Effects of current load on wear and fretting corrosion of gold-plated electrical contacts

Ren, Wanbin; Wang, Peng; Song, Jing; Zhai, Guofu

doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2013.09.024

Cited by 59 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The fretting regimes of gold-coated copper alloy material were studied by using a designed test rig, which is described in detail in [27,28]. Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on fretting Regimes of gold-plated copper alloy electrical contact material under different vibration amplitude and frequency combinations

Ren

Cui³

et al. 2014

Wear

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“…The fretting regimes of gold-coated copper alloy material were studied by using a designed test rig, which is described in detail in [27,28]. Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on fretting Regimes of gold-plated copper alloy electrical contact material under different vibration amplitude and frequency combinations

Ren

Cui³

et al. 2014

Wear

Self Cite

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“…In this case, the measured adhesion force is 2 mN, and the strain strength of gold is = 140 N/mm 2, 22 the resistivity is = 21.9 Ω ⋅ mm, and the contact resistance is calculated about 1.08 mΩ using (11). Furthermore, the thickness and area of the adhesion parts is estimated to 0.2 μm and 14 μm 2 using (3) and (12), respectively, and then the current density through the adhesion part is about 3.5 × 10 10 A/ m 2 when the current is 0.5 A. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: B Relationship Between Adhesion Resistance and Adhesion Forcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6][7]8 Despite these unique attributes, typical failure phenomena including surface adhesion (also called stiction), contact welding, and intermittency still occur during electrical contact events and remain a concern. 9,10,11,12,13 To our knowledge, the dominant physical failure mechanisms of surface adhesion for gold-plated electrical contact material are not fully understood yet. Therefore, the current situation offers both challenges and opportunities for miniaturization of traditional electromechanical devices and practical MEMS switches.…”

Section: Section I Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Surface Adhesion Phenomena and Mechanism of Gold-Plated Contacts at Superlow Making/Breaking Speed

Ren

Cheng

Chen

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Compon., Packag. Manufact. Technol.

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Surface adhesion phenomena of gold-plated copper contact materials are studied in conditions of nonarc load (5/15/25 V and 0.2/0.5/1 A) and superlow speed (25 and 50 nm/s) realized by a piezoactuator during the making and breaking processes. It is shown that softening and melting of local asperities leads to interface adhesion, which results from the joule heat generated by the contact resistance; it is determined that the change of contact force with time obeys the negative exponential distribution and the time constant is associated with the adhesion force directly. Based on the fitting experimental data, the relationship between the adhesion force and the contact resistance while breaking can be expressed as ∝ −1 , which indicates that the main component of contact resistance is the bulk resistance of weld nugget and the constriction resistance is negligible.

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“…Also, the effect of Cu grain size on fretting wear resistance has been an issue in efforts to maintain robust electrical contact [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Wear Resistance in Laser Shock-Peened Copper Contacts

Jung¹,

Park²,

Chun³

et al. 2020

Korean J. Met. Mater.

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This study investigated the influence of laser shock peening without coating (LSPw/oC) on the degradation of copper electrical contacts. A theoretical calculation of the plastic-affected depth (PAD) induced by LSPw/oC was performed, based on the laser-induced plasma pressure along with the Hugoniot elastic limit of our LSPw/oC experimental conditions. The theoretical PAD was obtained approximately 650 µm from the surface for the LSPw/oC at the laser energy density of 5.3 GW/cm2. Various characterization methods such as the Vicker’s hardness test, residual stress test, and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) mapping indicated the PAD may play a significant role in laser induced effective depth for LSPw/oC. At a laser energy density of 5.3 GW/cm2, the laser shock-peened copper showed approximately double the surface hardness as compared to the pure copper. This was attributed to grain refinement, which was confirmed by measuring average grain sizes, and by observing mechanical twin structures from the EBSD analysis. Additionally, a compressive residual stress was induced down to the PAD but gradually switched to a tensile residual stress below PAD. The surface hardening effect conferred by LSPw/oC to the pure copper surface resulted in excellent wear resistance, i.e., a low coefficient of friction and wear loss. As a result, the contact exhibited lower electrical resistance following the fretting friction test compared to pure copper; this would result in a significant delay in electrical contact failure.

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Effects of current load on wear and fretting corrosion of gold-plated electrical contacts

Cited by 59 publications

References 19 publications

Research on fretting Regimes of gold-plated copper alloy electrical contact material under different vibration amplitude and frequency combinations

Research on fretting Regimes of gold-plated copper alloy electrical contact material under different vibration amplitude and frequency combinations

Investigation of the Surface Adhesion Phenomena and Mechanism of Gold-Plated Contacts at Superlow Making/Breaking Speed

Improvement of Wear Resistance in Laser Shock-Peened Copper Contacts

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