Effects of cosmetics on the skin microbiome of facial cheeks with different hydration levels

Abstract

Basic cosmetics was used by volunteers belonging to high (HHG) and low (LHG) hydration groups for 4 weeks, and bacterial communities and biophysical parameters in facial skin were analyzed. Hydration level increases and transepidermal water loss and roughness decreases were observed in both groups after cosmetic use. Bacterial diversity was greater in LHG than HHG, and increased after cosmetic use in both groups. Bray–Curtis dissimilarities that were higher in LHG than HHG increased in HHG after cosmetic use, whereas they decreased in LHG. The phyla Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes and the genera Propionibacterium, Ralstonia, Burkholderia, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Cupriavidus, and Pelomonas were identified as common groups and they were not significantly different between LHG and HHG except for Propionibacterium that was more abundant in HHG. After cosmetic use, Propionibacterium, Staphylococcus, and Corynebacterium decreased, whereas Ralstonia, not a core genus, increased, as did KEGG categories of lipid metabolism and xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism, suggesting that Ralstonia in skin may have the ability to metabolize cosmetics components. Bacterial communities after cosmetic use were different from those in both LHG and HHG before the cosmetic use, indicating that bacterial communities in LHG were not shifted to resemble those in HHG by cosmetics use.

Distinct Skin Microbiome and Skin Physiological Functions Between Bedridden Older Patients and Healthy People: A Single-Center Study in Japan

“…Skin microbiomes can be altered via changes in skin physiological functions and vice versa. For example, several commensal bacteria on the skin can maintain a slightly acidic pH, and such an acidic condition can in turn facilitate the growth of these commensal bacteria (10); pathogenic bacteria can flourish under high skin pH (11); and the levels of facial skin hydration (moisture) and sebum are related to different microbial patterns (12,13). Because bedridden older patients usually use diapers and their skin is in contact with urine and/or feces for a long time, incontinence-associated skin deterioration, such as increase in skin pH, and dysbiosis can also be a problem (14,15).…”

Structural and Functional Analysis of the Gut Microbiome for Toxicologists

“…Reports indicate the lung microbiome is altered following exposure to aerosolized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Hosgood et al, 2015). Additional data supports that the skin microbiome can be altered by xenobiotics (Lee et al, 2017). Despite the importance of the microbiome in toxicology, investigation into the impact xenobiotics can have on the microbiome, or the potential influence the microbiome can have on toxicologic endpoints remains limited.…”

Impact of Selected Cosmetic Ingredients on Common Microorganisms of Healthy Human Skin

“…On the other hand, they often contain ingredients, e.g., preservatives, which have an inhibitory effect and disturb the microbiota. It has been shown, that cosmetic ingredients influence the skin microbiome and that microbial diversity can significantly change with the use of cosmetics [18][19][20][21][22]. However, to date no systematic studies have been performed.…”