Effects of Concurrent Access to Multiple Ethanol Concentrations and Repeated Deprivations on Alcohol Intake of Alcohol-Preferring Rats

Rodd-Henricks, Zachary A.; Bell, Richard L.; Kuc, Kelly A.; Murphy, James M.; McBride, William J.; Lumeng, Lawrence; Li, Ting‐Kai

doi:10.1097/00000374-200108000-00008

Cited by 112 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Examination of data from the second deprivation cycle shows that results replicate a previous report from our lab where repeated deprivations using a single EtOH concentration in an operant paradigm results in an increase in both magnitude and duration of responding on the EtOH lever by the P rat (Rodd et al, 2003). This follows previous work that found an increase in both the magnitude and duration of expression of an ADE for P rats under 24-hr access to multiple EtOH concentrations conditions (Rodd-Henricks et al 2001), and an increase in the duration of ADE after repeated deprivations, when a single EtOH concentration was available (Rodd-Henricks et al, 2000a). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Effects of alcohol and saccharin deprivations on concurrent ethanol and saccharin operant self-administration by alcohol-preferring (P) rats

Toalston

Oster

Kuc

et al. 2008

Alcohol

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Consumption of sweet solutions has been associated with a reduction in withdrawal symptoms and alcohol craving in humans. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of EtOH and saccharin (SACC) deprivations on operant oral self-administration. P rats were allowed to lever press concurrently self-administer EtOH (15% v/v) and SACC (0.0125% g/v) for 8 weeks. Rats were then maintained on daily operant access (non-deprived), deprived of both fluids (2 weeks), deprived of SACC and given 2 ml of EtOH daily, or deprived of EtOH and given 2 ml of SACC daily. All groups were then given two weeks of daily operant access to EtOH and SACC, followed by an identical second deprivation period. P rats responded more for EtOH than SACC. All deprived groups increased responding on the EtOH lever, but not on the SACC lever. Daily consumption of 2 ml EtOH decreased the duration of the ADE. Home cage access to 2 ml SACC also decreased the ADE but to a lesser extent than access to EtOH. A second deprivation period further increased and prolonged the expression of an ADE. These results show EtOH is a more salient reinforcer than SACC. With concurrent access to EtOH and SACC, P rats do not display a saccharin deprivation effect. Depriving P rats of both EtOH and SACC had the most pronounced effect on the magnitude and duration of the ADE, suggesting that there may be some interactions between EtOH and SACC in their CNS reinforcing effects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Effects of alcohol and saccharin deprivations on concurrent ethanol and saccharin operant self-administration by alcohol-preferring (P) rats

Toalston

Oster

Kuc

et al. 2008

Alcohol

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“…Also, following extended periods of chronic free-choice alcohol drinking, P rats exhibit some signs of physical dependence (Waller et al, 1982), such as increased susceptibility to bicuculline-induced seizures (Kampov-Polevoy et al, 2000). P rats exhibit a prolonged alcohol deprivation effect, defined as a transient increase in alcohol intake following long-term access and a subsequent period of abstinence (Rodd-Hendricks et al, 2000, 2001. The vulnerability of P rats to relapse drinking is consistent with human literature that describes a predisposition for the offspring of alcoholics to be affected differently by alcohol and to develop alcoholism (for example, see Cloninger et al, 1981;Pihl et al, 1990;Schuckit, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dependence‐Induced Alcohol Drinking by Alcohol‐Preferring (P) Rats and Outbred Wistar Rats

Gilpin

Richardson

Lumeng

et al. 2008

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background-Chronic intermittent alcohol vapor exposure and selective breeding procedures have been used separately for many years to model specific aspects of alcohol dependence. The purpose of the present investigation was to combine these 2 approaches by exposing alcoholpreferring (P) rats to chronic intermittent alcohol vapor for extended periods of time and then testing them for operant alcohol responding in parallel with a group of outbred Wistar rats at multiple time points following the termination of vapor exposure.

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“…In vitro studies indicated that 45-225 mg% EtOH could generate up to 4 nmol/mg tissue wet wt/h of ACD (approximately 4 mM ACD). These brain EtOH concentrations could be attained by P rats under a variety of self-administration conditions (Murphy et al, 1986;Rodd-Henricks et al, 2001;Waller et al, 1984), and produce brain levels of ACD that are within a range that is reinforcing ( Figure 2). P rats learn to discriminate the active from the inactive lever by the second acquisition session for either EtOH, at concentrations greater than 50 mg%, or ACD, at concentrations greater than 3 mM (Figure 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Heterogeneity for the Intracranial Self-Administration of Ethanol and Acetaldehyde within the Ventral Tegmental Area of Alcohol-Preferring (P) Rats: Involvement of Dopamine and Serotonin

Rodd

Bell

Zhang

et al. 2004

Neuropsychopharmacol

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The meso-limbic dopamine (DA) system has an important role in regulating alcohol drinking. Previous findings from our laboratory indicated that Wistar rats self-administered ethanol (EtOH) directly into the posterior, but not anterior, ventral tegmental area (VTA), and that coadministration of a DA D 2,3 receptor agonist or a serotonin-3 (5-HT 3 ) receptor antagonist blocked EtOH self-administration. In addition, we reported that alcohol-preferring (P) rats self-administered acetaldehyde (ACD), the first metabolite of EtOH, into the posterior VTA. The objectives of this study were to compare the reinforcing effects of EtOH and ACD within the VTA of P rats to examine the possibility that the reinforcing effects of EtOH within the VTA may be mediated by its conversion to ACD. Adult female P rats were stereotaxically implanted with guide cannulae aimed at either the posterior or anterior VTA. At 1 week after surgery, rats were placed in standard two-lever (active and inactive) experimental chambers for a total of seven to eight sessions. The 4-h sessions were conducted every other day. The results indicated that (a) 75-300 mg% (17-66 mM) EtOH and 6-90 mM ACD were self-administered into the posterior, but not anterior, VTA; (b) the self-administration of 150 mg% EtOH was not altered by coinfusion of a catalase inhibitor; (c) coadministration of the D 2/3 agonist quinpirole (100 mM) blocked the self-infusions of 150 mg% EtOH and 23 mM ACD into the posterior VTA; and (d) coadministration of 200 mM ICS205,930 (5-HT 3 receptor antagonist) prevented the self-infusion of 150 mg% EtOH, whereas concentrations of ICS 205,930 up to 400 mM had no effect on the self-infusion of 23 mM ACD into the posterior VTA. Overall, the results of this study indicate that EtOH and ACD can independently produce reinforcing effects within the posterior VTA, and that activation of DA neurons mediates these effects. Furthermore, activation of 5-HT 3 receptors within the posterior VTA is involved in the self-infusion of EtOH, but not ACD.

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Effects of Concurrent Access to Multiple Ethanol Concentrations and Repeated Deprivations on Alcohol Intake of Alcohol-Preferring Rats

Abstract: Alterations in the reinforcing and/or aversive effects of alcohol occurred after a single prolonged deprivation and were enhanced with repeated deprivations.

Cited by 112 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of alcohol and saccharin deprivations on concurrent ethanol and saccharin operant self-administration by alcohol-preferring (P) rats

Effects of alcohol and saccharin deprivations on concurrent ethanol and saccharin operant self-administration by alcohol-preferring (P) rats

Dependence‐Induced Alcohol Drinking by Alcohol‐Preferring (P) Rats and Outbred Wistar Rats

Regional Heterogeneity for the Intracranial Self-Administration of Ethanol and Acetaldehyde within the Ventral Tegmental Area of Alcohol-Preferring (P) Rats: Involvement of Dopamine and Serotonin

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