Effects of congenital blindness on the subcortical representation of speech cues

Jafari, Zahra; Malayeri, Saeed

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.11.027

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Similar results were found in the auditory domain, with a majority of studies showing enhanced auditory processing in blind individuals (Lessard et al 1998;Gougoux et al 2004;Voss et al 2004;Focker et al 2012;Voss and Zatorre 2012;Collignon et al 2013;Lewald 2013;Jafari and Malayeri 2014;Kattner and Ellermeier 2014;Cornell Karnekull et al 2016;Nilsson and Schenkman 2016;Kolarik et al 2017) and some studies reporting impaired performance on auditory tasks (Gori et al 2014;Finocchietti et al 2015;Menard et al 2015;Cappagli and Gori 2016;Voss 2016), or no difference from sighted participants (Collignon et al 2011;Voss and Zatorre 2012;Collignon et al 2013). These different results may depend on the specific task requirements (King 2014), or may reflect a trade-off between different auditory abilities (Voss et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Mental Imagery Follows Similar Cortical Reorganization as Perception: Intra-Modal and Cross-Modal Plasticity in Congenitally Blind

Borst

Gelder

2018

Cerebral Cortex

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Cortical plasticity in congenitally blind individuals leads to cross-modal activation of the visual cortex and may lead to superior perceptual processing in the intact sensory domains. Although mental imagery is often defined as a quasi-perceptual experience, it is unknown whether it follows similar cortical reorganization as perception in blind individuals. In this study, we show that auditory versus tactile perception evokes similar intra-modal discriminative patterns in congenitally blind compared with sighted participants. These results indicate that cortical plasticity following visual deprivation does not influence broad intra-modal organization of auditory and tactile perception as measured by our task. Furthermore, not only the blind, but also the sighted participants showed cross-modal discriminative patterns for perception modality in the visual cortex. During mental imagery, both groups showed similar decoding accuracies for imagery modality in the intra-modal primary sensory cortices. However, no cross-modal discriminative information for imagery modality was found in early visual cortex of blind participants, in contrast to the sighted participants. We did find evidence of cross-modal activation of higher visual areas in blind participants, including the representation of specific-imagined auditory features in visual area V4.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Mental Imagery Follows Similar Cortical Reorganization as Perception: Intra-Modal and Cross-Modal Plasticity in Congenitally Blind

Borst

Gelder

2018

Cerebral Cortex

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“…The electrode array was: site Fz for the non-inverting electrode, the earlobe for the inverting electrode and site FPz for the ground electrode. 34 The impedance of all electrodes was less than 3 kV and within 1.5 kV of each other.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The electrode array was Fz for non-inverting, earlobes for inverting, and FPz for the ground electrode. 34 The impedance of all electrodes was less than 3KV and used for stimulus presentation. Two blocks of 2000 artifact-free sweeps were collected for each participant.…”

Section: Hearing Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

No lasting impact of Covid-19 on the auditory system: a prospective cohort study

2021

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Objective: Whereas otologic complications are considered as early symptoms of SARS-CoV-2, it is unknown how long they last and whether the virus leaves any hearing disorders postrecovery.Methods: Thirty-one mild or moderate confirmed cases with Covid-19 and 26 age-matched control peers (21-50yr) were included in this prospective cohort study. Patients were questioned about their otologic symptoms, and their hearing status was assessed during one-month postdiagnosis.Results: Patients showed a significantly higher rate of otologic symptoms (hearing loss, ear fullness, ear pain, dizziness/vertigo, communication difficulties, and hyperacusis) versus the control group (p≤0.022). The symptoms recovered early, between 2-8 days after their appearance. No significant difference was observed between the two groups in pure-tone and extended high-frequency audiometry, TEOAE, DPOAE, and ABR post-recovery. Conclusion:Our findings demonstrate that in mild to moderate cases with Covid-19, otologic symptoms recover within a week, and the virus has no lasting impact on the auditory system.

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“…In general, the effects of early blindness on auditory and somatosensory areas are not well understood. These areas seem to show enhancement of function, perhaps because of an increased functional role, for some tasks (Elbert et al 2002, Hertrich et al 2013, Jafari & Malayeri 2014 even while showing decreased functional engagement, perhaps because of competition with occipital cortex, in others (Dormal et al 2015, Jiang et al 2014, Sadato et al 1998.…”

Section: Competition Across Areas As Well As Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blindness and Human Brain Plasticity

Fine

Park

2018

Annu. Rev. Vis. Sci.

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Early blindness causes fundamental alterations of neural function across more than 25% of cortex-changes that span the gamut from metabolism to behavior and collectively represent one of the most dramatic examples of plasticity in the human brain. The goal of this review is to describe how the remarkable behavioral and neuroanatomical compensations demonstrated by blind individuals provide insights into the extent, mechanisms, and limits of human brain plasticity.

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Effects of congenital blindness on the subcortical representation of speech cues

Cited by 16 publications

References 59 publications

Mental Imagery Follows Similar Cortical Reorganization as Perception: Intra-Modal and Cross-Modal Plasticity in Congenitally Blind

Mental Imagery Follows Similar Cortical Reorganization as Perception: Intra-Modal and Cross-Modal Plasticity in Congenitally Blind

No lasting impact of Covid-19 on the auditory system: a prospective cohort study

Blindness and Human Brain Plasticity

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