Effects of cultivation and cultural practice on root rot of subterranean clover

Abstract

Field experiments in 1975 and 1976 in south-western Western Australia investigated the effects of various cultivation and cultural practices on the level of root rot of subterranean clover. The treatments produced significant reductions in the levels of both tap and lateral root rot, but these reductions failed to persist beyond the second year after treatment. The best treatments were those of fallowing an area from August to March before cultivation and reseeding, or spring cultivation before sowing to oats followed by a March cultivation and reseeding.

Enhancing legume N2 fixation through plant and soil management

“…The use of tolerant or resistant legume cultivars is one approach to controlling disease outbreaks (Dear et al, 1993); however, utilization of high-quality seed and appropriate rotations or cultural practices are other practical means of limiting disease incidence (Barbetti and MacNish, 1984;Sinclair, 1994). Suitable fungicides are also available to minimize the incidence of a number of legume diseases (e.g.…”

Manipulating the ecosystem enables management of soilborne pathogen complexes in annual legume forage systems

“…This has led to renewed focus on the potential for manipulating the ecosystem for managing soilborne disease complexes. Over recent decades, the main focus towards manipulating the ecosystem for such disease management of soilborne diseases in forage legumes has been use of cultivation (Barbetti & MacNish, ; You et al ., ). However, no cultivation or other ecosystem manipulation treatment has been recommended to livestock producers as a means of reducing root disease.…”

“…However, no cultivation or other ecosystem manipulation treatment has been recommended to livestock producers as a means of reducing root disease. The reasons for this include the lack of long‐term persistence of root disease reductions, significant levels of root disease present even after cultivation, concern over reduced stand densities and consequent production losses from cultivation, increased damage from root knot nematodes following cultivation (Barbetti & MacNish, ; Barbetti et al ., ; You et al ., ), and the fact that effects can be very soil type‐ or farming system‐dependent (Smiley et al ., ). Historically, other attempts at manipulating the ecosystem for disease control include manipulating grazing (Smiley et al ., ), making soil pH adjustment (Barbetti, ), or seed inoculation with Rhizobium (Smiley et al ., ; Wong et al ., ).…”

Cross-pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solani strains on pasture legumes in pasture-crop rotations

“…Tap and lateral roots were together assessed for disease severity using a 1 to 3 scale (Barbetti and MacNish 1984) where: 1=root completely healthy to slight root rot (not exceeding 10% of root tissue affected by root rot); 2=moderate root rot (11-70% of root tissue affected); and 3=severe root rot (between 71% and 100% root tissue affected or rotted-off). Typical R. solani root rot symptoms on the legumes tested consisted of rotting of tap and lateral roots and included pinching of roots resulting in 'brown spear' tip symptoms resulting from the shredding of the cortical cells (Verma et al 1996).…”