Effects of Coupling Controlled Release Urea with Water on Yield and Photo-synthetic Characteristics in Summer Maize

Li, Guanghao; Zhao, Bin; Dong, Shuting; Liu, Peng; Zhang, Jiwang; He, Zai-Ju

doi:10.3724/sp.j.1006.2015.01406

Cited by 9 publications

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“…The interactive effects of water and CRU on dry matter accumulation and grain dry weight in summer maize reached a significant level (Tables 2 and 3 ). The reason was that managing for optimum interactions of water and CRU could effectively improve the photosynthetic capacity of ear leaves in summer maize [ 42 ], as well as improve the plant dry matter production capacity, promote the production and distribution of photosynthetic products to grain, and optimize high yields of summer maize.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of controlled release urea on maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency under different water conditions

Zhao

Dong

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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Controlled release urea (CRU) has been widely adopted to increase nitrogen (N) use efficiency and maize production, but the impacts can range widely depending on water availability in the soil. In an experiment using Zhengdan 958 (a popular summer maize hybrid), three levels of water treatments (adequate water condition [W3], which maintained soil moisture at about 75% ± 5% of the soil’s field capacity; mild water stress [W2], which maintained moisture content at 55% ± 5% of field capacity; and severe water stress [W1], which had a moisture content of 35% ± 5% of field capacity) and four levels of controlled release urea fertilizer (N0, N1, N2 and N3 were 0, 105, 210 and 315 kg N ha–1, respectively) were compared in a rainout shelter system with soil. The results revealed that CRU had significant effects on maize yields and N use efficiencies under different water conditions. The mean yields increased with increasing water levels and showed significant differences. Under W1, the accumulation of dry matter and N were limited, and N internal efficiency (NIE) and the apparent recovery efficiency of applied N (REN) decreased with N increases; yields of N1, N2, and N3 were similar. Under W2, the dry matter and N accumulation, as well as the yield, showed an increasing trend with an increase in N application, and the NIE and REN of N3 showed no difference from N2. Under W3, yields of N2 and N3 were similar and they were significantly higher than that of N1, but the agronomic N use efficiency (ANUE), REN, and the physiological NUE (PNUE) of N2 were 54.2, 34.9, and 14.4% higher, respectively, than those of N3. N application beyond the optimal N rate did not consistently increase maize yield, and caused a decrease in N use efficiencies. Highest overall dry matter, N accumulation, and yields were observed with N3 under W2, and those showed no differences with N2 and N3 under W3. Under this experimental condition, the CRU of 210 kg ha–1 was optimized when soil moisture content was 75% ± 5% of field capacity, but an N rate of 315 kg ha–1 was superior when soil moisture content during the entire growing season was maintained at 55% ± 5% of field capacity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have demonstrated that yields increase with increasing N application under the same water conditions; they also increase with increasing water content at the same N level [ 27 , 42 ]. Shao et al [ 44 ] found a significant positive coupling effect between N and water on maize yield.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of controlled release urea on maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency under different water conditions

Zhao

Dong

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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“…Senescence significantly reduces the chlorophyll content in the leaves of crops, thus affecting the normal course of photosynthesis (Chen, Dong, 2016). A study found that reasonable and controlled release of urea can effectively increase chlorophyll content in summer maize leaves and delay leaf senescence (Li et al, 2017). SOD and POD activities indicate the ability of plants to resist senescence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of tillage methods on senescence and grain filling characteristics of Tartary buckwheat

Zhang

et al. 2020

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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A field experiment was conducted on a yellow loam in 2017 and 2018. The study used a Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum L.) cultivar 'Jinqiao 2' to determine the effects of no-tillage, conventional tillage and deep tillage on the senescence and grain filling characteristics. The tillage methods were investigated based on the changes in buckwheat grain filling dynamics, root morphology and physiology, photosynthetic pigment content, antioxidant enzyme activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and yield formation. The initial growth power, maximum grain filling rate, the values of root morphological characteristics, root activity, photosynthetic pigment contents and antioxidant enzyme activities were the highest under deep tillage. The MDA content was the highest under no-tillage. The agronomic characters and yield formation indexes of Tartary buckwheat were better under deep tillage. The results of this study showed that deep tillage promoted the grain filling of Tartary buckwheat, delayed the senescence and increased the final yield.

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“…The results of our study indicate a significant inter‐annual variance in forage yield and quality, which might be attributed to the rainfall distribution across different growth stages. More rainfall after the VT stage in maize growth in 2018 kept the soil moisture at a high level up to the harvest, and may have retarded plant senescence (Han et al., 2016; Li et al., 2017), which resulted in increases in leaf chlorophyll content and plant water content as compared with 2017 (Table 1). However, that does not contribute to the WUE or maize yield improvements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maize grain yield is linearly related to rainfall between the V6 and VT stages (Han, 2013; Schmidt, Sripada, Beegle, Rotz, & Hong, 2011). More rainfall between the V6 and VT stages could increase dry matter accumulation before tasseling, and thus improve pollen activity and pollination rate, which then increases the number of grains per ear and grain yield (Li et al., 2017; Song, Dai, Zhang, Huang, & Gu, 1998; Wang et al., 2018). Although the rainfall during the maize growth season in 2018 was 15% higher than in 2017, the rainfall between the V6 and VT stages in 2017 was twice the amount in 2018, resulting in a higher WUE and grain yield in 2017 (Table 3, 7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The optimal plant density of maize for dairy cow forage production

Han

Liu

et al. 2020

Agronomy Journal

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Whole maize (Zea mays L.) plant (WMP) silage is an important feed for dairy cows. In northern China, yields and feed quality are adjusted by modifying the planting density. This paper is the result of a 2-yr field study aimed at determining the effects of plant density on maize silage yield and quality. Five planting densities (52,500, 60,000, 67,500, 75,000, and 82,500 plants ha −1 ) were used. The results showed that plant height and leaf area increased, while stem diameter, chlorophyll, and leaf area per plant decreased with increasing plant density. Both the biomass yield, expressed as the dry matter (DM) per ha, and the utilizable energy yield improved when the density was increased from 67,500 to 75,000 plants ha −1 , but increasing the density further reduced these values. The highest observed DM were 17,734 kg ha −1 and 17,055 kg ha −1 , and total net energy for lactation (NE L ) were 104.1 GJ ha −1 and 97.0 GJ ha −1 in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Feeding quality generally decreased with increasing plant density. The plant density which obtained the highest biomass yield was not the same as the plant density for optimizing feeding production. Compared with the highest predicted DM yields, the highest predicted total NE L yields increased the grading index by 4-9%, which indicated an improvement in forage quality. Total NE L yield is more efficient for the purpose of evaluating the productivity of WMP forage than biomass yield.

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Effects of Coupling Controlled Release Urea with Water on Yield and Photo-synthetic Characteristics in Summer Maize

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Impact of controlled release urea on maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency under different water conditions

Impact of controlled release urea on maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency under different water conditions

Effects of tillage methods on senescence and grain filling characteristics of Tartary buckwheat

The optimal plant density of maize for dairy cow forage production

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