Effects of crystallization temperature and cooling rate on the polymorphism of trans‐1,4‐polyisoprene vulcanizate

Abstract

The effects of crystallization temperature and cooling rate on the polymorphism of trans-1,4-polyisoprene vulcanizate (TPI-V) with different sulfur dosages were monitored by WAXD in real time. The results showed that both the crystallization temperature and the cooling rate play decisive roles in determining the polymorphism and their relative amounts, whereas their effects are interfered by the crosslinking density which restrains the crystallization kinetics. Only α crystal is formed when crystallization is conducted at 40 C or greater and mixed α/β crystals are obtained in the temperature range of 10-30 C. β crystal is predominate when crystallized at 10 C while α crystal is limited at 30 C. Both the lower temperature and increased crosslinking density are beneficial to β crystal formation. A high crosslinking density causes a prolonged time is needed for pure α crystal formation, and hinders the TPI-Vs from forming pure α crystal even if crystallization is conducted at 45 C. A lower cooling rate favors the formation of α crystal while a higher cooling rate favors β crystal formation. The β spherulites are much brighter than α spherulites under the observation of polarized microscopy.

Fabrication and characterization of Trans‐1,4‐polyisoprene/carbon nanotubes nanocomposites with thermo‐ and electro‐active shape memory effects

“…Besides, trans-1,4-polyisoprene (TPI) is one of semicrystalline polymers, which can be found in either natural plants such as eucommia ulmoides or synthesized artificially. 30 Uncured TPI is usually used as a kind of plastics with low melting point and no shape memory effect due to lacking of recovery network, while partially cross-linked TPI displays shape memory performance because cross-linking network can serve as reversible phase. 31 Recently, TPI is receiving increasing attention because of its easily-tailored transition temperature about 317-325 K, excellent fixing ratio, and strong shape recovery stress.…”