Effects of conventional and alternating cushion weight-shifting in persons with spinal cord injury

Wu, Gary A.; Bogie, Kath M.

doi:10.1682/jrrd.2014.01.0009

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Based on the data considered above ( 14 , 15 ), we suggest that perturbations in NO • metabolism and signaling, which contribute to the SCI-induced inflammation in cerebral cortex, may be manifested in the levels of the amino acids and GSH involved (Figure 1 ). On the other hand, inflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy, and endoplasmic reticulum stress leading to neurodegeneration, are known to be induced by thiamine deficiency ( 24 – 27 ), and we have recently reported that a high dose of thiamine results in a long-term optimization of the amino acid metabolism ( 28 ), potentially contributing to beneficial influence of thiamine on brain pathologies ( 29 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In the spinal cord injury (SCI), NO • has a huge impact on secondary injury progression, provoking oxidative stress and increasing levels of proinflammatory cytokines ( 13 ). Recently, severe SCI has been found to induce chronic inflammation in the brain, causing cognitive dysfunctions and depressive behavior associated with neurodegeneration in the brain regions distant from the injury site ( 14 , 15 ). Such effects may underlie a well-known increase in frequency of the brain-affecting neurodegenerative diseases after SCI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Delayed Influence of Spinal Cord Injury on the Amino Acids of NO• Metabolism in Rat Cerebral Cortex Is Attenuated by Thiamine

et al. 2018

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Severe spinal cord injuries (SCIs) result in chronic neuroinflammation in the brain, associated with the development of cognitive and behavioral impairments. Nitric oxide (NO•) is a gaseous messenger involved in neuronal signaling and inflammation, contributing to nitrosative stress under dysregulated production of reactive nitrogen species. In this work, biochemical changes induced in the cerebral cortex of rats 8 weeks after SCI are assessed by quantification of the levels of amino acids participating in the NO• and glutathione metabolism. The contribution of the injury-induced neurodegeneration is revealed by comparison of the SCI- and laminectomy (LE)-subjected animals. Effects of the operative interventions are assessed by comparison of the operated (LE/SCI) and non-operated animals. Lower ratios of citrulline (Cit) to arginine (Arg) or Cit to ornithine and a more profound decrease in the ratio of lysine to glycine distinguish SCI animals from those after LE. The data suggest decreased NO• production from both Arg and homoarginine in the cortex 8 weeks after SCI. Both LE and SCI groups show a strong decrease in the level of cortex glutathione. The neurotropic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant actions of thiamine (vitamin B1) prompted us to study the thiamine effects on the SCI-induced changes in the NO• and glutathione metabolism. A thiamine injection (400 mg/kg intraperitoneally) within 24 h after SCI abrogates the changes in the cerebral cortex amino acids related to NO•. Thiamine-induced normalization of the brain glutathione levels after LE and SCI may involve increased supply of glutamate for glutathione biosynthesis. Thus, thiamine protects from sequelae of SCI on NO•-related amino acids and glutathione in cerebral cortex.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed Influence of Spinal Cord Injury on the Amino Acids of NO• Metabolism in Rat Cerebral Cortex Is Attenuated by Thiamine

et al. 2018

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“…Severe spinal cord injury (SCI) causes long-term consequences, similar to the traumatic brain injury (TBI). The consequences include cognitive decline and depression-like behavior, known to accompany neurodegenerative processes in CNS ( Davidoff et al, 1992 ; Verweij et al, 1997 ; Robertson, 2004 ; Wu and Bogie, 2014 ; Wu et al, 2016 ; Jure and Labombarda, 2017 ). Neuroinflammation may link the CNS injuries to mental perturbations, as all these phenomena are involved with microglia activation ( Chitnis and Weiner, 2017 ; Baufeld et al, 2018 ; Kinney et al, 2018 ; Pavlov et al, 2020 ) and dysregulation of cytokines ( Allison and Ditor, 2015 ; Maldonado-Bouchard et al, 2016 ; do Espirito Santo et al, 2019 ; Wadhawan et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Spinal Cord Injury in Rats Induces Chronic Changes in the Spinal Cord and Cerebral Cortex Metabolism, Adjusted by Thiamine That Improves Locomotor Performance

Boyko

Tsepkova

Aleshin

et al. 2021

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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Our study aims at developing knowledge-based strategies minimizing chronic changes in the brain after severe spinal cord injury (SCI). The SCI-induced long-term metabolic alterations and their reactivity to treatments shortly after the injury are characterized in rats. Eight weeks after severe SCI, significant mitochondrial lesions outside the injured area are demonstrated in the spinal cord and cerebral cortex. Among the six tested enzymes essential for the TCA cycle and amino acid metabolism, mitochondrial 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDHC) is the most affected one. SCI downregulates this complex by 90% in the spinal cord and 30% in the cerebral cortex. This is associated with the tissue-specific changes in other enzymes of the OGDHC network. Single administrations of a pro-activator (thiamine, or vitamin B1, 1.2 mmol/kg) or a synthetic pro-inhibitor (triethyl glutaryl phosphonate, TEGP, 0.02 mmol/kg) of OGDHC within 15–20 h after SCI are tested as protective strategies. The biochemical and physiological assessments 8 weeks after SCI reveal that thiamine, but not TEGP, alleviates the SCI-induced perturbations in the rat brain metabolism, accompanied by the decreased expression of (acetyl)p53, increased expression of sirtuin 5 and an 18% improvement in the locomotor recovery. Treatment of the non-operated rats with the OGDHC pro-inhibitor TEGP increases the p53 acetylation in the brain, approaching the brain metabolic profiles to those after SCI. Our data testify to an important contribution of the OGDHC regulation to the chronic consequences of SCI and their control by p53 and sirtuin 5.

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“…In Wu and Bogie, 23 the authors show a comparison between alternating-pressure air cushion and independent pressure relief for individuals with Spinal Cord Injury. The alternating pressure aircushion is composed of two series of air cells independently controlled.…”

Section: Seat Cushion: Modelling and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling, design and control of a new seat-cushion for pressure ulcers prevention

Mannella

Bellusci

Graziani

et al. 2022

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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Pressure ulcers are a frequent complication in patients having limited activity and mobility (e.g., elderly people, spinal cord injury patients, people with disabilities, etc.). The aim of this work is the conceptual design, modelling and control of a new seat cushion for pressure ulcers prevention. The whole system (constituted by the seat cushion equipped with a real-time pressure mapping with closed-loop control) is designed to identify the critical points on the human skin, before pressure ulcers creation, and to be able to distribute the contact pressure between the human and cushion avoiding wound creation. The seat cushion is constituted by soft air-cells actuated by air flow. To define the shape and size of the soft air-cells, finite element simulations are carried out, analysing the internal volume reduction with external loads application to reproduce the variable stiffness. The data obtained by finite element analysis are used to simulate inflation and deflation of the soft bubble air-cells. Finally, the control systems of a single air-cell and of the whole cushion are designed and simulated. The novelty of our work consists in the conception of a seat cushion able to recognise higher and lower risk zones of pressure ulcer generation on the human skin and to provide compensation automatically. This work can therefore be considered in line with the sustainable development goals recently launched by the EU Commission.

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Effects of conventional and alternating cushion weight-shifting in persons with spinal cord injury

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Delayed Influence of Spinal Cord Injury on the Amino Acids of NO• Metabolism in Rat Cerebral Cortex Is Attenuated by Thiamine

Delayed Influence of Spinal Cord Injury on the Amino Acids of NO• Metabolism in Rat Cerebral Cortex Is Attenuated by Thiamine

Severe Spinal Cord Injury in Rats Induces Chronic Changes in the Spinal Cord and Cerebral Cortex Metabolism, Adjusted by Thiamine That Improves Locomotor Performance

Modelling, design and control of a new seat-cushion for pressure ulcers prevention

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