Effects of Compound 48/80, Chymotrypsin and Antiserum on Isolated Mast Cells Under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions

Abstract

The anaphylactic histamine release from guinea-pig and rat lung tissues was com pletely or largely depressed by oxygen lack, respiratory inhibitors and uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation when the incubation medium was devoid of glucose (1-7).Similar inhibition has been found of compound 48/80-induced histamine release from rat lung tissue and of degranulation of rat mesentery mast cells (6, 8, 9). Since these inhibitions were largely overcome by the presence of glucose (4-9), and phlorizin (10) and 2-deoxyglucose (7) inhibited these glucose-dependent release of histamine, glycolysis should be considered to take part in supplying the energy required for these processes.Chymotrypsin is also known to cause histamine release (11) and degranulation of mast cells (11, 12), and the latter action is also blocked by anoxia and glucose has a preven tive effect on this block.There are a number of works demonstrating the histamine-releasing or degranulat ing effect of compound 48/80 and some other agents including anti-serum ( In the present experiments, with isolated mast cells, the glucose-dependent degra nulation by compound 48/80, a-chymotrypsin and anti-serum is demonstrated under nitrogen anaerobiosis with success, and the effects of some inhibitors including phlorizin and 2-deoxyglucose are studied. Observations in aerobiosis are also described. METHODS AND MATERIALSIsolation of mast cells : Rats of both sexes weighing 150-300 g were bled by severance of carotid arteries. Five milliliters of buffered physiological solution [NaCI 154 mm ,

Calcium-Dependent Histamine Release With Degranulation From Isolated Rat Mast Cells by Adenosine 5'-Triphosphate

“…9, C, D). These patterns of morphological changes induced by ATP hear a close resemblance to the ones observed in the mast cells treated with rabbit anti-rat serum, reported by Saeki (6 (Fig. 9, B).…”

“…All these isolation procedures were carried out at 4°C. The isolated mast cells responded normally to the histamine-releasing action of compound 48/80 or rabbit anti-rat serum (6). For most incubation experiments, Solution II was preferably used with or without Ca" unless otherwise stated because in either Solution I or II both histamine release and morphological changes were entirely the same depending on the presence or absence of Ca".…”

“…cellular energy generating processes since these reactions are inhibited by anoxic condi tions and by metabolic inhibitors which uncouples oxidative phosphorylation or block respiratory enzymes (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). A preliminary study was attempted in order to see whether adenosine 5'-triphosphatase (ATPase) is really activated in association with the release of histamine.…”

Histamine Release From Isolated Rat Mast Cells in Metal Ion-Free Medium

“…In the present experiment, histamine release reached a maximum in 0.5 pg/ml of compound 48/80 and further increase in the concentration of the compound failed to bring about a further increase in histamine release. This is to be expected since this concentration also produced a submaximal histamine release in physi ological salt solution (9).…”

Mechanism of Histamine Release by Alpha-Chymotrypsin from Isolated Rat Mast Cells

“…(CT)2 has been known to degranulate or release histamine from isolated (1,2) or mesentery mast cells (2,3) of rats. This action of CT has been reported to be influenced by the same factors which have controlled the similar action of compound 48/80, sinomenine and antigens, e.g.…”