Effects of cooking on mollusk shell structure and chemistry: Implications for archeology and paleoenvironmental reconstruction

Milano, Stefania; Prendergast, Amy; Schöne, Bernd R.

doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2016.03.045

Cited by 35 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…As a consequence, bivalve species living in cold water environments exhibit additional or thicker calcitic layers compared to the corresponding species from warm waters (Lowenstam, 1954;Taylor and Kennedy, 1969). Changes in the calcium carbonate polymorph also affect the type of microstructures (Milano et al, 2016a). However, architectural variations often occur without mineralogical impact (Carter, 1980).…”

Section: Environmental Influence On Shell Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CRM, instead, determines the relative change in the orientation between the single units without providing absolute values. SEM has previously been demonstrated to provide a convenient approach for the identification of individual structural units and the quantification of potential changes occurring within them (Milano et al, 2017(Milano et al, , 2016b. However, SEM exclusively provides information about the morphometric characteristics of the microstructural units.…”

Section: Confocal Raman Microscopy As Tool For Microstructural Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of environment on <i>Arctica islandica</i> shell formation and architecture

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Mollusks record valuable information in their hard parts that reflect ambient environmental conditions. For this reason, shells can serve as excellent archives to reconstruct past climate and environmental variability. However, animal physiology and biomineralization, which are often poorly understood, can make the decoding of environmental signals a challenging task. Many of the routinely used shell-based proxies are sensitive to multiple different environmental and physiological variables. Therefore, the identification and interpretation of individual environmental signals (e.g., water temperature) often is particularly difficult. Additional proxies not influenced by multiple environmental variables or animal physiology would be a great asset in the field of paleoclimatology. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential use of structural properties of Arctica islandica shells as an environmental proxy. A total of 11 specimens were analyzed to study if changes of the microstructural organization of this marine bivalve are related to environmental conditions. In order to limit the interference of multiple parameters, the samples were cultured under controlled conditions. Three specimens presented here were grown at two different water temperatures (10 and 15 • C) for multiple weeks and exposed only to ambient food conditions. An additional eight specimens were reared under three different dietary regimes. Shell material was analyzed with two techniques; (1) confocal Raman microscopy (CRM) was used to quantify changes of the orientation of microstructural units and pigment distribution, and (2) scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to detect changes in microstructural organization. Our results indicate that A. islandica microstructure is not sensitive to changes in the food source and, likely, shell pigment are not altered by diet. However, seawater temperature had a statistically significant effect on the orientation of the biomineral. Although additional work is required, the results presented here suggest that the crystallographic orientation of biomineral units of A. islandica may serve as an alternative and independent proxy for seawater temperature.

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Section: Environmental Influence On Shell Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Confocal Raman Microscopy As Tool For Microstructural Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of environment on <i>Arctica islandica</i> shell formation and architecture

et al. 2017

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“…For example, at 380°C, <50% of aragonite has transformed to calcite after 10 h 84 . In gastropods with bilaminar aragonite skeletons, the carbonate alters to calcite at 300–500°C 58 . Our 550°C roasting for 1.5 h ensured that all the aragonite and HMC had converted into LMC.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of removal of organic material on stable isotope ratios in skeletal carbonate from taxonomic groups with complex mineralogies

Key

Smith

Phillips

et al. 2020

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Rationale Stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios are one of the most accurate ways of determining environmental changes in the past, which are used to predict future environmental change. Biogenic carbonates from marine organisms are the most common source of samples for stable isotope analysis. Before they are analyzed by mass spectrometry, any organic material is traditionally removed by one of three common pretreatment methods: roasting, bleaching, or with hydrogen peroxide at various strengths and durations. Methods This study compares δ18O and δ13C values in a control with no pretreatment with those from five different pretreatment methods using conventional acid digestion mass spectrometry. The objectives are to: assess the impact of the most common pretreatment methods on δ18O and δ13C values from (1) taxonomically underrepresented groups in previous studies, and (2) those that precipitate a wide range of biomineralogies, in the debate of whether to pretreat or not to pretreat. We analyzed the following biomineralogically complex temperate marine organisms from southern New Zealand: four species of bryozoans, four species of molluscs, two species of arthropods, and one species each of annelid, red alga, brachiopod, and echinoderm (test plates and spines treated separately). These species precipitate aragonite, High‐, Intermediate‐, and/or Low‐Mg calcite (LMC) in their skeletons. We used linear mixed statistical models to compare the effects of the pretreatments and mineralogical composition on their δ18O and δ13C values. Results Roasting was the most effective pretreatment for the removal of organic matter and light H2O2 the least, but the former had corresponding impacts on isotope ratios. δ18O values were not directly affected by wt% MgCO3, but they were significantly affected by the interaction of roasting and wt% MgCO3. This same negative effect of roasting on species with higher wt% MgCO3 occurred in δ13C values, but it was much more pronounced in δ18O values. Both H2O2 pretreatments significantly and negatively affected δ18O values at higher wt% MgCO3. Neither bleaching pretreatment significantly affected δ18O values. δ13C values were most negatively affected in skeletons with high wt% MgCO3. There was also a strong negative roasting effect and more so at higher wt% MgCO3. Bleaching and H2O2 did not significantly affect δ13C values. Conclusions Based on these results, and when using skeletal carbonate of complex mineralogies, we recommend considering the abandonment of pretreatment of biogenic carbonate for stable isotope analysis due to confounded results from previous studies, difficulties with preparation, and/or the absence of significant effects of organic material on isotope ratios. If pretreatment is necessary, avoid roasting especially at higher temperatures and durations, use minimal bleaching, and in general avoid using High‐Mg calcite species in O and C stable isotope studies. If bleaching is used, clearly indicate the concentration and duration of exposure.

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“…To check this hypothesis, the first sample, i.e. the MV ventral margin (aragonite), was run at 1 % and 1.5 % laser power (fixed dwell time 0.2 s), with and without roasting at 280°C for 1 h (to remove organic matter following Milano et al who suggested an aragonite to calcite transformation above 300°C; Figure ). Pre‐treatments, such as 1–10 % sodium hypochlorite bleaching, 30–35 % hydrogen peroxide treatment, and vacuum roasting (200–500°C), are the most commonly used organic removal techniques when using biogenic carbonate matrix for isotopic analysis .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid and high-resolution stable isotopic measurement of biogenic accretionary carbonate using an online CO₂ laser ablation system: Standardization of the analytical protocol

Sreemany

Bera

Sarkar

2017

Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom

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Effects of cooking on mollusk shell structure and chemistry: Implications for archeology and paleoenvironmental reconstruction

Cited by 35 publications

References 97 publications

The effects of environment on <i>Arctica islandica</i> shell formation and architecture

The effects of environment on <i>Arctica islandica</i> shell formation and architecture

Effect of removal of organic material on stable isotope ratios in skeletal carbonate from taxonomic groups with complex mineralogies

Rapid and high-resolution stable isotopic measurement of biogenic accretionary carbonate using an online CO₂ laser ablation system: Standardization of the analytical protocol

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Effects of cooking on mollusk shell structure and chemistry: Implications for archeology and paleoenvironmental reconstruction

Cited by 35 publications

References 97 publications

The effects of environment on &lt;i&gt;Arctica islandica&lt;/i&gt; shell formation and architecture

The effects of environment on &lt;i&gt;Arctica islandica&lt;/i&gt; shell formation and architecture

Effect of removal of organic material on stable isotope ratios in skeletal carbonate from taxonomic groups with complex mineralogies

Rapid and high-resolution stable isotopic measurement of biogenic accretionary carbonate using an online CO2 laser ablation system: Standardization of the analytical protocol

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The effects of environment on <i>Arctica islandica</i> shell formation and architecture

The effects of environment on <i>Arctica islandica</i> shell formation and architecture

Rapid and high-resolution stable isotopic measurement of biogenic accretionary carbonate using an online CO₂ laser ablation system: Standardization of the analytical protocol