Effects of cortisol and stress on channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) pathogen susceptibility and lysozyme activity following exposure to Edwardsiella ictaluri

Small, Brian C.; Bilodeau, A. Lelania

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2004.12.004

Cited by 72 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…As described previously, husbandry-induced stress can modulate immune function and disease susceptibility of fish (Yin et al 1995;Davis et al 2003;Iguchi et al 2003;Pruett 2003;Binuramesh et al 2005;Small and Bilodeau 2005;Welker et al 2007). Both immunosuppressive and immunoenhancing effects of stress have been described (e.g.…”

Section: Main Characteristics Of the Intestinal Primary Barriermentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Even if significant alterations in immunological functions occur following exposure to stressors, the consequences for the overall host resistance may not always be deleterious (Pruett 2003). For example, channel catfish subjected to low water stress displayed a higher lysozyme activity than un-stressed individuals, while disease resistance to Edwardsiella ictaluri was significantly lower (Small and Bilodeau 2005).…”

Section: Main Characteristics Of the Intestinal Primary Barriermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cortisol acts as a regulator inhibiting certain constituents of the immune system and enhancing others (e.g., Espelid et al 1996;Pruett 2003;Esteban et al 2004). Also, the regulatory effect varies with cortisol concentration, duration of stress impact (acute versus chronic stress) or species differences in stress sensitivity (Weyts et al 1999;Ruane et al 1999;Barton 2002;Pruett 2003;Small and Bilodeau 2005;Ruane et al 2007). However, it is clear that cortisol is but one amongst several players in mediating the immunosuppressive effects of stressful husbandry conditions on fish.…”

Section: Main Characteristics Of the Intestinal Primary Barriermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Health of farmed fish: its relation to fish welfare and its utility as welfare indicator

Segner

Sundh

Buchmann

et al. 2011

Fish Physiol Biochem

194

102

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This brief review focuses on health and biological function as cornerstones of fish welfare. From the function-based point of view, good welfare is reflected in the ability of the animal to cope with infectious and non-infectious stressors, thereby maintaining homeostasis and good health, whereas stressful husbandry conditions and protracted suffering will lead to the loss of the coping ability and, thus, to impaired health. In the first part of the review, the physiological processes through which stressful husbandry conditions modulate health of farmed fish are examined. If fish are subjected to unfavourable husbandry conditions, the resulting disruption of internal homeostasis necessitates energy-demanding physiological adjustments (allostasis/acclimation). The ensuing energy drain leads to trade-offs with other energy-demanding processes such as the functioning of the primary epithelial barriers (gut, skin, gills) and the immune system. Understanding of the relation between husbandry conditions, allostatic responses and fish health provides the basis for the second theme developed in this review, the potential use of biological function and health parameters as operational welfare indicators (OWIs). Advantages of function- and health-related parameters are that they are relatively straightforward to recognize and to measure and are routinely monitored in most aquaculture units, thereby providing feasible tools to assess fish welfare under practical farming conditions. As the efforts to improve fish welfare and environmental sustainability lead to increasingly diverse solutions, in particular integrated production, it is imperative that we have objective OWIs to compare with other production forms, such as high-density aquaculture. However, to receive the necessary acceptance for legislation, more robust scientific backing of the health- and function-related OWIs is urgently needed.

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Section: Main Characteristics Of the Intestinal Primary Barriermentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Main Characteristics Of the Intestinal Primary Barriermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Main Characteristics Of the Intestinal Primary Barriermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Health of farmed fish: its relation to fish welfare and its utility as welfare indicator

Segner

Sundh

Buchmann

et al. 2011

Fish Physiol Biochem

194

102

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“…Se ha reportado que durante los períodos de estrés, la combinación de cortisol y catecolaminas produce un efecto inmunosupresor de linfocitos y monocitos (8). Además, se ha reportado que las the blood count (erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit and VCM) was significantly higher (p<0.05) in TE than TnE (23)(24)(25)(26). Pottinger et al (27) suggest that hematocrit could increase due to the action of catecholamines through smooth muscle contraction and the elastic fibers of the spleen capsule.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Hematological and clinical chemistry changes induced by acute stress during handling and capture of catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

et al. 2016

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RESUMENObjetivo. Evaluar los efectos del estrés agudo debido al manejo y captura sobre los parámetros hematológicos y bioquímicos en bagre de canal (Ictalurus punctatus) bajo cultivo. Materiales y métodos. Los peces (200 g promedio) fueron mantenidos en tanques de cultivo y divididos en dos tratamientos, por duplicado, (n= 15 x 2 x 2 = 60 peces). Treinta bagres fueron expuestos por 5 min a estrés agudo (TE) por manejo y captura, mientras que otro grupo no (grupo control, TnE). Diez peces de cada tratamiento fueron colectados a las 0, 6, y 24 h post-estrés para la extracción de sangre, los bagres del TnE fueron anestesiados durante su manejo y captura. Se evaluó el hemograma (método manual) y bioquímica sanguínea (espectrofotometría). Los resultados fueron analizados mediante la prueba de t student. Resultados. El contenido de eritrocitos, hematocrito, hemoglobina y glucosa de los animales TE fue significativamente mayor (p<0.05) a las 6 h post-estrés en comparación de TnE. Las células inmune en peces TE disminuyeron a las 6 y 24 h post-estrés, siendo leucocitos y linfocitos significativamente menores en el TnE (p<0.05) a las 24 h post-estrés. Otros parámetros evaluados no presentaron diferencias significativas en lo largo del estudio. Conclusiones. Los resultados sugieren que varios indicadores hematológicos y bioquímica sanguínea en los peces son alterados por el estrés agudo ocasionado por manejo y captura.Palabras clave: Bagre, bioquímica sanguínea, estrés, valores hematológicos (Fuente:CAB). ABSTRACTObjetive. Evaluation of hematological and biochemical parameters of culture channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) under acute stress by management and capture practice. Materials and methods. Fish (200 g mean) were maintained in culture tanks and divided in two treatments, in duplicate, (n=15x2x2=60 fishes). Thirty catfish were exposed for 5 min to acute stress (TE) by management and capture practice, while other group not (control group, TnE). 10 fish for treatment were collected at 0, 6, and 24 h post-stress for blood collection, where TnE fishes were anesthetized along work. Complete blood count (manual method) and blood biochemical (spectrophotometry) of fish samples were evaluated and their results were analyzed using a Student's t-distribution. Results. The 5346 REVISTA MVZ CÓRDOBA • Volumen 21(2) Mayo -Agosto 2016 erythrocytes, hematocrit, hemoglobin and glucose level of TE animals was significantly higher (p<0.05) at 6 h post-stress, in comparison of TnE. Immune cells in fish TE decreased at 6 and 24 h post-stress, where leukocytes and lymphocytes were significantly lower that TnE (p < 0.05) at 24 h post-stress. Other evaluated parameters did not show significant differences along this study. Conclusions. Those results suggest that several hematological and blood biochemical parameters in fish changed by acute stress generated by management and capture practice.

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“…Stress commonly results in the development of opportunistic infections of the skin and gills (Noga et al 1994). The adverse effects of physiological stress on immune function and disease resistance are well recognized (Conte 2004;Wojtaszek et al 2002;Small and Bilodeau 2005). And chronic stress (such as high ammonia levels or crowding) in channel catfish causes a severe, significant decrease in H2B levels, which occurs prior to the onset of any obvious appearance of stress or disease (Robinette and Noga 2001).…”

Section: Validation Of the Th2b Elisamentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of histones as endogenous antibiotics in fish and quantification in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) skin and gill

Noga

Borron

Hinshaw

et al. 2010

Fish Physiol Biochem

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Antimicrobial polypeptides (AMPPs) are increasingly recognized as a critical component of innate host defense. Among the AMPPs, polypeptides related to histones have been identified from many animals. Using peptide mapping, we further confirm the identity of two histone-like proteins from fish as members of the H2B (sunshine bass) and H1 (rainbow trout) histone groups. We optimized the conditions for measuring rainbow trout HLP-1/H2B via sandwich ELISA. We used two antibodies, one to the amino terminus and one to the carboxyl terminus, of trout histone H2B, as the capture antibodies, and we used peroxidase-labeled antibody raised to calf histone H2B as the secondary antibody. Specificity of the detecting antibody was confirmed by specific reactivity with histone H2B in tissue extracts via western blotting. The test was reproducible and capable of detecting as little as 5 ng of histone H2B (0.05 μg/ml). Histone H2B levels expressed in gill tissue of juvenile, healthy rainbow trout were well within concentrations that are lethal to important fish pathogens. However, there was a significant, age (size)-dependent decline in histone H2B concentrations as fish matured, until levels became virtually undetectable in market-size fish. In contrast, levels in skin appeared to remain high and unchanged in small versus large fish. Antibacterial activity in skin and gill tissues was closely correlated with histone H2B concentration measured via ELISA, which supports our previous finding that histones are the major AMPPs in rainbow trout skin and gill.

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Effects of cortisol and stress on channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) pathogen susceptibility and lysozyme activity following exposure to Edwardsiella ictaluri

Cited by 72 publications

References 30 publications

Health of farmed fish: its relation to fish welfare and its utility as welfare indicator

Health of farmed fish: its relation to fish welfare and its utility as welfare indicator

Hematological and clinical chemistry changes induced by acute stress during handling and capture of catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

Identification of histones as endogenous antibiotics in fish and quantification in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) skin and gill

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