Effects of Cultivar and Maternal Environment on Seed Quality in Vicia sativa

Li, Rong; Chen, Lijun; Wu, Yang; Zhang, Rui; Baskin, Carol C.; Baskin, Jerry M.; Hu, Xiaowen

doi:10.3389/fpls.2017.01411

Cited by 49 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Seed germination is the beginning of the life history for seed plants ( Donohue et al, 2010 ; Nonogaki et al, 2010 ; Lai et al, 2015 ). It has been suggested that one way in which the environment indirectly affects seed germination is through the types and amounts of compounds transferred from the mother plant to the seeds ( Donohue, 2009 ; Baskin and Baskin, 2014 ; Li et al, 2017 ). This transfer of compounds to seeds includes carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, which are the major reserves in most seeds ( Alencar et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobilization and Role of Starch, Protein, and Fat Reserves during Seed Germination of Six Wild Grassland Species

et al. 2018

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Since seed reserves can influence seed germination, the quantitative and qualitative differences in seed reserves may relate to the germination characteristics of species. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the correlation between germination and seed reserves, as well as their mobilization during germination of six grassland species (Chloris virgata, Kochia scoparia, Lespedeza hedysaroides, Astragalus adsurgens, Leonurus artemisia, and Dracocephalum moldavica) and compare the results with domesticated species. We measured starch, protein, and fat content in dry seeds and the initial absorption of water during imbibition. Starch, soluble protein, fat, and soluble sugar content also were determined at five stages during germination. Starch, protein, and fat reserves in dry seeds were not significantly correlated with germination percentage and rate (speed), but soluble sugar and soluble protein contents at different germination stages were positively significantly correlated with germination rate for the six species. Starch was mainly used during seed imbibition, and soluble protein was used from the imbibition stage to the highest germination stage. Fat content for all species remained relatively constant throughout germination for six species, regardless of the proportion of other seed reserves in the seeds. Our results for fat utilization differ from those obtained for cultivated grasses and legumes. These results provide new insight on the role of seed reserves as energy resources in germination for wild species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobilization and Role of Starch, Protein, and Fat Reserves during Seed Germination of Six Wild Grassland Species

et al. 2018

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“…The maternal growing environment affects not only plant productivity but also seed quality traits of C 3 and C 4 crops [1,2]. Quality seed production is crucial for the initial establishment of plants in the natural environment, such as prairies, where big bluestem establishes naturally from seeds and spreads through vegetative growth [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental Environmental Effects on Seed Quality and Germination Response to Temperature of Andropogon gerardii

Singh

Singh²,

Matcha

et al. 2019

Agronomy

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Parental environments (PEs) affect seed quality and might alter the re-establishment of big bluestem grass due to impacts on seed germination. An in vitro study was conducted to quantify the temperature response of seed germination and its interaction with the PE in big bluestem. Seeds developed under eight PEs consisting of a combination of four day/night growth temperatures (GTs) (20/12, 25/17, 30/22, and 35/27 • C) and two CO 2 levels (360 and 720 µL L −1 ) were germinated at eight temperatures (germination temperatures (GRTs)) ranging from 10 to 42.5 • C. Quadratic and modified bilinear regressions best described the cardinal temperatures for the estimated maximum seed germination (MSG) and seed germination rate (SGR), respectively. The average MSG and SGR showed differential responses to the PEs and significantly declined above a 35 • C GRT across the PEs. For the SGR, the minimum and optimum temperatures showed significant differences from other treatments but the opposite response to elevated CO 2 , while maximum temperatures significantly declined at high (35/27 • C) and low GTs (20/12 • C). Seed quality parameters, individual seed weight, and C and N contents showed a high correlation (R 2 > 60) with the average percentage of seed germination and the SGR. Thus, high temperatures for both the PEs (>30/22 • C) and GRTs (>30 • C) could significantly reduce germination, affecting the re-establishment of big bluestem.Agronomy 2019, 9, 304 2 of 17 growing temperature strongly affects the rate and duration of the seed filling period, thus affecting seed mass and composition, such as nitrogen and carbon contents [5,6]. Also, elevated CO 2 has been found to decrease seed constituents, such as mineral elements and organic compounds [7]. The current levels of global mean surface air temperature and atmospheric CO 2 are likely to exceed 1.1 to 5.4 • C, depending on representative concentration pathway scenarios, by the end of the 21st century [8]. Huxman et al. [9] found an increased C/N ratio in elevated-CO 2 -developed Bromus rubens L. grass seeds, which resulted in reduced seed quality and seedling performance. Moreover, Hampton et al. [10] suggested that elevated CO 2 during seed development might produce greater ethylene, which induces early seed germination in many species. The adverse impacts of high temperatures on seeds during development might be attributed to the limited supply of photosynthetic assimilates [3,11] and physiological damage leading to a loss of seeds' ability to germinate [1]. Thus, the combined impacts of temperature and elevated CO 2 are likely to alter seed traits essential for initial plant establishment.Seed mass, composition, viability, germination, and seedling vigor are some useful seed quality indicators for the establishment purposes of plants [12,13]. Seed germination characteristics are easy to determine under a laboratory set-up and have been widely exploited for the selection of cultivars with environmental stress tolerance in several crops, including rice [14], cotton [15], s...

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“…(Gao et al, 2012), and Ricinus communis L. (Severino and Auld, 2013), suggesting that large seeds with high carbohydrates, proteins, and free AA reserves provide more energy to fuel germination than small seeds. However, V. sativa seeds (Li et al, 2017) produced at increased temperatures had a significantly low seed mass and FGP and long T50 because the high‐temperature stress accelerated seed growth rate and decreased photosynthetic assimilation to synthesize seed storage compounds that negatively affect seed mass, thereby lowering seed germination traits (Hampton et al, 2013). Thus, improved soil temperature and water conditions under plastic mulching were optimal to increase V. unijuga seed provisioning (mass) for high germination success in harsh subalpine environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…H igh seed set and seed quality are highly desirable characteristics when new crop and forage species are being evaluated (Tokumoto and Nakagawa, 2015; Zohaib et al, 2018), but they are vulnerable to environmental stresses such as low or high temperatures and drought, which can prevent seed maturation or decrease offspring performance (Kong et al, 2015; Li et al, 2017; Tokumoto and Nakagawa, 2015; Walter et al, 2016). The number of seeds per pod (SP) is one of the most variable seed yield components, and it has been well documented that SP is influenced by decreasing ovule fertilization, embryo development, and final seed set under stressful conditions (Pushpavalli et al, 2015; Vleugels et al, 2016).…”

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“…The C. arietinum plants grown at high temperatures produced seeds with greater mass (and thus reserves) and increased germinability than those grown at low temperatures (Nayyar et al, 2007). On the other hand, increased temperatures during seed filling decreased seed mass and FGP for Vicia stativa L. (Li et al, 2017). Drought during the late stages of seed development reduced the duration of seed filling, resulting in decreased final seed mass, germinability, and seedling growth of L. sativus (Kong et al, 2015) and Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Ghanbari et al, 2015).…”

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Mulching Affects Seed Set, Provisioning, and Offspring Performance of Vicia unijuga (Fabaceae)

Tang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Agronomy Journal

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Core Ideas Seed set of V. unijuga plants can be maximized by mulching in subalpine conditions. Plastic mulching increased seed provisioning, thus improving V. unijuga seed quality. Increased seed provisioning (mass) of V. unijuga improved germination success. Large seeds/seedlings have higher competitive ability relative to small seeds. ABSTRACT Our aim was to identify the soil and environmental modifications needed to improve seed set and seed quality of the perennial forage legume perennial vetch (Vicia unijuga A. Br.) in harsh subalpine conditions. A 3‐yr field experiment was conducted in a subalpine zone of China to evaluate the effects of modified soil temperature and moisture conditions generated by no mulching (control), plastic film mulching (FM), removal of plastic film mulching at the 30% flowering stage (RM), and threshed barley straw mulching (SM) on seed set, mass, reserves, germination, and seedling growth. The FM and SM treatments were efficient in increasing seed maturation and decreasing ovule abortion at the base of the pods. There were higher 100‐seed weight (HSW) and seed nutrient reserves in the FM and RM treatments, accompanied by higher final germination percentage (FGP) and lower time to 50% germination (T50) and greater initial seedling growth than in the control, whereas the reverse was true for the SM treatment. Modified soil temperature and moisture generated by mulching improved offspring performance traits of V. unijuga through an increase in HSW. The HSW was positively correlated with FGP and seedling growth traits and was negatively associated with T50. In conclusion, the FM treatment provided adequate soil temperature and water resources to maximize seed set by V. unijuga plants. The well‐provisioned seeds from this treatment conferred the advantages of good offspring performance on high germination and seedling growth traits.

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Effects of Cultivar and Maternal Environment on Seed Quality in Vicia sativa

Cited by 49 publications

References 36 publications

Mobilization and Role of Starch, Protein, and Fat Reserves during Seed Germination of Six Wild Grassland Species

Mobilization and Role of Starch, Protein, and Fat Reserves during Seed Germination of Six Wild Grassland Species

Parental Environmental Effects on Seed Quality and Germination Response to Temperature of Andropogon gerardii

Mulching Affects Seed Set, Provisioning, and Offspring Performance of Vicia unijuga (Fabaceae)

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