regrowth (Conn and Seefeldt 2009;Gastal et al 2010;Regmi and Devkota 2009;Zhang et al 2011). However, the mechanism by which clipping height affects forage grass regrowth remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of leaf zeatin and zeatin riboside induced by different clipping heights on the regrowth capacity of ryegrass

Wang

Guo

Hou

et al. 2013

Ecological Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effect of clipping height on ryegrass regrowth was investigated by examining the roles of several plant hormones. Our study consisted of three treatment conditions: (1) darkness over whole plants, (2) darkness only over stubble leaf sheaths, and (3) light over whole plants. Results showed that under darkness over whole plant, low stubble height resulted in low leaf regrowth biomass. Similar leaf regrowth biomass was observed under conditions of darkness only over stubble leaf sheaths as well as light over whole plants. Each unit weight of stubble at different clipping heights has relatively similar potential of providing stored organic substance for leaf regrowth. Therefore, regrowth index, calculated as newly grown leaf biomass divided by unit stubble weight, was used to evaluate regrowth capacity at different clipping heights under minimal influence of organic substances stored in stubbles. Under light over whole plants and single clipping, low stubble height and high stubble height with root thinning resulted in low leaf biomass and high regrowth index. On the other hand, under light over whole plants and frequent clipping high leaf biomass and regrowth index were observed in high stubble height. In addition, we found that leaf zeatin and zeatin riboside (Z + ZR) affected ryegrass regrowth and that roots regulated leaf Z + ZR concentration. Thus, our results indicate that root-derived cytokinin concentration in leaves influences ryegrass regrowth at different clipping heights.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of leaf zeatin and zeatin riboside induced by different clipping heights on the regrowth capacity of ryegrass

Wang

Guo

Hou

et al. 2013

Ecological Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To confirm the endophyte infection status, the endophyte was detected by microscopic examination for both E+ and E- plants. Referring to the procedure by Zhang et al (2011) reported that the alkaloids were determined with Agilent 1100 series high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system, ZORBAX - XDB C18 reversed phase chromatographic column, mobile phase flow rate of 1 ml/min, 20 ul, testing with VWD uv monitor [8]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of feeding drunken horse grass infected with Epichloë gansuensis endophyte on animal performance, clinical symptoms and physiological parameters in sheep

Wang¹,

Li²,

Zhang³

et al. 2017

BMC Vet Res

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundMany reports showed that grass-endophyte symbiosis induced livestock poisoned. Yet, there is no study evaluating clinical symptoms and physiological parameters in sheep fed Epichloë gansuensis endophyte-infected grass. The objective of the present study was to investigate these indexes by feeding sheep with endophyte-infected A. inebrians (E+ Group) or endophyte-free A. inebrians (E- Group) drunken horse grass or alfalfa hay (Control Group).ResultsThe Epichloë endophyte caused obvious toxicity symptoms in the sheep fed E+ A. inebrians, with 1 of the 5 sheep having died by the 35th day. The feed intake and body weight gain of the E+ Group were significantly less than the E- and control groups (P < 0.05). Serum concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT, 45.5 mmol/L) and aspartate aminotransferase for the E+ group (AST, 139.3 mmol/L) were significantly (P < 0.05) greater than for the E- (ALT, 31.2 mmol/L; AST, 78.6 mmol/L) and control (ALT, 32.6 mmol/L; AST, 56.6 mmol/L) groups at the fifth week; serum concentration of creatinine for the E+ group (63.8 mmol/L) was also significantly (P < 0.05) greater than for E- (56.6 mmol/L) and control groups (58.5 mmol/L). Meanwhile, urine biochemical indices for the E+ group indicated that ketone and occult blood were significantly (P < 0.05) elevated compared to the other groups while urine pH values were significantly (P < 0.05) acidic. The relative weight of heart, brain, liver, lung and kidney for Group E+ were almost two fold more than the other groups, but uterus weight was about half that found for Group E- or Control.ConclusionsWe conclude that the Epichloë endophyte infection is the cause of A. inebrians toxicity to sheep. Interestingly, none of the measured parameters differed significantly between E- and the control groups, which implied that drunken horse grass could be utilized efficiently by sheep when not infected by the Epichloë endophyte.

show abstract

“…In a plant-environment interaction, flavonoids play a major role for the survival of plants including in defending against biotic and abiotic stresses, such as UV radiations, pathogens and insects (War et al, 2012). Other study has reported that a fortnightly instead of weekly cutting increases the level of alkaloid in horse grass (Zhang et al, 2011). In fact, alkaloid production in grass was reported to be affected even by mowing height (Salminen et al, 2003) and maturity stages (Onyeonagu and Ukwueze, 2012).…”

Section: Effects Of Fertilizer Application and Harvesting Frequency Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Fertilizer Application and Successive Harvesting on Clipping Yield, Phytochemical Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of fertilizer application and successive harvesting on phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities of Cynodon dactylon, a medicinal Bermuda grass in Sabah (Malaysia). Three fertilizers of two nitrogen concentrations were used in the experiment. The grass was harvested successively three times at five-weeks interval. Grass treated with 25 kg N/ha/month from the first harvest was found to have the highest clipping yield. Successive harvesting decreased the dry matter production of the grass irrespective of N concentration applied. Total saponin and alkaloid contents of the grass were increased by a combination treatment of fertilizer type × rate × harvesting; total flavonoid content was increased by fertilizer type × harvesting treatments; however, total phenolic content was not affected by any of the treatment or combination of the treatments. Both of the antioxidant assays (DPPH and FRAP) indicated that antioxidant activity of the grass was increased by fertilizer rate × harvesting treatments. There was a significant correlation found between total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities, suggesting that these two secondary metabolites may contribute to the antioxidant property of the grass. Overall, the obtained data indicated that the described treatments could be used to manipulate the production and accumulation of bioactive compounds of C. dactylon.

show abstract

Effects of cutting frequency and height on alkaloid production in endophyte-infected drunken horse grass (Achnatherum inebrians)

Cited by 28 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of leaf zeatin and zeatin riboside induced by different clipping heights on the regrowth capacity of ryegrass

Effects of leaf zeatin and zeatin riboside induced by different clipping heights on the regrowth capacity of ryegrass

Effects of feeding drunken horse grass infected with Epichloë gansuensis endophyte on animal performance, clinical symptoms and physiological parameters in sheep

Effects of Fertilizer Application and Successive Harvesting on Clipping Yield, Phytochemical Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About