Effects of corrosion on linear and nonlinear elastic properties of reinforced concrete

Detection of crack propagation in concrete with embedded ultrasonic sensors

“…Therefore, beside the method of determining the ultrasonic pulse velocity (USPV) [4][5][6][7], the correlation (C) between time signals from different measurements [2] is used, as well as the change in signal attenuation [8][9][10]. The embedded ultrasonic sensors (EUS) developed for the monitoring of concrete elements are introduced in [11,12].…”

The Consequences of Material Nonlinearity on the Axisymmetric Flexural Vibration Measurements for Estimating the Dynamic Elastic Modulus of Damaged Cement Based Materials

“…It has been shown that the nonlinear elasticity parameters are very sensitive to the microstructural changes and the formation of microcracks (Antonaci et al 2013;Chen et al 2011;Dahlen et al 2015). The sensitivity of the nonlinear parameters to damaged caused by mechanical loading and deterioration mechanisms such as ASR and freeze-thaw has been discussed in many publications such as (Antonaci et al 2010;Eiras et al 2012), (Chen et al 2010;Lesnicki et al 2011;Chen et al 2011;Lesnicki et al 2013;Moradi-Marani et al 2014;Eiras et al 2013a, b).…”

“…Several elegant nondestructive test methods that exploit the nonlinear elasticity parameters have been previously developed. Examples of these methods include (Antonaci et al 2013;Kim et al 2006b, a;Eiras et al (2014Eiras et al ( , 2013b; Johnson et al 1996;Antonaci et al 2010;Eiras et al 2012;Chen et al 2010;Lesnicki et al 2011;Chen et al 2011;Lesnicki et al 2013;Eiras et al 2013a;Van Den Abeele et al 2000b;Chen et al 2008;Kober and Prevorovsky 2012;Moradi-Marani et al 2014;Dahlen et al 2015). Nonlinear acoustic and ultrasonic methods are, generally, suitable techniques to quantify damage by measuring the change in the nonlinear parameters of damaged materials and comparing them to that of undamaged material.…”

“…These methods are based on the linear elastic assumption and the exploitation of phenomena such as the change in wave velocity, attenuation, and amplitude to evaluate the damage (e.g., Antonaci et al 2013;Bentahar et al 2006;Selleck et al 1998;Punurai et al 2007;Avanesians and Momayez 2015). Examples of these methods include the classical ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and active acoustic emission (Ghasemzadeh et al 2016;Ghasemzadeh and PourGhaz 2014;Kim and Weiss 2003;Farnam et al 2014).…”

“…Nonlinear acoustic-and ultrasonic-based damage detection methods are in general considered more sensitive to damage, as compared to linear methods, since they utilize nonlinear elastic response of the material (Antonaci et al 2013;Chen et al 2011;Dahlen et al 2015;Van Den Abeele et al 2000b,a). It has been shown that the nonlinear elasticity parameters are very sensitive to the microstructural changes and the formation of microcracks (Antonaci et al 2013;Chen et al 2011;Dahlen et al 2015).…”