Effects of continuous combined nitrogen supply on symbiotic dinitrogen fixation of faba bean and pea inoculated with different rhizobial isolates

Chalifour, François-P.; Nelson, Louise M.

doi:10.1139/b87-345

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Nitrogen fertilization did not improve plant appearance and cover, growth and yield. The treatment consisting of 2.5 cm of combined paper sludge on top of 2.5 cm of black bark led to productivity per plant similar to that obtained with 5 cm of combined sludge; on the basis of nodulation, and ammonium and nitrate contents data, it can be speculated that plants growing on the former soil cover relied more on symbiotic N 2 fixation and less on combined N (ammonium and nitrate) for their nitrogen nutrition than plants growing on the latter soil cover (Chalifour and Nelson, 1987). On the basis of nodulation data, the treatment consisting of 2.5 cm of combined paper sludge on top of 2.5 cm of black bark appeared particularly conducive to symbiotic N 2 fixation, significantly more than any of the other soil covers; the factors favoring nodulation of birdsfoot trefoil for that soil cover need to be identified.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Use of bark and combined paper sludge for the revegetation of bark-covered land

Beauchamp¹,

Camiré²,

Chalifour³

2006

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science

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This study investigated the use of bark and combined paper sludge, poor and rich in nutrients, in order to develop a suitable plant growth substrate and to establish a vegetation cover on bark-covered land. A short-term field experiment was established in Taschereau, Quebec, Canada to: 1-determine a suitable plant growth medium on a bark-covered land; 2-determine which plant mixture should be selected for establishment on this site and 3-determine a fertilization program for one selected plant. By the end of the summer, the best soil cover consisted of 2.5 cm of combined paper sludge on top of 2.5 cm of black bark, which gave good plant appearance, cover, and yield. On this soil cover, the Savoureux mixture (53% perennial grasses and 37% perennial legumes) in combination with birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), Lab02 (65% perennial grasses and 35% perennial legumes) in mixture with MR77 (100% perennial grasses), and birdsfoot trefoil in mixture with bromegrass (Bromus inermis L.) gave good vegetation growth and yields. For the birdsfoot trefoil fertilization experiments, and over all soil covers, nitrogen fertilization was not required, but phosphorus and potassium fertilizations should be, respectively, 140 kg P 2 O 5 /ha and 160 kg K 2 O/ha to obtain good plant growth and yield. These first results suggested that combined paper sludge and black bark can be used as topsoil to favor plant establishment on bark-covered land.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Use of bark and combined paper sludge for the revegetation of bark-covered land

Beauchamp¹,

Camiré²,

Chalifour³

2006

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science

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“…Thus, our data confirm the lower efficiency of N 2 fixation of birdsfoot trefoil compared with alfalfa and red clover in the seeding year. The very low value found on the Kamouraska SCL for birdsfoot trefoil at DPS 0 may be also linked to a higher initial NO − 3 –N content in the 1995 spring at this site for the DPS 0 treatments 70.6 mg NO − 3 –N kg −1 soil compared with the Tilly CL 25.8 mg NO − 3 –N kg −1 soil, which may have inhibited the establishment and functioning of the symbiosis (Chalifour and Nelson, 1987) in birdsfoot trefoil more than in the other forage legumes. This would agree with the findings of Bergersen et al (1989), who found that for soybean inoculated with Bradyrhizobium sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effects of host plant on δ 15 N of the four forage legumes solely dependent on fixed N 2 ( B value) were assessed in minus‐N silica sand culture under growth chamber conditions (Peoples et al, 1989). Plants were supplied with a N‐free nutrient solution (Chalifour and Nelson, 1987). The average shoot B values obtained were −0.24‰ for alfalfa, −1.57‰ for birdsfoot trefoil, −0.15‰ for red clover, and 0.33‰ for sweetclover.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 15 N‐NA method uses the variation in natural 15 N abundance of the N 2 –fixing and non‐N 2 –fixing plants to estimate percentages of N derived from the atmosphere (Ndfa) (Rennie and Rennie, 1983; Shearer and Kohl, 1986; Unkovich and Pate, 2001). The 15 N‐E method requires the use of a 15 N‐labeled fertilizer, which must be added to the legume and reference (non N 2 –fixing) species but at a sufficiently low rate so as not to counter N 2 fixation (Chalifour and Nelson, 1987). The application of DPS to soil induces N immobilization (Fierro et al, 2000).…”

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Symbiotic Dinitrogen Fixation in Forage Legumes Amended with High Rates of De‐Inking Paper Sludge

2004

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ing N 2 -fixing symbioses with rhizobia. Indeed, Fierro et al. (1997), in a greenhouse experiment, demonstratedThe paper de-inking process produces a waste by-product, dethat growth and nutrition of the N 2 -fixing legumes gainking paper sludge (DPS), which contains paper fibers, clay particles, and inks and has high C and Ca and low N and P concentrations. lega (Galega orientalis Lam.) and sweetclover were not Use of high rates of DPS to increase the soil organic matter thus negatively affected by DPS, provided that sufficient P requires provision of high rates of N for adequate plant growth. Using was supplied. dinitrogen (N 2 )-fixing forage legumes is an alternative to the N fertil-Considerable efforts have been directed to the develization under such circumstances. In a 2-yr field study (1995 and 1996), opment of methods for measuring N 2 fixation (Rennie the effect of different rates of DPS (0, 50, or 100 Mg dry matter ha Ϫ1 ), and Rennie, 1983; Hauck and Weaver, 1986; Shearer applied once in October 1994, were evaluated on symbiotic N 2 fixation and Kohl, 1986; Danso et al., 1993; Chalk and Ladha, of forage legumes established on two soil types in Eastern Quebec, 1999). Selection of a suitable method to estimate N 2 Canada. Symbiotic N 2 fixation was measured in alfalfa (Medicago fixation is of outmost importance. Available methods sativa L.), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), red clover (Trifohave distinct advantages and disadvantages, i.e., experilium pratense L.), and sweetclover (Melilotus officinalis L.); bromegrass (Bromus inermis L.) was used as the reference (non N 2 -fixing) mental conditions, complexity, and cost of analyses. The crop. Dinitrogen fixation was estimated by the 15 N natural abundance methods that are currently the most reliable for demethod. The percentages of N derived from the atmosphere increased termining N 2 fixation imply the use of stable isotopes significantly with DPS in the year of establishment (1995). In the first of N (Unkovich and Pate, 2001). production year (1996), the effects of DPS on N 2 fixation were mainly Nitrogen-15 isotope dilution techniques, including 15 N observed at the first cut. Our results show that DPS used as an natural abundance ( 15 N-NA) and 15 N enrichment ( 15 N-E) organic amendment generally led to similar or greater forage legume methods, to quantify N 2 fixation by legumes, have been productivity and greater N 2 fixation compared with unamended conused extensively. With these methods, N 2 fixation in trols in the first production year and is compatible with sustainable forage legumes can be estimated over long periods of agricultural practices.

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“…The %Ndfa obtained for large-seeded faba bean (92%) was higher in France than in Syria, though the reverse was observed for pea, lentil, and wintersown chickpea. Higher susceptibility of faba bean to drought (Hebblethwaite, 1981), or less depression ofN 2 fixation in faba bean by high levels of soil N (Chalifour and Nelson, 1987) could have caused the difference.…”

Section: Dinitrogen Fixationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dinitrogen Fixation and Nitrogen Balance in Cool‐Season Food Legumes

Wéry²,

et al. 1991

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Understanding the magnitude of N2 fixation and export of plant N, particularly in the harvested grain and straw, is necessary to assess the potential for grain legumes to contribute to long‐term agricultural production stability. The proportions of total plant N derived from N2 fixation in four grain legume crops, faba bean (Vicia faba L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), lentil (Lens culinaris L), and pea (Pisum sativum L.), were estimated in three field experiments conducted for two seasons in Syria (Vertic Chromoxeralf soil) and one season in France (Calcaric Cambisol). Since cultural practices and cultivars affect grain yield, the impact on N2 fixation of sowing date in chickpea and Sitona insect control in lentil, and of cultivar selection of pea and faba bean, was evaluated. By calculating the proportion of total plant N derived from N2 fixation (%Ndfa) using 15N isotope dilution with barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and non‐nodulating chickpea as reference crops, the effects of removal of N in grain and straw, relative to N fixed and plant uptake of soil mineral N, were estimated. Pea and lentil had similar %Ndfa values across locations, seasons, and cultural practices, with an average 70%Ndfa. In chickpea, winter sowing increased %Ndfa to 72 from 26% in the spring‐sown crop. Dinitrogen fixation in the spring‐sown crop was higher in France (44%Ndfa), while fixation in the winter crop was higher in Syria (80%). Faba bean obtained 9O%Ndfa in France, but only 69% in Syria. The large‐seeded type fixed higher N (74%Ndfa) than the small‐seeded type (64%) in Syria but not in France. The calculated N balance where only grain was removed ranged from 44 kg N ha‐' net gain to 44 kg N ha−1 loss. Where both seed and straw were removed, nearly all calculations were negative, with loss of up to 70 kg N ha−1 from soil.

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Effects of continuous combined nitrogen supply on symbiotic dinitrogen fixation of faba bean and pea inoculated with different rhizobial isolates

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

Use of bark and combined paper sludge for the revegetation of bark-covered land

Use of bark and combined paper sludge for the revegetation of bark-covered land

Symbiotic Dinitrogen Fixation in Forage Legumes Amended with High Rates of De‐Inking Paper Sludge

Dinitrogen Fixation and Nitrogen Balance in Cool‐Season Food Legumes

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